Improve quality and efficiency, speed up the modernization of national defense and military
——Interview on studying and implementing the spirit of the Fifth Plenary Session of the 19th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China
The Fifth Plenary Session of the 19th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China proposed to speed up the modernization of national defense and the military, and realize the unity of a prosperous country and a strong military.
The "Proposals of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on Formulating the Fourteenth Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development and the Long-Term Goals for 2035" further proposed "speeding up the modernization of military theory", "speeding up the modernization of military organization", and "speeding up the modernization of military personnel". The specific deployment of "speeding up the modernization of weapons and equipment" has pointed out the direction for achieving the party's goal of strengthening the army in the new era and building our army into a world-class army in an all-round way.
This journal has a special interview with four military experts to provide in-depth interpretations and explanations on accelerating national defense and military modernization.
Advanced military theory is essential to leading the modernization of national defense and the military
——Interview with Guo Fenghai, Professor of National Security College, National Defense University
Guangming Daily reporter Liu Xiaobing
"The important exposition of the Fifth Plenary Session of the 19th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on'accelerating the modernization of military theory, advancing with the times, innovating war and strategic guidance, improving the military strategic system in the new era, and developing advanced combat theories', profoundly revealed the leading role of advanced military theory National defense and military modernization play a vital role.” Guo Fenghai, a professor at the National Security College of the National Defense University, said that we must achieve the goal of building a military in the past century and build a world-class military in an all-round way. We must rely heavily on modern military theories for support; we must adapt to changes in the world and be effective. To cope with the challenges of the new military revolution, to gain a foothold in fierce military competition, and to win the initiative in a complex strategic game, the advanced nature of the theory has an overall supporting role.
Guo Fenghai believes that to accelerate the modernization of military theories, Chinese characteristics must be fully reflected.
We must base ourselves on the reality of our military, inherit and carry forward the profound wisdom of Chinese military science and our military's fine military traditions, and insist on self-centeredness and independent innovation.
In particular, we must adhere to Xi Jinping’s thinking on strengthening the army, inherit a set of theories about the party’s absolute leadership over the army that has been formed and developed by our army in long-term practice, closely integrate the new era conditions and practical experience, and explore new forms of realization. , To maintain and carry forward the characteristics and advantages of our military with excellent originality.
"With the rapid development and application of new technologies such as big data, cloud computing, and artificial intelligence, the form of warfare is accelerating to informatization and intelligentization." Guo Fenghai pointed out that it is necessary to accurately grasp the requirements of the modernization of military theory, and make the quasi-mechanization information intelligent. The content requirements of the development of integration of technology, promote the shift of theoretical content from mechanization to informatization and intelligence, and accelerate the formation of a modern, leading, and unique military theory system.
To win modern warfare, it is necessary to scientifically grasp the winning mechanism and combat methods of modern warfare, strengthen new concepts compatible with informatized and intelligent combat, strengthen the awareness of all-dimensional and all-in-one confrontation, pay attention to joint operations of multiple services and arms, and innovate to win the battle against powerful enemies. Multiple tactics.
It is necessary to vigorously strengthen the development of core operational concepts and independent innovation, form a series of new results in effective tactics and training methods, form a set of core operational theories and related tactics with our military characteristics, and promote the modernization of operational theories.
Guo Fenghai said that practice is the fundamental cause of theoretical development.
Innovating military theory must be guided and directed by military strategic needs, war needs, combat needs, and army building needs.
At present, our military is under the new system. How to further deepen the innovation and development of military guidance theory, how to orderly advance the follow-up reforms such as scale structure, policy system, military-civilian integration, how to scientifically build a joint combat command system, and how to innovate and develop to adapt to the actual combat of our military? Laws, tactics, etc., these questions urgently need to be answered theoretically and scientifically.
To advance the modernization of military theory, we must highlight the problem orientation, focus on the practical needs of winning future wars, and strive to make new breakthroughs in the study of major practical issues such as war guidance, the construction and application of new combat forces.
It is necessary to vigorously expand the conversion path from theory to practice, focus on the combination of research and warfare, and give full play to the role of non-war military operations, especially actual combat military training and virtual military practice, in promoting theoretical innovation.
"Strengthening the country and the army, strategy first." Guo Fenghai proposed that it is necessary to scientifically grasp the dialectical and unified relationship between politics and military, political strategy and strategy, and think about war issues from a political perspective.
It is necessary to thoroughly study major issues of military strategy and to innovate strategic guiding ideology and basic combat ideology.
Active defense is the basic point of our party’s military strategic thinking. To advance with the times and to strengthen military strategic guidance, we must continuously broaden our strategic vision, update strategic thinking, move forward the focus of guidance, and unite the prevention of crises, the containment of wars, and the victory of wars. Prepare and stop wars, deterrence and actual combat, war operations and the use of military forces in peacetime as a whole.
"To accelerate the modernization of military theory, we must also promote the transformation of military thinking." Guo Fenghai said.
The vivid feature of advanced military theory is to pay attention to the latest global battles, to focus on reflective research, and to highlight forward-looking innovations.
History has shown that the environment, tasks, conditions, and problems have changed. If you still adhere to the original thinking habits, pursue subjectivism and empiricism, and do not act according to objective laws, you will not be able to have new ideas, new measures and new actions.
Behind theoretical modernization is the change of ideas. We must be brave enough to break away from fixed thinking, work inertia and path dependence, and seek innovation and progress in the process of change.
For this reason, it is necessary to prioritize the pursuit of modernization in the field of cognition, to shape ideological concepts characterized by reflective and enterprising, and to pave the way for reform and innovation.
Promote the modernization of our army's organizational form at a new historical starting point
——Interview with Zhang Jie, associate researcher of the Academy of Military Political Work, Academy of Military Sciences
Guangming Daily reporter Zhang Wen
"Without the modernization of the military's organizational form, there would be no national defense and military modernization. Promoting the modernization of the military's organizational form is of great significance to solving our military's institutional obstacles, structural contradictions, and policy issues." Zhang Jie, associate researcher of the Academy of Military Political Work, Academy of Military Sciences Say.
During the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period, unprecedented overall and revolutionary changes in the strength, depth, and breadth of our military's history kicked off. The reform of the leadership and command system, the reform of the size and structure of the military, the organization of forces, and the reform of military policies and systems were launched. Achieved fruitful reform results——
The People’s Army’s leadership and command system has achieved historic changes. In accordance with the general principles of the Central Military Commission’s management, the main battle zone, and the main construction of the services, a "Military Commission-Theater-Army" combat command system and "Military Commission-Service-Army" leadership management have been established. system.
The people’s army has been reformed in its scale, structure and strength composition, changing the long-standing ground-based and homeland defense-based strength structure and force distribution. The army has developed in the direction of enrichment, synthesis, versatility, and flexibility. Strategic early warning, open sea defense, long-range strikes, New types of combat forces such as strategic projection and information support have been substantially strengthened, and a joint combat force system with elite combat forces as the main body is being formed.
Carry out systematic and in-depth reforms of the military policy system, deepen the reform of the military party building system, innovate the policy system for the use of military power, reshape the military power building policy system, reform the military management policy system, and establish and improve the socialist military policy system with Chinese characteristics.
In Zhang Jie’s view, the Fifth Plenary Session of the 19th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China proposed to “accelerate the modernization of the military’s organizational form, deepen the reform of national defense and the military, advance the revolution in military management, accelerate the transformation and construction of services and armed police forces, and expand strategic forces and new territories and new quality operations. Strength, to create a high-level strategic deterrence and joint combat system, and to strengthen joint training, joint support, and joint use of military forces" has important guiding significance for advancing the modernization of our military’s organizational form from a new historical starting point.
"The modernization level of an army's organizational form determines its combat effectiveness, and directly affects and restricts its overall combat effectiveness." Zhang Jie said that during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, the People's Army will surely make progress in advancing the modernization of the military's organizational form. Greater progress will provide strong support for building and consolidating national defense and a strong army, and gaining military competitive advantages.
How to advance?
Zhang Jie believes that there are three main aspects: First, further adhere to a series of fundamental principles and systems for the party's absolute leadership over the army.
Through a series of system designs and institutional arrangements, the fundamental principles and systems of the party’s absolute leadership over the military have been further consolidated and improved, strengthened the centralized and unified leadership of the Military Commission, ensure that the Military Commission commands the military efficiently, ensure that the Military Commission scientifically plans and strengthens the management of army building, and more So that the supreme leadership and command of the army can be concentrated in the Party Central Committee and the Central Military Commission.
The second is to further build a military power system with elite combat forces as the main body.
Strengthen the thinking of system construction, coordinate the construction of traditional and new domains and new quality combat forces, coordinate the construction of combat forces and combat support and support forces, and promote the leap of combat effectiveness through the overall reconstruction of the system structure.
In accordance with the requirements of adjusting and optimizing the structure, developing new forces, straightening out major proportions, and reducing the scale of quantity, we will promote the transformation of our military from a quantity-scale type to a quality-efficiency type, and from a manpower-intensive type to a technology-intensive type. Integration, miniaturization, modularization and versatility.
Optimize the internal force structure of the service and arms to provide sufficient space for accelerating the development of new territories and new qualitative combat forces and improving strategic capabilities in terms of institutional organization.
The third is to further advance the military management revolution centered on efficiency.
Establish modern management concepts, optimize management processes, innovate strategic management systems, improve precision-oriented management systems, promote fundamental changes in military governance, and form precise, efficient, fully standardized, and rigidly constrained military management policies and systems to improve military specialization , Refined and scientific management level, and improve the accuracy of national defense and military development.
Create a new type of high-quality military talent phalanx
——Interview with Ma Jianguang, Professor of College of Arts and Sciences, National University of Defense Technology
Guangming Daily reporter Liu Xiaobing
The Fifth Plenary Session of the Nineteenth Central Committee of the Party pointed out that the modernization of military personnel should be accelerated, the policy of military education in the new era should be implemented, the training system for new-type military personnel of the trinity should be improved, and the phalanx of high-quality specialized military personnel should be forged.
"This has pointed out the direction for the cultivation of talents in the journey of achieving the goal of the century-long struggle of the founding of the army." said Ma Jianguang, a professor at the College of Arts and Sciences, National University of Defense Technology.
Military academies, as an important source of talents in the military, must be firm in the correct political direction, and must always implement the "truth of authenticity."
Academies are the cradle for cultivating morality and talents, the main position of Lide Shuren, and the leading area for running schools and educating people. They must be held with iron loyalty, and they must take up the responsibility of cultivating firm flag-bearers and reliable successors for the party and army. Human responsibility.
Ma Jianguang believes that the instructors of military academies are fine craftsmen who cast their souls and morals, and are the main force in leading soldiers and educating people. They are the pioneers who set an example. They must grasp the ideological and political construction of students and strengthen the thinking in various courses. Political education, the continuous red gene runs through the whole process of student growth, all regions and all periods.
The cadets of military academies should pay attention to the development of "virtual conduct", consciously unify their personal ideals with the cause of dedicating themselves to strengthening the army, and strive to become a new generation of "four have" revolutionary soldiers with practical actions.
"Military academies were born and built for warfare. The fundamental attribute is that the army serves the purpose of war. It must closely follow the changes in world military technology and war patterns and cultivate new military talents." Ma Jianguang said that the party committee of military academies must be closely integrated. Accelerate the development of mechanization, informatization, and intelligent integration", build a discipline and professional system with distinctive military characteristics, actively move closer to precise knowledge changes, plan the era of transformation of colleges and universities, and strive to create a new era of military education in a new era.
"Famous teachers must be familiar with actual combat." Ma Jianguang pointed out that college faculty must closely follow the trend of world military development, accurately grasp the development and change trends of war patterns, and integrate new theories, new methods and new forms of war with professional courses in a timely manner, and cultivate a group of masters. The faculty of modern warfare.
As the degree of informatization continues to deepen, and the battlefield is further transformed into informatization and intelligence, future wars will require a new type of high-quality and professional military personnel.
Cadets in military academies must focus on their main responsibilities and their main business, thoroughly study the characteristics and laws of modern warfare, and earnestly overcome difficulties and make a difference in trying to win and seek to win.
It is necessary to actively adjust learning methods, focus on improving strategic, command, and scientific and technological literacy, and continue to work hard to meet the requirements of new-type military talents with a spirit of struggle that does not wait for time.
In Ma Jianguang's view, entering the new era, we must earnestly strengthen the study of the theory of the Trinity and improve the combat effectiveness of the army.
The first is to clarify the functional positioning.
Strengthen the educational concept of "all-army-run education and joint training of talents", and regard talent training as a long-term plan to track the whole process of military personnel's career.
Military academies education emphasizes connotation and strong foundation; military training practice emphasizes connection and transformation; military vocational education emphasizes pilot projects and leads the overall situation; truly joint training, full training, and all-factor training, opening up the chain of military talent growth and training road.
The second is to stimulate the vitality of education.
It is necessary to release the effectiveness of the talent training system, stimulate internal motivation, and maintain vitality.
It is necessary to clarify the standards for personnel training, formulate and improve personnel training programs; to straighten out the relationship between management and operation, improve relevant policies and regulations, and effectively build and make good use of the new trinity military personnel training system.
The third is to form a multi-party joint force.
Military academies education, military training practice, and military vocational education, as the "troika" of talent training, are connected and interlinked, but also have different functions and focuses. The three are organically unified to cultivate high-quality new military talents. The vivid practice of the three parties must be combined to plan and promote overall coordination.
The focus is to improve the leadership management system of unified leadership, horizontal collaboration, and classified guidance, coordinate and solve major issues in the training of military personnel across military regions, departments, and fields, and gather joint efforts in running schools to create high-quality new military talents that support the great cause of the military. phalanx.
Speed up the modernization of weapons and equipment
——Interview with Zhang Hui, Associate Professor of the Department of Strategic Operations, Army Command College
Guangming Daily reporter Zhang Wen
"Workers must sharpen their tools if they want to do their jobs well." Zhang Hui, associate professor of the Department of Strategic Operations of the Army Command College, said that weapons and equipment are an important symbol of military modernization, an important basis for military struggle preparations, and an important weight in international strategic games. .
The Fifth Plenary Session of the 19th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China proposed to accelerate the modernization of weapons and equipment, focus on independent innovation and original innovation in national defense science and technology, accelerate the development of strategic frontier disruptive technologies, and accelerate the upgrading of weapons and equipment and the development of intelligent weapons and equipment.
This points out the way forward for a strong army of science and technology.
The "14th Five-Year Plan" period is likely to be a new round of scientific and technological revolution and a period of qualitative change in the military revolution. The rapid evolution and wide impact of major strategic frontier technologies such as artificial intelligence, information networks, biological crossover, and improvement of human functions have exceeded the old knowledge. The scope of the system's cognition, and shows a trend of multi-point bursts and group breakthroughs.
"Zhang Hui pointed out that the development of traditional weapons is approaching physical limits, new mechanisms, new technologies, new materials, and new processes have promoted the emergence of new concepts of weapons, and the explosive growth of new methods of warfare. Unmanned combat systems, ultra-high-speed missiles, and space-based kinetic energy killing weapons. "Newcomers" such as laser weapons, laser weapons, and nano weapons are becoming more mature and closer to the "C position" of the battlefield. The threats of biological weapons and genetic weapons are increasing. Our military weapons and equipment should be targeted at combat missions, combat opponents and battlefield environments in different directions. Future wars need to coordinate the system, scale, and structure of weapons and equipment to ensure that the weapons and equipment developed and produced are suitable for the battlefield and the needs of the army, and can show the "killer" that can effectively deter opponents at critical moments.
How to accelerate the modernization of weapons and equipment?
Zhang Hui believes that at present, it is especially necessary to work hard in the three aspects of "independence", "preemptive" and "intelligence": first, "independence", gather strength in national defense science and technology independent innovation and original innovation, and concentrate strengths and resources in all aspects to break through the key. Core technology, comprehensively improve the level of autonomous control in the field of defense.
Firmly hold on to the strategic basis of independent innovation in national defense science and technology, vigorously promote scientific and technological progress and innovation, and strive to gain a place in forward-looking and strategic fields.
Adhering to the path of independent innovation with Chinese characteristics is not only an inevitable choice for building an innovative country, but also the only way to achieve the goal of a strong military.
The second is to "take the lead", speed up the development of strategic and cutting-edge disruptive technologies, create more major power tools for defeating the enemy, and achieve overtaking in curves and lanes.
Science and technology is not only the "first productive force" that promotes social progress, but also the "first combat force" that determines the victory of future wars.
National development and military transformation are all started due to the application of science and technology and equipment innovation. The rapid advancement of the technological revolution will not wait for the general awakening of people, and no one will give in to the future strategic initiative.
Only by deep understanding and grasping the characteristics, laws and trends of the development of science and technology can we thoroughly understand the nature of social progress and military reforms, seize the equal opportunities given to all countries by new things, seize the strategic commanding heights of military competition, and seize the first opportunity in future confrontations. To be undefeated.
The third is "intelligence", accelerating the upgrading of weapons and equipment and the development of intelligent weapons and equipment, advancing the "+intelligence" transformation of active weapons and equipment and the "intelligence+" construction of new weapons and equipment, and driving the system to leapfrog the construction of weapons and equipment.
Facing the development trend of intelligent weapons and equipment, we should focus on the dual needs of intelligent warfare system operations and the construction of intelligent weapons and equipment systems, do a good job in top-level design and overall planning, and compile road maps, construction drawings and timetables for the development of intelligent weapons and equipment systems Develop high-, middle- and low-end, large, medium, small, and short-range areas in a planned, focused, and step-by-step manner, covering land, sea, air, space, network, electricity and other multi-dimensional space fields and supporting intelligent systems for combat and support. The human combat equipment system enhances the system integration of various services and arms and various intelligent weapons and equipment such as operations and support.
At the same time, we should focus on the needs of unmanned and anti-unmanned, intelligent and anti-intelligent operations, and focus on the development of anti-enemy intelligent unmanned weapons and equipment systems to ensure that they can effectively conduct intelligent unmanned offensive and defensive confrontations with the enemy.
Guangming Daily (version 05 on December 22, 2020)