The golden window period is shortened, and the export of new energy vehicles is still facing greater challenges

　　In recent years, new energy vehicles have developed rapidly, but there are still challenges in the export of new energy vehicles.

During the National People's Congress this year, Wang Fengying, a representative of the National People's Congress and president of Great Wall Motors, and Li Shufu, a representative of the National People's Congress and chairman of Geely Holding Group, put forward suggestions on promoting the export of new energy vehicles.

　　"At present, new energy vehicles are an important breakthrough for China's auto industry to go global." Wang Fengying said.

Li Shufu also expressed a similar view. He said that with the increase in sales of new energy vehicles in overseas markets such as Europe, China's new energy vehicles are expected to gain more development opportunities overseas.

　　According to data released by the General Administration of Customs, in 2020, China’s total exports of electric passenger vehicles (including low-speed electric vehicles and non-plug-in hybrid electric vehicles) totaled 222,900, a year-on-year decrease of 12.5%. Among them, pure electric passenger vehicles It is the main export force.

Despite the decline in export volume, the export value increased by 135.7% year-on-year to 22.402 billion yuan.

　　The report issued by the General Administration of Customs pointed out that the export volume of electric manned vehicles has declined, but the value of exports has not fallen but has increased, indicating that the value of China’s pure electric vehicle exports has increased significantly, and the low-speed electric vehicles of low-quality and low-price are increasing. The transformation of pure electric vehicles with high quality and high value.

With the tightening of environmental protection regulations in overseas markets, the export of pure electric vehicles in China will also usher in unprecedented huge opportunities.

　　However, regarding the decline in the export of electric vehicles, Wang Fengying told the First Financial reporter in a written interview that this is consistent with the accelerated rise of the European new energy vehicle market in recent years, which has led to the gradual reduction of China's new energy vehicle market share in the global market.

In the future, if China's National New Energy Vehicles is steadily stagnating and still focuses on domestic deployment, it may be difficult to seize the best opportunity to quickly gain a foothold in the global market.

　　"In recent years, foreign auto companies have accelerated their investment, cooperation, and construction of factories in China, and China's new energy vehicle first-mover advantage has weakened. The golden window for'going out' is constantly being compressed, leaving it to China's new energy vehicle industry. The time is getting shorter and shorter." Wang Fengying told the CBN reporter that China’s new energy automobile industry is facing the need to strengthen the global potential of mid-to-high-end new energy brands and products, the supply chain system is not yet complete, and some key technologies and resources are dependent. There are still many issues that need to be perfected, such as import and globalization development guidance policies.

　　Cui Dongshu, secretary-general of the Travel Federation, told reporters that in the export of new energy vehicles, micro low-speed electric vehicles accounted for the main share, which will improve in 2020.

The export of automobiles has a certain degree of tax support, so the export profit of electric vehicles is not bad.

In addition, the reporter learned that China's new energy vehicle exports are mainly divided into two main types: self-owned brand exports and foreign and joint venture brand re-sales.

At present, a few new energy self-owned brands have a certain export volume, while the export performance of new energy vehicles such as Tesla and BMW Brilliance is outstanding.

On the other hand, commercial vehicles also account for a certain proportion of exports.

　　Wang Fengying believes that in the globalization of China's new energy automobile industry, key technologies are the first to deploy and establish technological advantages are the top priorities.

Therefore, it is necessary to elevate the globalization of the new energy automobile industry to a national strategy, guide the accelerated development of key technologies of China's new energy automobile industry step by step, and formulate a global guidance mechanism for key technologies of new energy automobiles to encourage the development of high-quality technologies to achieve High-quality development of globalization in the true sense.

She suggested to formulate a 5-10 year global development plan for China's new energy automobile industry; support enterprises with independent innovation capabilities in the field of new energy automobiles to develop globally; build an independent global supply chain system to enhance the overall new energy automobile industry" "Going Global" strength; expand international economic and trade cooperation to promote mutual benefit and win-win among enterprises; formulate a global self-protection defense mechanism for key core technologies of new energy vehicles.

　　"Domestic new energy vehicle production accounts for about 60% of the world's total, and the proportion of new energy in the structure of automobile export products will further increase. China's new energy vehicle industry has certain advantages." Lang Xuehong, Deputy Secretary-General of China Automobile Dealers Association Said to reporters.

However, there are still challenges in the export of new energy vehicles. While facing competition with other foreign brands, it also faces challenges such as localization rate, different market entry barriers and laws and regulations, technology patents, and incomplete after-sales service systems.

　　Li Shufu believes that the current main export method is still a big challenge. The export of new energy vehicles is mainly through sea transportation, which has high cost and long cycle, and faces a considerable degree of uncertainty (climate, line safety, corrosion caused by harsh shipping environment). ), which also brings a lot of carbon emissions during transportation.

Compared with sea and land transportation, railway transportation has huge advantages, especially in long-distance transportation. It surpasses sea and land transportation in terms of economy, stability and carbon emissions.

Thanks to the EU's friendly regulatory environment for unlimited rail transportation of electric vehicles, many European car companies have begun to choose to use railways for long-distance transportation of automotive products, including electric vehicles.

Li Shufu suggested that, taking into account the needs of the market and enterprises, a special train for new energy vehicle transportation should be opened at an appropriate time to meet the needs of Chinese car companies "going out" and the growing new energy vehicle market in Europe.

　　In addition, since major countries have certain safety requirements for imported and exported products, the "export certification" of new energy vehicles is still a major challenge.

At present, the electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) of electric vehicles has gradually become the focus of attention.

In 2014, Europe added a large number of EMC regulations on the charging of electric vehicles and hybrid vehicles to the automotive technical regulations.

Compared with Europe, the domestic electric vehicle EMC test related standards are lagging behind. If products that meet the requirements of the European standard market are formulated, it will increase the cost of vehicle research and development and market operation.

However, European standards have become the reference standards for various countries to formulate relevant regulations, which means that the export of domestic new energy vehicles may be subject to technical trade restrictions from more and more countries.

(Author: Bushi Ye)