Ensure the realization of compulsory education is guaranteed ("13th Five-Year", we have gone through this way)
——In the "13th Five-Year Plan" period, my country has achieved remarkable results in controlling dropouts and guaranteeing school
Our reporter Zhao Grace, Zhang Shuo, Wu Yue
General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out that "the two have no worries and three guarantees," and a very important one is that compulsory education must be guaranteed.
No matter how hard you are, you can’t suffer your children, and no matter how poor you are, you can’t have poor education.
It is necessary to ensure that children in poor mountainous areas go to school and receive education and have a happy childhood.
Controlling dropouts and ensuring compulsory education is an important way to root out poverty and block the intergenerational transmission of poverty. It has a bearing on the vital interests of the people and the future of the country and nation.
During the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period, the actions taken by schools in various regions to control dropouts have achieved remarkable results.
In 2019, the net enrollment rate of primary school-age children in my country reached 99.94%, the gross enrollment rate of junior high school students reached 102.6%, and the nine-year compulsory education consolidation rate was 94.8%. The relevant indicators have reached the average level of high-income countries in the world.
Go to school
Let out-of-school children return to the classroom
On this day, Zhao Jianbing, principal of the Central School of the Official Office of Huailai County, Hebei Province, went straight to Li Yinhe's home again.
The purpose of moving with emotion and knowing with reason is to allow Li Yinhe's children to return to school.
Traveling through thousands of mountains and rivers, trying everything possible, and speaking a thousand words... In many poor areas with complex terrain, inconvenient transportation, and large population flows, every school dropout child’s return to school is backed by scientific and detailed top-level design and The efforts of grassroots cadres, principals, and teachers.
Do everything possible to ensure that "no one is missing", and put another "insurance valve" on "the compulsory education is guaranteed."
During the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period, the Ministry of Education and more than 10 provinces signed the "Memorandum of Cooperation in Winning the Battle of Educational Poverty Alleviation", which included the control of dropout and school protection as an important task in the memorandum; signed "mission letters" with key provinces to clearly control dropout protection The task of school work, strengthen the responsibility of controlling dropouts and guaranteeing school work.
At the beginning of 2020, the party group of the Ministry of Education also specially set up a research and guidance group to implement listing supervision to help poverty-stricken counties get rid of poverty, and work together to control dropouts.
Various localities responded positively and implemented responsibilities at various levels. 95% of counties across the country have introduced a work plan for controlling dropouts and guaranteeing school.
In Guizhou, Sichuan, Guangxi and other places, the “two-line multi-level guarantee responsibility system” of “one line for the government and one line for the education system” has driven county heads, directors, township heads, village officials, principals, and parents to participate in the control of dropouts. ; Hunan has established a random inspection system for dropout control and school protection, and carried out on-site inspections...One by one, the children who had dropped out were retrieved and returned to the classroom.
Not only allows children to go to school, but also helps families alleviate worries.
In recent years, various localities have continued to improve their funding and assistance mechanisms to provide a foundation for controlling dropouts.
Hainan has adjusted the use of state-funded places throughout the province, with more arrangements in poor cities and counties, more arrangements in rural schools, and more arrangements in schools with many poor students; Jiangxi once again expanded the scope of living allowances for compulsory education, focusing on ensuring that students from poor families with registered cards, Disabled students from families with financial difficulties, students from rural low-income families, and rural poor support students who are not registered with a file.
The latest data shows that compared with the end of May 2019, as of September 15, 2020, the number of drop-outs in compulsory education nationwide has been reduced from 600,000 to 2,419. Among them, the number of drop-outs from poor families with registered cards has increased from 200,000 for the first time. The realization of dynamic reset has laid a solid foundation for the national plan to achieve a 95% consolidation rate of compulsory education in 2020, and to fully realize the goal of "guaranteed compulsory education".
Studious
To ensure that "can be controlled, retained, and learned"
"I haven't studied for a long time, and I can't keep up with class." Xiaomei, a 16-year-old girl from Yunnan, faced the "persuade to return" with no confidence.
Xiaomei’s family is poor and has many sisters. She only entered the first grade of a private school at the age of 12. She dropped out after a semester.
In the face of this situation, the relevant work class in Jinping County, Yunnan Province has carefully studied and repeatedly persuaded Xiaomei to be placed in the "General Vocational Integration Class" in Jinping County. Not only can she learn basic cultural knowledge, she can also learn a practical skill.
Let the children who return to school like school, stay in school, and learn something.
During the "13th Five-Year Plan" period, the education level in rural areas has been continuously improved, creating better conditions for the majority of rural school-age children to receive good compulsory education:
—— Reform and innovate education and teaching methods, use "Internet + Education" to provide rural schools with high-quality learning resources for free, create a warm rural campus, strengthen the construction of the teaching team, and improve the quality of rural education.
——Initiated and implemented projects to improve weak links in compulsory education and capacity enhancement. The central government invested nearly 30 billion yuan each year to focus on strengthening the construction of small-scale rural schools and township boarding schools to increase the attractiveness of rural schools.
—— Strict procedures for the abolition of small-scale rural schools to prevent dropouts due to long distances from school.
At the same time, all localities have combined their actual conditions to vigorously improve follow-up safeguards, so that high-quality educational resources can blossom and bear fruit in the countryside, and ensure that children "can be controlled, retained, and learned":
In Hainan, the education poverty alleviation project has been implemented since 2008, with a total investment of 1.4 billion yuan, the establishment of 24 Siyuan experimental schools, the reconstruction and expansion of 14 schools, covering 16 cities and counties including all ethnic cities and counties in the province. Provide 55,000 high-quality degrees, so that children in remote ethnic poverty-stricken areas and mountainous areas can enjoy the same high-quality educational resources as urban children.
In Nanyang, Henan, through the "prestigious school + new school", "prestigious school + weak school" "prestigious school + rural school" and other methods, so that the prestigious school education group covers 83 primary and secondary schools, 332,000 primary and secondary schools.
The 211 high-quality schools in county towns also "paired" with 364 rural schools to provide management, teaching, teachers, and school-running conditions.
At the central school in Qinchi Town, Yangcheng County, Jincheng City, Shanxi Province, teachers moved books to classrooms, corridors, and dormitories, and placed teaching instruments where children can reach them at any time, allowing them to read anytime, anywhere, and freely explore scientific mysteries.
The school has also set up more than 10 courses such as football, table tennis, calligraphy, painting, and crop planting, which greatly mobilize students' enthusiasm.
Grasp precision
"One to One" Help and Care
From a long distance away, I heard that the teacher came home, and Lu Bin rushed over to hug the teacher.
Lu Bin, an 8-year-old boy with a first-degree intellectual disability, cannot take care of himself, and has never enjoyed the fun of campus life like a healthy child.
"The child's hands-on ability is weak, so I will train him in stages, focus, and gradual steps, such as movement and perception, and break down the movements and demonstrate them over and over again." Han Bing, a teacher at Shenghe Primary School in Zhoukou City, Henan Province, is in Lu Bin A lot of effort has been devoted to him.
"No one is missing" includes not only healthy children, but also disabled children.
To ensure that they do not drop out of school and to protect their right to education, it is necessary to follow the principle of "one policy for a lifetime", achieve precise assistance and precise delivery of education, in order to effectively solve the practical difficulties of each family.
At present, the clarion call for the "general attack" in the fight against poverty in education has been sounded. The key to accelerating the completion of shortcomings lies in "precision."
Tackling tough targets must be precise, laws must be precise, and guarantee measures must be precise... This requires innovation in systems and mechanisms, innovative working methods, and precise efforts at key nodes.
Relying on the provincial education data center, the Xiangjiao cloud certification system, data middleware and other platform systems, Hunan Province has developed a "one-unit" information service system for precision education and poverty alleviation based on the provincial cloud computing environment.
Since the system was launched, three province-wide big data comparisons have been carried out to achieve "big data accurately determine where each student goes to school" and show the funding status of every poor student.
Qinghai mobilized more than 30,000 cadres to overcome many difficulties such as inconvenient transportation, cold weather, and insecurity of food and lodging, and went to residents’ families and herders’ tents and persuaded them to return. Gansu developed the “App for Dropout Control and School Protection”. Organize schools to count the number of people in school every day to achieve normalization; Guizhou coordinates all forces to grasp student dynamics, and establishes a perfect "one-to-one" support and care mechanism for those who are at higher risk of dropping out...
According to Lu Yugang, the director of the Department of Basic Education of the Ministry of Education, the Ministry of Education has further improved the comparison mechanism between the primary and secondary school student registration system and the national basic population information database and the national poverty population information database, requiring "three database comparison and mutual verification", and establishing "dropout control" The “Online Management Platform of the Work Ledger for School Enrollment” records the information of each dropout student and conducts key monitoring in 374 key national monitoring counties for dropout control.
In June of this year, the Ministry of Education and other ten departments jointly issued the "Opinions on Further Strengthening the Work of Controlling Dropouts and Ensuring Compulsory Education and Improving the Guaranteed Long-term Effective Mechanism of Compulsory Education", requiring 52 uncapped counties to be the main battlefield and "three districts, three State" is the decisive battleground, comprehensively sorting out the situation of students who have returned to school and those who still drop out, and formulate a work plan for each case to ensure that school-age children and adolescents in the compulsory education stage of impoverished families do not drop out of school except for physical reasons. The annual compulsory education consolidation rate reached 95%.
Controlling dropouts and preserving schools is not only a tough battle, but also a protracted battle.
During the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period, the actions taken by schools in various regions to control dropouts have achieved remarkable results, bringing the possibility of rooting out poverty and blocking the intergenerational transmission of poverty, injecting confidence and bringing confidence to more children and more families. hope.