Feature: Xi Jinping Commands China to Fight the Poor

　　Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, October 16 -

　　Xinhua News Agency reporter Meng Na Xu Lingui Zhang Bowen

　　On the seventh National Day for Poverty Alleviation and the 28th International Day for the Elimination of Poverty, China, under the leadership of General Secretary of the CPC Central Committee, President of the State, and Chairman of the Central Military Commission, is making the final sprint for poverty alleviation.

　　2020 is extraordinary, when the new crown pneumonia epidemic hits suddenly.

In early March, when the epidemic was severe, Xi Jinping presided over the largest poverty alleviation meeting since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China.

At the meeting, Xi Jinping said: "Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, we have adhered to the people-centered development philosophy and made it clear that by 2020, under the current standards in my country, the rural poor will be lifted out of poverty, all impoverished counties will be removed, and overall regional poverty will be resolved. Mission."

　　This means that the last 5 million poor people left in China will all be lifted out of poverty this year.

The last 52 poverty-stricken counties that are "poor in poverty and poverty in poverty" will all take off this year.

　　In September, Xi Jinping said at the 75th United Nations General Assembly: "Since this year, 1.4 billion Chinese people have not been afraid of hardships and have worked together to overcome the impact of the epidemic and speed up the restoration of production and life order. We are confident that we will build a well-off society in all respects as scheduled. The poverty alleviation of the rural poor under the current standards will be achieved as scheduled, and the poverty reduction goals of the United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development will be achieved 10 years ahead of schedule."

Commander-in-chief of precision poverty alleviation

　　The problem of poverty has existed in China for thousands of years.

Since the founding of the People’s Republic of China, especially after the reform and opening up, the anti-poverty war led by the Communist Party of China has continued to advance, lifting 700 million rural people out of poverty.

　　In 2012, after the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the baton of history passed to Xi Jinping.

At this time, there were still 98.99 million poor people in China.

　　China's anti-poverty struggle has entered a new stage.

International experience shows that when the number of poor people in a country accounts for less than 10% of the total population, poverty reduction has entered the "difficult stage."

　　The CCP promises that by 2020, all rural poor people will be lifted out of poverty under the current standards. This means that about 10 million people will be lifted out of poverty every year, nearly 1 million people will be lifted out of poverty every month, and about 20 people will be lifted out of poverty every minute.

This is a decisive battle entering the countdown stage, and it is also the hardest part of building a well-off society in an all-round way.

　　Xi Jinping said in a meeting with Chinese and foreign reporters after he was elected as the General Secretary of the First Plenary Session of the Eighteenth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China in November 2012: "The people's yearning for a better life is our goal."

　　More than a month later, Xi Jinping braved the severe cold of minus ten degrees Celsius and drove more than 300 kilometers to Fuping County, Hebei Province, which is located deep in the Taihang Mountains.

He walked into the homes of the people in need to visit, sat cross-legged on the kang, and his fellow villagers hand in hand, asking them in detail how much income they have in a year, whether there is enough food to eat, whether there are quilts for winter, enough coal for heating, and children’s education is far from going to school. Far, convenient and inconvenient to see a doctor.

　　One year later, in November 2013, Xi Jinping came to the impoverished Shibadong Village in western Hunan.

Shi Pazhuan, an aunt of the Miao nationality who is illiterate and unaware of the outside world, welcomed Xi Jinping into her home and asked Xi Jinping politely: "How do you call you?" Xi Jinping introduced herself: "I am the people's attendant."

　　At that time, he and his fellow villagers sat in a circle on the open space, and for the first time proposed "precise poverty alleviation"-to establish a file to find out the cause of poverty in each household, not to "grenade fleas", but to "embroider". effort.

　　Xi Jinping explained that “precise poverty alleviation” means to achieve precise poverty alleviation targets, poverty alleviation industries, poverty alleviation methods, and poverty alleviation results.

Under the guidance of Xi Jinping's "precise poverty alleviation" strategy, actions have been taken in all aspects from the central to the local level, from enterprises to schools.

From "borrowing chickens and laying eggs" to "microfinance", from "building roads if you want to get rich" to "helping the poor first", from "relocation" to "tourism poverty alleviation" and "e-commerce poverty alleviation", many unique The methods and methods continue to exert their effectiveness.

　　Xi Jinping put poverty alleviation under the centralized leadership of the CPC Central Committee.

He asked to uphold the party's leadership, strengthen organizational guarantees, and implement the responsibility system for the top leaders in poverty alleviation. The five secretaries of provinces, cities, counties and villages should work together to provide a strong political guarantee for poverty alleviation.

　　The "chains" at all levels of the Chinese Communist Party's ruling system are fully rotating.

A total of 255,000 working teams in villages were dispatched across the country, and more than 2.9 million cadres of party and government agencies and state-owned enterprises and institutions at or above the county level were selected to serve as first secretaries or cadres in poor villages and weak and scattered villages.

　　Xi Jinping held a series of special conferences to conduct research and deployment on winning the fight against poverty, including a forum on poverty alleviation and prosperity in the old revolutionary area in Yan'an in 2015, and a forum on poverty alleviation in some provinces, regions and municipalities and economic and social development during the 13th Five-Year Plan period in Guiyang. A symposium on poverty alleviation cooperation between the east and west was held in Yinchuan in 2016, a symposium on poverty alleviation in deeply impoverished areas was held in Taiyuan in 2017, a symposium on targeted poverty alleviation was held in Chengdu in 2018, and a symposium on “two no worries and three guarantees” was held in Chongqing in 2019 "Symposium on outstanding issues.

　　Each meeting focuses on one topic.

Before each meeting, Xi Jinping first went to poor areas to investigate, understand the situation on the spot, listen to the opinions of the grassroots cadres and the masses, and according to what he learned, call the responsible comrades of the relevant provinces to make work arrangements.

　　At the forum on decisive victory over poverty alleviation in March this year, the main leaders of all provinces, regions and cities participated. The 22 provinces in the central and western regions that signed the poverty alleviation responsibility letter to the central government opened up to the county level.

　　Xi Jinping explained his consideration of this rare action in this way: "At the beginning of this year, I considered taking a field trip to invite all responsible comrades in relevant places, especially impoverished counties that have not yet taken off their hats, to have a meeting to study the decisive battle against poverty. Deployment. After the outbreak of the new crown pneumonia epidemic, I also considered waiting for the epidemic to be effectively controlled before going to the local area, but I also felt that there will be less than 10 months before the full schedule this year, which is 300 days per day, and the goal of poverty alleviation will be achieved on schedule. The mission has a lot of hard bones to gnaw, and the epidemic has increased the difficulty. It is necessary to mobilize and deploy again as soon as possible."

　　Xi Jinping has a whole set of plans and arrangements for the fight against poverty.

He asked to ensure that the goal of "two no worries and three guarantees" is achieved on schedule, that is, no worries about food, no worries about clothing, compulsory education, basic medical care, and housing security.

He pointed out that "Grasping education is the fundamental plan for poverty alleviation and development"; "Doing everything possible to stop the intergenerational transmission of poverty"; "The cooperation and counterpart assistance in poverty alleviation between the east and the west is a major measure to achieve the goal of getting rich first and helping later, and ultimately achieving the goal of common prosperity. ".

　　He pointed out that "immigrant relocation is an effective way to fight poverty."

The relocation of immigrants should fully solicit the opinions of the farmers and let them participate in the planning of the new village.

The construction of new villages should be combined with the development of production and employment promotion, and the improvement of basic public services.

　　Xi Jinping said many times that the key to poverty alleviation must be "effectively preventing formalism, no fancy, no red tape, no superficial writing", "the results of poverty alleviation must be true, so that the effect of poverty alleviation must be truly recognized by the masses and can stand the test of practice and history." , The key to poverty alleviation is to "never retreat without a complete victory."

　　The famous Russian sinologist Yuri Tavrovsky said: "China has been striving to overcome poverty in recent decades. With Xi Jinping in power, this struggle has developed particularly rapidly. Because of the foundation of the "Chinese Dream" It was precisely before the 100th anniversary of the founding of the Communist Party of China to defeat poverty."

"One cannot be less"

　　"For many years, I have been dealing with poverty alleviation. In fact, I came out of poverty." At the end of the 1960s, 15-year-old Xi Jinping came to the Liangjiahe Brigade, Shaanxi, and started working as an educated youth who has worked hard for 7 years but has benefited for life. Years-living in a cave, sleeping in a kang, enduring flea bites, leading the villagers to dig wells, repair silt dams, repair terraces, and build biogas digesters.

He joined the Communist Party of China here and served as the party branch secretary of the brigade.

His biggest wish at the time was to "let the folks have a meaty meal."

　　Later, Xi Jinping moved to Zhengding, Hebei, as the county party secretary. He took the risk and took off the hat of "high-yield poor county." In Ningde, Fujian, he served as the secretary of the prefectural party committee. He led the exploration of the road to poverty alleviation that "weak birds fly first"... , And then to the central government, he always "expends the most energy" on poverty alleviation.

　　Xi Jinping has repeatedly emphasized that "poverty is not socialism."

In the fight against poverty, he always adhered to the people's supremacy and people-centeredness, and emphasized that "eliminating poverty, improving people's livelihood, and gradually achieving common prosperity are the essential requirements of socialism and an important mission of our party."

　　"What Secretary Xi has made me feel most is that he always puts the warmth and warmth of the people first." said Zhao Ruqi, a cadre who has worked with Xi Jinping at the grassroots level in Fujian.

　　In the fight against poverty, Xi Jinping personally took command, personally set off for war, and personally supervised the war.

Xi Jinping said: "I advocate the spirit of nailing nails, and this has to start with me! I will grasp this matter repeatedly with the spirit of nailing nails."

　　Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, Xi Jinping has conducted about 80 domestic inspections, and poverty alleviation is one of the important themes.

He came to a village at an altitude of 2,000 meters to visit old party members and people in need; he braved the freezing temperature of minus 30 degrees Celsius to visit difficult forestry workers in border towns, inspected the cellar, touched the fire wall, and watched the New Year goods; he came to the Red Army martyrs The family of the descendants carefully inspected the kitchen, bedroom, backyard and toilet, and asked about any difficulties and wishes; he walked into the smart temperature-controlled greenhouse in the agricultural park and talked with the working villagers about how to get rid of poverty; he came to the homes of ethnic minority villagers , Understand employment, income, medical treatment, social security, etc.

　　"A person who is a good country will meet the people like a parent's beloved son, a brother's beloved brother, and feel hungry and cold, and see his hard work and sadness." Xi Jinping cited this in his keynote speech at the 2015 Poverty Reduction and Development High-level Forum In other words, this is a portrayal of his devotion to poverty alleviation for many years.

　　Xi Jinping emphasized that our party members and cadres must have such a consciousness: as long as there is one family, one household, or even one person who does not solve the basic life problems, we can't rest assured.

He often said, "To build a moderately prosperous society in an all-round way, more than 1.3 billion Chinese people, none of them can be less"; "To build a well-off society in an all-round way, no nation can be less"; "To build a well-off society in an all-round way, one cannot be less, especially not to forget. "Old districts"; "To build a well-off society in an all-round way is a solemn promise our party has made to the people and history, and is the common expectation of more than 1.3 billion Chinese people."

　　After taking office as General Secretary, Xi Jinping has traveled to 14 concentrated and contiguous areas of extreme poverty in the country in more than four years.

From the high slopes of the loess to the snow-covered plateau, from the old revolutionary base to the ethnic regions, from the earthquake-stricken area to the border of the motherland, sometimes, to get to a village, he would transfer to a train and then take a car to reach a village.

In Huaxi Village, Zhongyi Township, Shizhu Tujia Autonomous County, Chongqing, Xi Jinping said, "I changed three modes of transportation to get here, just to understand on the ground whether the'two no worries and three guarantees' have really landed."

　　Xi Jinping is on the front line of poverty alleviation. In addition to visiting poor households, he also focuses on industrial poverty alleviation, e-commerce poverty alleviation, and tourism poverty alleviation.

In April 2020, in Shaanxi, Xi Jinping came to the core area of ​​the destitute area to visit farmers and factories.

In front of the Jinmi Village live broadcast platform, he "liked" the local "small fungus, big industry" video that swept the whole Internet.

According to media reports, 20 million netizens rushed to Taobao, three live broadcast rooms were launched at the same time, and more than 20 tons of fungus were sold out.

Xi Jinping was affectionately called "the strongest carrier" by netizens.

　　Ismat Bekmuratov, a professor at the Tashkent National Institute of Oriental Studies in Uzbekistan, believes that China’s poverty reduction achievements are mainly attributed to the Chinese leaders’ efforts to put poverty alleviation at an important position in the country’s development, and to visit the poorest areas in person to get to know them personally. The masses are suffering, leading a nationwide fight against poverty.

　　Former Prime Minister Jala Nath Kanal of Nepal said: “General Secretary Xi Jinping has invested a lot of energy in China’s poverty alleviation work. He often goes to the front line, personally inspects poverty-stricken areas and makes decisions and deployments on poverty alleviation work, and strives to solve the problems of the people. The difficulties encountered in food, clothing, housing, transportation, basic education, and medical services have made great and admirable efforts to improve the living standards of the poor in China."

　　In 1997, Xi Jinping, then deputy secretary of the Fujian Provincial Party Committee and leader of the Fujian Provincial counterpart to Ningxia leading group, came to Ningxia for the first time.

One of his key points in helping Ningxia alleviate poverty is to solve the water problem.

He grasped the well and cellar project to solve the people's domestic water problem; encouraged small round wells to pump water to solve the industrial water problem.

　　In July 2016, Xi Jinping came to Yangling Village, Dawan Township, Jingyuan County, Ningxia to visit his fathers and villagers, and inspected the situation of targeted poverty alleviation.

During the inspection, Xi Jinping paid particular attention to the shower facilities in the villagers' homes.

Hearing that the solar water heater was installed, Xi Jinping said "very good", and asked the little boy in the family with concern: "Do you often take a bath?"

　　"Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, I have visited poor areas every year. In the past few years, the mountain roads were bumpy and bumped into the village. On a sunny day, there were dusty roads, and the roads were muddy on rainy days. Some impoverished people do not eat meat several times a year, many children do not go to school or drop out of school, many people basically rely on the burden of sickness, and it is indeed very heavy. In the past few years, I went to some poor villages and saw The real changes, the roads are smooth and smooth, the new houses are connected together, and the poor people have no problem with food and clothing. I am very happy to see the sincere and honest smiles on the faces of the people." Xi Jinping's decisive battle in March 2020 Said at the seminar on decisive victory over poverty.

Miracles in human history

　　Xi Jinping said: "The absolute poverty that has existed in the Chinese nation for thousands of years will be solved historically in the hands of our generation."

　　China's poor population has dropped from 98.99 million at the end of 2012 to 5.51 million at the end of 2019, and poverty has been reduced by more than 10 million annually for seven consecutive years.

During the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period, the per capita net income of the poverty-stricken people nationwide has increased from 4124 yuan in 2016 to 9057 yuan in 2019, an average annual increase of 30%.

Many rural people have made a qualitative leap in their lives.

　　"I used to grow potatoes and corn and earn 2,000 yuan a year; now my eldest daughter and son are working in travel companies, and each earns 2,100 yuan per month." In Fuping County, Hebei, the 72-year-old hostess of Luotuo Bay No. 1 Yard Gu Baoqing introduced to tourists.

The changes of Gu's family are a microcosm of poverty alleviation by tourism in China's rural areas.

　　Industrial poverty alleviation has helped many farmers out of their predicament.

Chongqing Shizhu County on the south bank of the Yangtze River focuses on the development of ecological industries such as Chinese medicinal materials, Chinese bee breeding, and characteristic fruits and vegetables.

Tan Dengzhou, a villager in Huaxi Village, became poor due to illness. The village mobilized him to join the beekeeping industry, which is not labor-intensive, and increased his income by several thousand yuan a year.

　　In the past five years, more than 9 million poor people in China have been lifted out of poverty through poverty alleviation and relocation.

Yang Qingzhong, a farmer in Bijie, Guizhou, used to live in an earth-stone hut with a size of more than 40 square meters. He and his wife and youngest son squeezed into one bed, and his daughters squeezed into another bed.

After the relocation in 2018, his family of 6 people moved into a reinforced concrete building allocated by the government, with four bedrooms, two bathrooms and one living room. He himself found a job weaving rattan chairs in the poverty alleviation workshop.

　　Yunnan Zhenxiong County People's Hospital and West China Hospital of Sichuan University jointly run medical services, set up a green channel for poor households, and opened remote joint consultations with well-known hospitals in Beijing and Shanghai.

Dean Hu Yi said: “Poverty due to illness is one of the biggest problems in rural areas. Through medical poverty alleviation, people can not leave the village for minor illnesses and the county for serious illnesses.”

　　With the continuous deepening of poverty alleviation, the "straight through ethnic groups" in southwestern China-the ethnic groups that transitioned directly from the end of primitive society or slave society to socialist society at the beginning of New China-gradually got rid of millennial poverty and accelerated the embrace of modern civilization.

　　"Poverty alleviation is only the first step, and better days are yet to come." In April 2019, Xi Jinping wrote back to the villagers in Dulongjiang Township, Gongshan County, Yunnan, congratulating the Dulong tribe on their poverty alleviation. it is good.

　　Yunnan Zhaotong is the prefecture-level city with the largest number of poor people in China.

Yang Yalin, secretary of the Municipal Party Committee, said that in 2015, General Secretary Xi Jinping visited Zhaotong and gave instructions on poverty alleviation.

"We implemented the requirements of the General Secretary, targeted poverty alleviation, and cultivated the '6 tens of billions' industries of potato, apple, bamboo, characteristic breeding, gastrodia, and peppercorns, which attracted worldwide attention. In August this year, the World Potato Conference awarded Zhaotong the World The title of the potato planting capital of the potato plateau."

　　China’s achievement of eliminating absolute poverty this year means that the world’s most populous country will achieve the poverty reduction goals of the United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development 10 years ahead of schedule.

UN Secretary-General Guterres once stated that China has made the greatest contribution to global poverty reduction in the past 10 years.

　　China's poverty alleviation under the leadership of Xi Jinping has effectively promoted the anti-poverty process of mankind.

In September 2015, Xi Jinping, on behalf of the Chinese government, proposed a series of new measures to help developing countries develop their economies and improve people’s livelihoods at the series of summits on the 70th anniversary of the founding of the United Nations in September 2015, including the establishment of a “South-South Cooperation Assistance Fund” and continuing to increase support for the least developed countries. State investment, establishment of South-South Cooperation and Development College, etc.

　　Said Mriso, a Tanzanian student who graduated from the Institute of South-South Cooperation and Development, said: “China’s assistance to Africa is not limited to financial assistance. What’s more important is that Chinese companies are developing local infrastructure and establishing projects and factories to help African countries. Achieve broader and longer-term development."

　　Since 2013, China has helped countries along the route increase employment and improve people’s livelihood through the “Belt and Road” initiative.

According to data from the Ministry of Commerce of China, despite the impact of the epidemic, from January to July 2020, Chinese companies invested 72.18 billion yuan in non-financial direct investment in 54 countries along the “Belt and Road” route, an increase of 33.2% year-on-year.

A research report from the World Bank once proposed that the “Belt and Road” initiative will lift approximately 7.6 million people out of extreme poverty and 32 million people out of moderate poverty in relevant countries.

　　Twenty years ago, during his tenure as governor of Fujian Province, Xi Jinping promoted the implementation of Fujian’s aid to the demonstration project of planting technology of Juncao and upland rice in the East Highlands Province of Papua New Guinea.

The Juncao project, which has functions such as sand control, animal husbandry, power generation, and new material development, has spread to more than 100 countries, giving developing countries in Africa, Asia, and the South Pacific more hope of poverty alleviation.

　　In June 2018, the General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Lao People's Revolutionary Party and State President Boon Yang came to Eighteen Caves Village to explore the Chinese experience of "precise poverty alleviation".

When Bunyang visited the village along the route taken by General Secretary Xi Jinping, what he saw was a red development scene-the former 3.5-meter-wide winding mountain road became a 6-meter-wide concrete road. A stone road was built at the door of the house, and every household was connected to tap water.

There are walking trails in the village, post office, self-service teller machine, farmhouse, and the farmhouse bookstore and poetry club have been established in cooperation with cultural companies.

　　“In Shibadong Village, I have witnessed the effectiveness of poverty alleviation in China’s impoverished and remote areas, and further felt the leadership style of General Secretary Xi Jinping.” Benyang said, “General Secretary Xi Jinping not only has the world in mind and the country, but also cares about ethnic minorities The production and life of the Lao People’s Republic of China is very worthy of serious study by the Lao People’s Revolutionary Party.

　　China's anti-poverty struggle is winning a victory that has attracted worldwide attention.

But Xi Jinping has repeatedly emphasized that poverty alleviation is not the end, but the starting point for a new life and a new struggle.

　　In September this year, Xi Jinping came to Hunan Province again for inspection.

This time, he particularly emphasized: establishing and improving a long-term mechanism for preventing poverty.

　　During the inspection, Xi Jinping also proposed that it is necessary to conduct in-depth research on the effective connection between comprehensive poverty alleviation and rural revitalization, and make new arrangements: continue to select and send the first secretary to the village.

　　Xi Jinping has the chance to complete China's poverty alleviation goals and tasks on schedule and eliminate the absolute poverty that has plagued the Chinese nation for thousands of years, and he is launching a new plan for China after a comprehensively well-off China.