China News Service, Chongqing, March 4 (Han Lu, Xiong Zhixiang) March 4 is the "International HPV Awareness Day".
According to the latest new tumor registration report in Chongqing, the incidence of cervical cancer is 20.64/100,000, second only to breast cancer.
"Cervical cancer is actually preventable and controllable. Now our early cure rate can reach more than 90%." said Professor Zhou Qi, the former chairman of the Gynecological Oncology Committee of the Chinese Anti-Cancer Association and the Gynecological Oncology Center of the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Chongqing University.
It is understood that cervical cancer is a malignant tumor that grows on the cervix of women, and it is the only malignant tumor with a clear cause.
Among the malignant tumors of the female reproductive system in China, the incidence and mortality of cervical cancer rank first.
Zhou Qi said that it usually takes 5 to 10 years or more for women to "infect HPV virus-precancerous lesions-cervical cancer".
During this period, maintaining healthy living habits, vaccinating HPV, and receiving regular screenings can effectively prevent the occurrence of cervical cancer.
"HPV stands for'Human Papilloma Virus'. It is a virus that is mainly transmitted through sex and enters the reproductive tract, oral cavity or throat, thereby causing mucosal and skin infections." Zhou Qi said that the HPV infection rate in China shows a "double peak" by age. Distribution, the first peak is between 17 and 24 years old, and the second peak is between 40 and 44 years old.
"The most common high-risk types are HPV16 and HPV18. More than 90% of cervical cancers are related to persistent infection of these two high-risk types of HPV." Zhou Qi said that HPV infection is very common, and the probability of HPV infection in women's life is as high as 85%. -90%.
However, after HPV infection, it can be cleared by the body's immune mechanism within a few months to one or two years. Therefore, most HPV infections are transient and have no clinical symptoms.
"But the majority of women should not be taken lightly. Certain types of HPV virus continue to be infected, and precancerous lesions will occur over time, which will eventually progress to cervical cancer. Therefore, preventing continuous HPV infection can prevent most cervical precancerous lesions and Cervical cancer." Zhou Qi said, currently cervical cancer implements the three-level preventive measures of "vaccination, cervical screening, and timely intervention", "especially the first two levels of prevention, the initiative is entirely in my hands."
Beginning in 2010, Chongqing has launched the “two cancers” (cervical cancer and breast cancer) screening projects in all districts and counties of the city, helping more than 7 million rural women complete the “two cancers” examinations, and nearly 10,000 poor rural women received timely Rescue and achieve better diagnosis and treatment results.
"Cervical cancer is preventable and controllable, and the early cure rate is high, reaching more than 90%. However, the 5-year survival rate in the middle and late stages has plummeted, which has brought great difficulties and challenges to treatment, and the cost has also risen sharply." Zhou Qi said that people at high risk of cervical cancer should pay special attention. When irregular vaginal bleeding or bleeding after sexual intercourse occurs, vaginal discharge is manifested as increased leucorrhea, or serous, purulent leucorrhea, rice soup-like bloody foul leucorrhea, continuous lumbosacral area Or sciatica and other symptoms, women should see a doctor as soon as possible.