Chinanews, February 25th. Increasing trend.
Data map: Traffic flow on the road.
Photo by Zhou Xingliang
The Ministry of Ecology and Environment held a regular press conference on the 25th.
At the meeting, a reporter asked whether the number of vehicles in the city increased from 163 million to 281 million from 2015 to 2020, an increase of more than one billion, but the concentration of cities that did not meet the PM2.5 standard also decreased. Does this mean motor vehicle emissions? Isn't it the main source of air pollution?
"To answer the question of whether the decrease in PM2.5 concentration is related to the car, we must first discuss how the PM2.5 concentration decreased. During the 13th Five-Year Plan period, the PM2.5 concentration dropped by 28.8%. What is the main contribution? According to expert assessments As a result, it is mainly due to the remarkable effect of "coal control"." Liu Bingjiang said that 25 million households in key areas have been treated for scattered coal. The ultra-low emission of coal-fired power plants and the ultra-low emission of steel have been rapidly promoted, and the number of boilers has dropped to less than 100,000. Sulfur dioxide emissions have fallen from the highest value of 25.88 million tons to less than 7 million tons. The acid rain problem has basically been solved. The sulfur dioxide concentration has reached the national standard and the "14th Five-Year Plan" sulfur dioxide has withdrawn from the binding targets.
Compared with SO2 emissions, although the NOx and VOCs treatment caused by fuel has a certain effect, no matter the intensity or the effect, it is far inferior to SO2 treatment.
Liu Bingjiang pointed out that according to the latest data released at the end of 2020, the number of motor vehicles in the country is 372 million, of which 281 million are cars. Each year, more than 20 million cars are added, and the 13th Five-Year Plan has increased by more than 100 million.
According to related studies, mobile sources such as motor vehicles emit nitrogen oxides that account for about 60% of total emissions, and volatile organic compounds account for about 23%.
Mobile sources such as motor vehicles have become the main source of PM2.5 pollution in large and medium-sized cities in my country, and their contribution to pollution is increasing.
"To prevent and control motor vehicle pollution, we have done a lot of work." Liu Bingjiang said. First, in the 13th Five-Year Plan period, 14 million old cars have been eliminated nationwide. In 2018-2020, more than 90 vehicles will be eliminated in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and surrounding areas and the Fenwei Plain. Ten thousand heavy-duty diesel trucks operating in National III and below are phased out ahead of schedule.
The second is to promote the upgrade of emission standards for new vehicles. The National Sixth Standard for light vehicles has been fully implemented. The number of National V and National VI vehicles has increased from 2% in 2015 to 45%, and single-vehicle emissions have dropped significantly.
The third is the rapid improvement in the quality of gasoline and diesel for vehicles.
Automotive oil standards have achieved triple jumps from National IV to National VI standards. Automotive diesel, ordinary diesel, and some marine fuel oils have been combined. The most important environmental indicator of automotive gasoline and diesel-sulfur content reaches the standard 10ppm, reaching Europe and the United States Developed country level.
In addition, the number of new energy vehicles has increased rapidly, with buses, taxis, garbage sweepers, postal vehicles, light logistics vehicles, and new energy vehicles in the public sector increasing.
"Recently, we have found that the concentration of nitrogen oxides has shown a relatively good trend. The concentration of nitrogen dioxide did not drop much in the first four years of the 13th Five-Year Plan, but last year the concentration of nitrogen dioxide fell for the first time." Liu Bingjiang said, "PM2.5 Is there any relationship between the decline in concentration and vehicle emissions? The answer is certain. Through our scientific monitoring and analysis of the heavy pollution process, PM2.5 ranges from excellent to good, mild, moderate to severe, and continuous severe, which will increase the PM2.5 concentration. The main component of nitrates is nitrate, that is, NOx emissions are converted into nitrates. Especially in Beijing, it is particularly obvious that sulfates basically do not move, mainly driven by nitrates. Now it seems that nitrogen oxide reduction has become the focus, which means It is because the early coal-burning treatment has been effective, and the problem of automobile emissions is now more prominent. The reduction of automobile pollution will be the focus of the "14th Five-Year Plan", but also a difficult point."