China Youth Daily·China Youth Daily reporter Ye Yuting, intern Yang Yang Zhang Shizhen
In the last few days of 2020, candidates who signed up for the 2021 national postgraduate admissions examination ushered in the big exam.
The latest statistics from the Ministry of Education show that the number of applicants for the national postgraduate admissions examination in 2021 is 3.77 million.
Different from the past, the 2021 postgraduate examination is the first large-scale written examination organized by the research and recruitment front under the normalization of epidemic prevention and control. It faces the dual challenges of epidemic prevention and control and exam safety.
According to the latest National Postgraduate Admissions Survey Report for 2021 (hereinafter referred to as the "Report") released by China Education Online, the scale of postgraduate enrollment in my country is continuously expanding. In 2020, the number of graduate students will be expanded by 189,000, and the number of enrollment will exceed 1.1 million.
The current enrollment scale of professional masters has exceeded 60% of the total enrollment of postgraduates, and the enrollment scale of doctoral students has been continuously expanded. The annual enrollment of doctoral students has exceeded 100,000.
For more than 3 million candidates, the postgraduate entrance examination is not only to get closer to the ideal university and major, but also to improve employment competitiveness and other practical issues.
More than half of the candidates go to graduate school to improve themselves
Peng Jia, majoring in English at Beijing Jiaotong University, applied for a graduate student in economics and management.
Peng Jia, who took a double degree in accounting at the undergraduate level, found that compared with this major, her interests and thinking mode are more inclined to the direction of economic management, and she also wants to pursue a career related to economics and management, so she decided to "challenge" more difficultly The cross-professional postgraduate entrance examination.
On the way to the postgraduate entrance examination, Peng Jia overcome many difficulties.
During her undergraduate course, she only studied mathematics for half a semester, and the only reserve of mathematics knowledge was far from the requirements of the "Mathematics III" exam that she was about to take. So Peng Jia focused her exam preparation and review on mathematics.
Since the decision to take the postgraduate entrance examination in late July this year, she has been studying mathematics until mid to late September.
Nowadays, more and more people choose to take the postgraduate entrance examination.
The "Report" shows that the number of applicants for the postgraduate entrance examination in 2021 will continue to increase, an increase of 360,000 or 10.6% from the 3.41 million in 2020, and the number of applicants has reached a record high.
The "Report" pointed out that the number of applicants for postgraduate entrance examinations has increased rapidly in the past five years.
In 2017, the number of postgraduate applicants broke the 2 million mark for the first time, reaching 2.01 million.
In 2021, the number of postgraduate applicants reached 3.77 million. In five years, the number of applicants for postgraduate entrance examinations increased by 87.6%, nearly doubling.
Regarding the motivation for the postgraduate entrance examination, the "Report" pointed out that through the investigation and analysis of the motivation for the postgraduate entrance examination, more than half of the candidates for postgraduate studies are to improve their knowledge and ability, as well as to improve their employment competitiveness; they think that the graduate school is not good and want to upgrade the school level Is another important factor.
In recent years, many previous students have also joined the postgraduate entrance examination team.
Tan Xiaolin, who is studying at a university in Beijing, will take the postgraduate entrance examination during World War II this year, and her original intention for the postgraduate entrance examination is to enter the university as a counselor.
She said that most of the current counselor positions in colleges and universities require a master's degree.
The "Report" shows that in the composition of candidates, the proportion of previous students has increased rapidly. The main reason is that previous students are dissatisfied with their current career status and want to improve their competitiveness through graduate school and obtain better employment returns.
Chen Zhiwen, editor-in-chief of China Education Online, pointed out that if the pressure of employment does not change, the craze for postgraduate entrance examinations will always exist.
Relatively speaking, reading is the best way to avoid danger.
The proportion of professional masters has increased significantly
This year, the Ministry of Education has carried out a large-scale enrollment of graduate students, which is one of the reasons why the postgraduate entrance examination team is growing.
The "Report" pointed out that in 2020, the number of graduate students will be expanded by 189,000, and the number of students will exceed 1.1 million. This expansion is expected to continue in 2021.
Nowadays, as the top of national education, the number of doctoral students in my country is constantly expanding, and there are not a few college students who intend to study for Ph.D.
Psychology of Tsinghua University, this is the goal of Zhang Shuai (pseudonym) who majored in engineering from a university in Tianjin.
This seemingly irrelevant ambition actually comes from the interest that Zhang Shuai has accumulated since his junior high school.
When applying for the college entrance examination, he hoped to be able to apply for psychology, but because of the limitation of the college entrance examination scores, he could only choose an ordinary normal college with outstanding psychology. Finally, because of the pressure of his parents to hope him to go to a better university, Selected engineering.
For his future, he has a very clear plan-reading a Ph.D., when he was in school and felt that "there is no way to further enrich his arsenal", he began to do consulting work.
The "Report" shows that the number of doctoral students enrolled in 1982 was 302. The period from 1999 to 2004 was a rapid development stage with an average annual increase of 23.8%, but the overall enrollment scale was small.
After 2004, it entered a stage of steady development, with an average annual growth rate of 3.2%.
Until 2017, the scale of doctoral enrollment once again entered a stage of rapid development. In 2018, the number of doctoral enrollment was 95,502, an increase of 13.9% over 2017, and the number of doctoral enrollment in 2019 reached 105,169, an increase of 10.1%.
Nowadays, professional master's degree has also become the main goal of postgraduate entrance examination.
Xiao Tang (pseudonym) of the School of Public Administration of Renmin University of China applied for a master's degree in the law school of this school.
From applying for a law major during the college entrance examination, to wishing to transfer to law after enrollment, the postgraduate entrance examination is another effort he has made in this direction.
"I wanted to take the postgraduate entrance examination a long time ago. I wanted to take the entrance examination before I changed my major."
In 4 years, Xiao Tang took some courses from law school, which made him feel that studying law is interesting to confirm that law is "really good and suitable for me".
The "Report" pointed out that since the full-scale start of enrollment for professional masters in 2009, the current enrollment scale has exceeded 60% of the total enrollment of postgraduates.
This year, the proportion of applications for professional degree masters has increased significantly.
Currently, there are 47 professional degree categories in my country, of which 40 are for master's degree, 5,996 are authorized for master's degree, and 278 are authorized for doctoral degree.
In addition, the "Report" shows that in recent years, the enrollment scale of professional master's students has increased significantly.
Since 2017, the enrollment scale of professional masters has always been higher than that of academic masters.
In 2019, the enrollment of postgraduate students was 811,000, and the enrollment of postgraduate and master's degree reached 474,000, accounting for 58.5%.
In 2019, there were 1.474 million professional postgraduate students, accounting for 60.4%.
In July this year, the National Graduate Work Conference was held.
Chen Zhiwen believes that this is the first postgraduate work conference held in the name of the Party Central Committee. This conference has carried out the overall design and positioning of the high-level talent training system based on the domestic internal circulation, stabilized the master's degree, expanded the scale of the doctoral degree, and has a high future. The level of research talents will be mainly based on doctoral education, and the future masters will be mainly based on applied talents, that is, specialized masters.
Chen Zhiwen said: "Nowadays, the training position of graduate students has undergone major changes. In the future, the traditional academic master's degree will be relatively shrinking, and the master's degree will emphasize the training of high-level applied talents. This is worthy of special attention."
Don't let a candidate "be left behind" due to the epidemic
A few days before the preliminary examination of the postgraduate entrance examination, many cases or asymptomatic infections occurred one after another in many places, which brought a lot of challenges to the preparation for the postgraduate examination.
On December 24, the Ministry of Education held another video dispatch meeting to deploy all provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) across the country to take the most stringent standards and strictest measures to further prevent and control the epidemic.
The meeting emphasized the need to further strengthen organizational leadership.
Provincial education administrative departments and enrollment and examination agencies must be in the lead, implement the territorial responsibilities of the research and examination organization and management and epidemic prevention and control, and be responsible for the land and ensure the safety and health of the examinees and examination staff.
In this regard, the education department and local universities actively responded to ensure that every candidate will not be "left behind" due to the epidemic.
For example, in Tianjin, each test area in the city has prepared a standardized test site in advance as a backup test site (used in a coordinated manner throughout the city), and each university prepares a teaching building as a backup test site. At the same time, the training and management of the staff of the backup test center, as well as the allocation and test papers are prepared in advance. Security and confidentiality work; in Heilongjiang Province, due to the recent increase in imported cases from abroad, the epidemic in many places in the country rebounded. Local cases have appeared in Dongning, Suifenhe, and Tahe in Heilongjiang Province, and the locality has entered a wartime state.
Heilongjiang requires candidates from epidemic areas to hold valid nucleic acid test results within 7 days before they can take the exam.
Even if the close-knit isolation candidates request to take the exam, the local area will provide guarantee services in accordance with regulations.
In many universities and colleges in Beijing, the slogan "Protect candidates" may have different expressions, but it is always seen everywhere.
From December 26 to 28, Tsinghua University's test centers arranged a total of 344 test rooms.
A total of more than 9,000 candidates took the test at the Tsinghua University test center, and the remaining candidates who applied for Tsinghua University took the test at more than 560 test centers outside Beijing.
According to reports, Tsinghua University has adopted a series of epidemic prevention measures.
In order to facilitate the verification when entering the test center, Tsinghua University has opened the only green channel for admission-the dedicated channel for Tsinghua University Art Museum, and set up a number of temperature measurement and detection robots "Atu" independently developed by Tsinghua University at the entrance of the green channel for candidates. This time, the identification of all candidates entering the school and temperature detection tasks.
At the same time, Tsinghua has installed face recognition devices in each examination room building, which can verify candidates' admission data and nucleic acid test results related data.
Tsinghua University's examination rooms and examination rooms are equipped with anti-epidemic materials such as hand-free disinfection, disinfectant, protective clothing, protective glasses, and face masks.
On December 26, a total of 2083 people from Beijing Technology and Business University took the test. There are 75 test rooms in total in 4 test rooms on two campuses of the school.
The reporter learned that Beijing Industry and Commerce will eliminate all examination rooms and public areas in the test center three times in the morning, midnight and evening, and assign the responsibility for the elimination of each examination room to the individual, and the surface of the elimination is accurate to each door handle and each piece. Exam desktop.
At the same time, the frequency of elimination of the isolated examination room has been strengthened, and special personnel have been designated to guide and invigilate the examination, one of whom is specifically responsible for epidemic prevention in the examination room.
On December 26, in an isolation ward of the Sixth People's Hospital of Dalian, an asymptomatic infected person under medical observation was required to take the postgraduate examination held that day.
This is also the country's first test taken by people infected with new coronary pneumonia.
This special test quickly rushed into the hot search on Weibo of the day.
Behind the one-person examination room is the contribution of many examination staff and medical staff, and it has also handed in a unique answer sheet for the dual test of epidemic prevention and control and examination safety.
Postgraduate entrance examination is a process of pursuing dreams.
Under the escort of all sectors of society, even though the epidemic is currently, candidates have not stopped pursuing their dreams.
Many candidates with dreams believe that after a hard winter, the epidemic will always pass and the future is now.
China Youth Daily·China Youth Daily reporter Ye Yuting, intern Yang Yang Zhang Shizhen Source: China Youth Daily