"Roaming" blood vessels, virtual anatomy, modern technology has changed medical education like this
On December 10, it was only a short period of 10 days before the national unified entrance examination for postgraduates.
Under the influence of the general environment, many colleges and universities have added medical specialties and expanded the scale of medical enrollment, attracting the attention of graduate students.
A few days ago, Ke Yang, chairman of the Medical Professional Committee of the Chinese Higher Education Association, former executive vice president of Peking University, and vice president of the Chinese Medical Association, pointed out that my country's medical education has made great progress in recent years, but there are also outdated and backward teaching methods and uneven development of disciplines. problem.
She suggested strengthening online resources and virtual teaching AI scene applications in education and teaching, and strengthening public health and medical education.
The new crown epidemic has tested the level of medical care and also put forward new requirements for medical education.
What challenges does medical education face in the new era?
How can modern technology better serve medical education?
In this regard, a reporter from Science and Technology Daily interviewed relevant experts.
The postgraduate entrance examination should pay equal attention to the practical operation level
"Not every medical student likes or is suitable for studying medicine. Many children choose medicine because of parents' requirements. Teachers tend to focus more on the teaching and assessment of hard knowledge such as medical technology and the humanistic care education and life in the medical field. Education is not integrated enough.” When talking about medical education in the new era, Li Fan, a professor at the School of Pharmacy of Kunming Medical University, told a reporter from Science and Technology Daily.
Chen Dan is a doctoral student in orthopedics. When he mentioned the problems in medical education, he said: "Many medical schools still focus on teaching materials and knowledge. The theory and practice are not enough. There is a lot of complex and profound knowledge. Some students can’t understand intuitively.” He changed his mind, “but the teacher has no choice. Medicine needs to remember too many things, too many obscure concepts and knowledge points.”
The teachers in the medical school have a heavy burden.
At present, many domestic medical school teachers shoulder the "three positions" of teaching, scientific research and clinical practice.
In Li Fan's view, scientific research papers should be written clinically, oriented to patient needs, and scientific research promotes teaching.
She said that the phenomenon of emphasizing scientific research and neglecting teaching has improved since the "breaking of the Five Virtues".
But medical practice teaching also has its own "helplessness" at the undergraduate level.
The reporter learned that some medical students feel that the undergraduate colleges are not ideal and hope to change the status quo with postgraduate entrance examinations, and clinical practice has become a "walk through the scene."
Chen Dan said frankly: "Like many majors, the general environment makes medical students mostly take postgraduate entrance examinations as their way out. There are not a few students who cannot devote themselves to internships in order to prepare for the exam."
Li Fan is very supportive of the postgraduate entrance examinations for medical students. She believes that medicine is a knowledge-intensive subject and has a preliminary understanding of diseases at the undergraduate level. The treatment of difficult diseases requires the training of high-level medical students with a master's degree in practice.
However, she reminded that the time for the postgraduate entrance examination and the internship should be staggered as much as possible without interfering with each other. “The students who enter the postgraduate entrance examination often have high test scores, but the medical technology operation skills are relatively insufficient. It is necessary to strengthen the practical examination of the postgraduate examination and the practicing doctor examination in the future. Improve students' practical operation level".
Modern technology adds wings to medical education
Medical students need to learn a lot.
He Feng, dean of the School of Medical Science and Engineering of Tianjin University School of Medicine, noticed that most medical students get up very early every day and often endorse by the lake in the early morning.
"Modern technology continues to innovate the traditional medical teaching model." He Feng said that as modern technology accelerates the integration of medical education, the traditional knowledge transmitted in words is becoming more vivid and easy to understand.
With the help of artificial intelligence technology and virtual reality (VR) technology, the anatomical structure of the human body can be visually displayed in three dimensions. Students can see through the human body and observe how the world's most sophisticated instruments operate.
The reporter learned that in 2018, Tianjin University where He Feng is located opened the smart medical engineering major in my country. In the past two years, more than 20 colleges and universities across the country have established this major, which has promoted the combination of medical education and artificial intelligence, and the integration of medicine and engineering. development of.
"In the past, teachers used various teaching aids such as books, wall charts, models, and physical specimens to show and teach human anatomy to students. The disadvantage is that static teaching aids and specimens cannot present dynamic life phenomena such as blood flow and heartbeat." He Feng Said that students can now use VR glasses to learn about anatomy, and their immersion makes the teaching effect significantly stronger than traditional wall charts.
The virtual dissection table contains the skin, muscles, bones, and nerves of the virtual human body layer by layer; the virtual dissection software can even allow students to enter the digestive tract and blood vessels to "roam"; and the augmented reality (AR) technology can The anatomical structure of the human body is directly superimposed on the real person, and the echocardiogram can also be superimposed on the human body model, making the effect of organ activity more intuitive and realistic.
Technology is quietly changing the clinical practice and training methods of medical students.
He Feng said: "Different from traditional model teaching aids, the CPR human body model is connected to a variety of sensors to collect data such as compression strength and frequency. Students receive feedback repeatedly to practice compression techniques to be correct and proficient." He pointed out that traditional medical education Trial and error costs are high, and the training cycle for doctors is very long.
With the support of modern technology, medical students can use virtual reality technology to conduct intensive training in a relatively short period of time and accumulate richer clinical experience, which is expected to shorten the talent training cycle.
Not only that, with the help of 5G broadband, low latency and other features to carry out panoramic surgery live broadcast, so that students can watch the operation process of famous doctors through terminals such as TV; with the help of the head-mounted camera worn by the chief surgeon, they can also observe the surgical skills from the first-person perspective , Increase clinical surgical experience.
Relying on 3D printing technology, now orthopedic trauma model making and the production of built-in materials are more simple and flexible, and planning before surgery is clearer and more intuitive.
"The integration of medicine and high technology has developed along with the maturity of VR, AR and other technologies. Some conceptual products have matured day by day. Especially with the help of advanced technologies such as force feedback, some systems have gone from simple display to comprehensive operation skills training. The direction is evolving. In the not-too-distant future, medical education under the blessing of modern technology will be more closely integrated with clinical practical applications." He Feng is full of confidence.
"It is hoped that virtual technology and artificial intelligence technology will also be launched in medical schools in third- and fourth-tier cities to present human anatomy in a more detailed and visual manner to students, and to simulate the routine operations of various departments. This will promote further medical education. Development." Chen Dan said when talking about the expectation that technological support will serve medical education.
Online teaching brings profound changes to medical education
"Because of the epidemic, the number of students applying for medical examinations has increased significantly." He Feng noted that the touching deeds of medical aid teams across the country have had a wide-ranging impact through media reports, and many young students have planted the seeds of aspirations to study medicine; The tense doctor-patient relationship that has been seen in the news over the years has also improved, and most people have become more understanding and tolerant of the profession of doctors.
Li Fan said that online teaching has become more normalized, and online medical education resources have been continuously tapped and developed; medical science education has become more popular and widespread; clinical practice oriented training has received more attention; biosafety education and public health education Can develop faster.
"As a teacher, we should keep pace with the times and adapt to these changes as soon as possible, master new technologies such as the Internet and AI, and change passive learning into active learning; medical schools should begin to build a scientific evaluation system for online teaching and learning effects." Li Fan suggested.
Talking about the changes brought about by the epidemic to medical education, He Feng pointed out, “The epidemic has promoted the qualitative leap of online teaching, online teaching and other technologies, and opened up the sharing of teaching resources at home and abroad, developed regions and remote areas. After the epidemic ended, The profound changes that online teaching has brought to medical education will not be reversed and will continue to develop."
In addition, my country's public health professionals experienced a significant shortage during the epidemic.
He Feng predicted that in the next few years, the addition of public health-related majors will become a hot spot for major medical schools and comprehensive universities.
"The development of medicine is inseparable from the support of science and engineering. In the future, the cross integration and in-depth cooperation between medical schools and comprehensive universities can make it have a broader vision and a more comprehensive development." He Feng said.
(Our reporter Tang Fang)