China News Service, Beijing, October 23 (Reporter Li Yanan) AIDS was once one of the most frightening diseases, and the World Health Organization listed it as one of the world's top ten health threats.
Experts point out that at present, AIDS can become a preventable and curable chronic disease like hypertension and diabetes.
The goal of treatment for HIV infection is to minimize the replication of the virus and keep the virus below the low test line for a long time. HIV-infected persons must strictly follow the "principle of compliance" and strengthen long-term standardized treatment.
The UNAIDS report shows that as of the first half of 2019, there were approximately 37.9 million people living with HIV worldwide.
The Chinese Center for Disease Control, UNAIDS, and the World Health Organization jointly assessed that by the end of 2018, China estimated that there were about 1.25 million AIDS-infected people living in China, and it is estimated that there are about 80,000 new infections every year.
From 2012 to 2018, the number of new cases of AIDS and the number of deaths in China have shown an upward trend year by year.
In order to achieve the elimination of AIDS by 2030, the UNAIDS has set a goal of achieving the "three 90%" by 2020, that is, 90% of HIV-infected people know themselves and 90% of HIV-infected people get antiretroviral treatment. , And 90% of the patients receiving treatment have the virus suppressed.
Mao Qing, director of the Institute of Infectious Diseases of the First Affiliated Hospital of the Army Military Medical University (Third Military Medical University), and deputy chairman of the Chinese Medical Association's Medical Virology Branch, pointed out that the goal of treatment for HIV infection is to maximize the inhibition of virus replication and long-term Control the virus below the low detection line to preserve and restore the immune function of the infected person, thereby reducing the incidence and transmission rate of AIDS.
According to reports, the first antiretroviral drug was born in the 1980s. Since a single drug cannot solve the problem of HIV infection, the level of virus in the blood of the infected person whose symptoms were once controlled soon Rise again, and the virus will mutate to resist the effects of drugs.
Subsequently, a new strategy-Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) was proposed, which was later commonly known as cocktail therapy.
If an infected person uses more than three different mechanisms of drugs to inhibit the virus, it is expected to surpass the rate of mutation of the HIV virus.
Long-term effective antiretroviral therapy can control virus replication and reduce the viral load in the body to an undetectable level.
Currently, HIV infection cannot be cured.
Infected people need to take medication for life to achieve long-term viral suppression, and compliance with medication is essential.
In 2006, the world's first oral single-tablet drug for the complete treatment of HIV infection was approved, revolutionizing the treatment of HIV.
In 2018, bicenpronol tablets came out as the smallest triple compound single-tablet preparation based on integrase chain transfer inhibitors.
Zhu Xiaohong, deputy director of the Department of Pharmacy of Beijing You'an Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University, said that HIV-infected patients must strictly follow the "principle of compliance", that is, they need to take drugs regularly and for life every day to suppress the virus in the body.
The compound single-tablet medicine is small in size, easy to take, and can provide better compliance. The infected person only needs to take one medicine a day.
Experts pointed out that with the continuous development of medical standards, HIV has gradually changed from the past "century plague" to a preventable and controllable chronic disease like hypertension and diabetes.
Today's infected people can live like normal people if they can be detected early and treated with standardized and effective drugs.
Currently, HIV-infected people are no longer satisfied with the treatment goals of viral suppression, and more and more people have put forward higher requirements for the quality of life.
Therefore, international and domestic experts and scholars have called for "ensure that 90% of viral load suppressors have a good quality of life" as the fourth "90" target for AIDS control.
Mao Qing pointed out that past studies have shown that adverse drug reactions are significantly negatively correlated with HIV-infected people’s quality of life, physical health and mental health scores. Choosing drugs with higher safety and fewer adverse reactions can effectively improve the lives of HIV-infected people. quality.
In addition, adverse drug reactions can also affect the compliance and drug resistance of infected patients, which is critical to the success rate of long-term treatment.
At present, China's AIDS antiretroviral treatment is a "troika" payment model of free programs, self-funded programs and medical insurance payments to ensure the availability of drugs.
National free drugs have been able to meet the most basic clinical needs, but innovative therapeutic drugs have great advantages in terms of efficacy, safety, drug resistance, and drug compliance, but the price of drugs has once become a replacement for HIV-infected patients. Hinder.
Starting from January 1, 2020, the latest version of the "National Basic Medical Insurance, Work Injury Insurance, and Maternity Insurance Drug Catalog" has been officially launched, and the innovative drug E/C/F/TAF is the only HIV list. Tablet compound preparation therapeutic drugs, entered the 2019 National Medical Insurance Catalog.
Experts call for more innovative drugs to enter the national medical insurance system in the face of the need for more sophisticated medications and treatments for people living with HIV, so that people living with HIV can enjoy innovative drug treatments within an affordable range and provide long-term standardized treatment for people living with HIV. Improve the quality of life to provide a stronger guarantee.
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