To build an international transportation hub city, why these 20 cities

　　Author: Lin Xiaozhao

　　The 20 cities are Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai, Nanjing, Hangzhou, Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Chengdu, Chongqing, Shenyang, Dalian, Harbin, Qingdao, Xiamen, Zhengzhou, Wuhan, Haikou, Kunming, Xi'an and Urumqi.

　　The construction of transportation hubs is vital to economic development.

　　Recently, the "Outline of the National Comprehensive Three-dimensional Transportation Network Planning" (hereinafter referred to as the "Outline") issued by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council proposes to build a "three-in-one" national integrated transportation hub system of integrated transportation hub clusters, hub cities, and hub ports.

To build four international comprehensive transportation hub clusters facing the world, the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, the Yangtze River Delta, the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, and the Chengdu-Chongqing double-city economic circle.

Speed ​​up the construction of about 20 international comprehensive transportation hub cities and about 80 nationwide comprehensive transportation hub cities.

　　International comprehensive transportation hub

　　The 20 international comprehensive transportation hub cities are Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai, Nanjing, Hangzhou, Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Chengdu, Chongqing, Shenyang, Dalian, Harbin, Qingdao, Xiamen, Zhengzhou, Wuhan, Haikou, Kunming, Xi'an and Urumqi. .

　　Why are these 20 cities?

　　Niu Fengrui, a researcher at the Urban Development and Environmental Research Center of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, analyzed the China Business News that the economic foundation is the basis for the construction of the transportation network.

Transportation is to connect people and logistics, so the larger the population, the larger the city, the higher the GDP, the greater the demand for international transportation, and the more prominent the role of the core transportation hub.

Conversely, the construction of transportation networks often brings new development impetus to network node cities.

　　The "Outline" pointed out that my country will build four major international comprehensive transportation hub clusters facing the world, the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, the Yangtze River Delta, the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, and the Chengdu-Chongqing dual-city economic circle.

Specifically, it is to form the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei hub cluster with Beijing and Tianjin as the center linking cities such as Shijiazhuang and Xiongan, and the Yangtze River Delta hub cluster with Shanghai, Hangzhou, and Nanjing as the center linking cities such as Hefei and Ningbo. , Hong Kong is a hub cluster in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area with Zhuhai, Macau and other cities at the core, and a dual-city economic circle hub cluster in Chengdu and Chongqing with Chengdu and Chongqing as the center.

　　Among these 20 cities, 9 cities are located in the four major economic circles. Among them, the Yangtze River Delta is the largest urban agglomeration in my country, with the largest number, and 3 cities are shortlisted.

Each of the other three economic circles has 2 cities.

　　Not only that, my country will accelerate the construction of six main axes in the future.

Strengthen the ties between the four poles of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, Yangtze River Delta, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, and Chengdu-Chongqing dual-city economic circle, and build a comprehensive, multi-channel, three-dimensional, large-capacity, and rapid transportation main axis.

Expand the four-pole radiation space and transportation resource allocation capabilities, create a key platform for the coordinated development of my country's comprehensive three-dimensional transportation and the transition of domestic and international transportation, and give full play to the important role of promoting the national regional development of north-south interaction and east-west integration.

　　Peng Peng, executive chairman of the Guangdong Provincial Institutional Reform Research Association, analyzed by China Business News that international transportation hubs need to consider the major economic circles and their distribution across the country, not only in developed regions, but also how to promote underdeveloped regions.

Of course, relatively speaking, there will be more large economic circles.

The several growth poles of my country's strategic development are the focus of the layout.

　　Among the four major economic circles, Wuhan and Zhengzhou are at important nodes in the central region.

"Nine Provinces" Wuhan is the center of Central China and the largest city in Central China.

Zhengzhou is the capital of the province with the largest registered population and one of the most important railway hubs in my country.

In addition, Qingdao is the economic leader of Shandong, the third largest economic province, and an important port in northern my country. There are also many economic and trade exchanges with Japan and South Korea.

　　Peng Peng said that international transportation hubs are related to population density. There are more people. After the economy develops, there will be more tourists, a lot of trips, and more freight transportation.

　　In addition to economic and demographic factors, balanced development and layout between regions is also very important.

For example, Xi'an and Shenyang are both traditional central cities in the Greater Northwest. As the leader of the Great Northwest, Xi'an is the only national central city in the entire Northwest region and the first city in the Northwest Region whose GDP has exceeded one trillion yuan.

Shenyang is the center of the Northeast Region and plays an important leading role in the revitalization of the Northeast.

　　Peng Peng said that many transportation hubs are historically formed, and the original central cities in the region are all international transportation hubs. This also considers the coordinated development of the region and the traditional historical accumulation and status.

"This kind of accumulation and status is not formed overnight."

　　In addition to these cities, although some cities are not particularly high in economic aggregates, these cities are at an important node of international exchanges and economic and trade exchanges, and there is a relatively large demand for international transportation.

Take Xiamen as an example. Although the total GDP ranks only 33rd in the country, its status as a transportation hub is very prominent.

　　Ding Changfa, associate professor of the Department of Economics at Xiamen University, analyzed my country Business News that Xiamen is the southeast shipping center of China.

Moreover, there are many overseas Chinese in Fujian, especially in Southeast Asia. Xiamen is also the center of economic and trade exchanges between the southeast coastal area and Southeast Asia.

　　Both Dalian and Harbin are located in the northeast region. Dalian is the shipping center of Northeast Asia built by our country, and there are many exchanges with Japan and South Korea.

Harbin is a central city in Northeast Asia. The goal of the Harbin New District is to become an important bearing area for comprehensive Sino-Russian cooperation, a new economic growth pole in Northeast China, a demonstration area for the transformation and development of old industrial bases, and a characteristic international cultural tourism cluster.

　　Among other cities, Hainan, where Haikou is located, is vigorously building an international tourist island and a free trade port, with many foreign exchanges and economic and trade exchanges.

Kunming is an important international aviation hub in southwest my country, and also a bridgehead for my country's economic and trade exchanges with South Asia and Southeast Asia.

Urumqi is an important central city in the northwestern region, and also a bridgehead for my country's personnel, economic and trade exchanges with Central Asia.

　　Multi-transport connection network promotion

　　Of course, an important condition for becoming an international transportation hub is its own transportation infrastructure, including aviation, high-speed rail, seaports, river ports, and highways.

Among them, the aviation hub is an important foundation.

　　According to the "2019 Civil Aviation Airport Production Statistics Bulletin", the 13 cities with the largest air passenger throughput in my country in 2019 have all entered the list of 20 cities.

In addition, Qingdao, Haikou, Urumqi, Tianjin, and Harbin are also among the top 20 airline passengers.

Shenyang ranks 21st, and Dalian, which has the smallest air passenger throughput among the 20 cities, ranks 23rd in the country.

　　A major feature of aviation is its high speed, which is critical to the rapid flow of personnel and the development of the time-sensitive airport industry.

Professor Li Xiaojin, a senior civil aviation expert, analyzed to a reporter from China Business News that the depreciation speed of Apple mobile phones is calculated in days. At this time, being close to an aviation hub is a sufficient and necessary condition.

　　In October 2011, Zhengzhou Xinzheng Comprehensive Bonded Zone, the 13th comprehensive bonded zone in the country and the first inland comprehensive bonded zone, was closed for operation. Foxconn’s OEM production of Apple mobile phones began to continuously fly from the agricultural provinces in the hinterland of the Central Plains to the world. Henan's export-oriented economy has been developing rapidly year after year.

　　Due to the unique advantages of aviation in international transportation, in the process of major urban airport expansion and construction, high-speed rail, urban rail and other transportation connections are also being promoted, and a comprehensive transportation network with airports as the hub is being formed at an accelerated pace.

For example, according to "Guangzhou Baiyun International Airport Master Plan Revision (2020 Edition)", in the near future, it is planned to add West 2nd and East 3rd runways, and build East 4th and West 4th corridors of the main building of T2 Terminal, West Satellite Hall and T3 Terminal Building, set up the GTC in front of the T3 building, and introduce the Guangzhou-Dongguan-Shenzhen Intercity, the Guanghe High-speed Railway, the Guangzhou-Zhuhai-Macau High-speed Railway and Metro Line 22, with a share of 40%.

　　At present, some international aviation hubs are becoming the centers of urban and regional development.