The data bag records the poverty alleviation account book of a poor household in the whole process of precise poverty alleviation (in-depth observation)
Picture ①: Guo Yufa took the ox and the donkey home.
Photo by Liu Kun
Picture ②: Guo Yufa and Li Sannv broke off the corn cob to check the maturity of the corn.
Photo by Liu Kun
Picture ③: Guo Yufa's information kit of poor households.
Photo by Liu Kun
Picture④: Industry instructor Li Shu (first from left) came to provide Guo Yufa with guidance on autumn harvest and planting.
Photo by Zhong Zhenjun
How hard does a poor household work?
This is an ordinary day for Guo Yufa, a poor household in No. 23 Village, Chengguan Town, Xinghe County, Inner Mongolia: I wake up at 4:30 in the morning to feed the cows and donkeys, have breakfast, go out and put the cows and donkeys on the beach at dawn. I went to harvest corn, and then harvested after lunch, took the ox and the donkey home after dark, and prepared the fodder for the next day after dinner.
Day after day of work all year round, 57-year-old Guo Yufa has a lean figure and a dark complexion.
Because his family was poor, he got married at the age of 42.
His wife Li Sannv suffered two serious illnesses in a row and owed 200,000 yuan in debt.
Guo Yufa thought that poverty would accompany him throughout his life.
"If the party's policies were not good, no matter how hard I worked, I would never count on it." Targeted poverty alleviation completely changed Guo Yufa's life trajectory: in just a few years, he has become a leader in poverty alleviation and prosperity in the village.
How did Guo Yufa get rid of poverty and become rich?
The reporter opened his family’s poverty-stricken household information bag, listened to him calculate and help the account, and told the story of poverty alleviation behind the account book.
Health poverty alleviation and burden reduction——
90% reimbursement for hospitalization, 4000 yuan a year subsidy for taking medicine, more than half of medical expenses, and a rush of days
Open the first page of Guo Yufa's poverty alleviation manual, and the cause of poverty is very clear-due to illness.
In February 2012, Li Sannv suffered a cerebral infarction and was hospitalized for 42 days in the Mongolian Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Xinghe County. The cost of more than 60,000 yuan has completely emptied the savings that had been saved for 7 years to build a new house.
Misfortune never comes singly.
In October of the same year, Li Sannv was admitted to the Ulan Qab Central Hospital due to a heart attack, spending a total of more than 230,000 yuan.
Guo Yufa borrowed all of his relatives, and the final 60,000 yuan was collected by the villagers from 500 to 1,000.
In order to save money, Guo Yufa only ate one meal a day when he was in bed in the hospital.
Two serious illnesses in a row caused Guo Yufa's family to fall into poverty.
"I really can't afford it! When I came back from the hospital, my family couldn't even get the money for the package of salt." Recalling that time, Li Sannv's eyes burst into tears.
After the operation, Li Sannv still needs to stay in the hospital twice a year to treat the sequelae of cerebral infarction, and usually take medicine for a long time. After the New Rural Cooperative Medical System is reimbursed, he will also spend 13,000 yuan a year.
Although Guo Yufa is busy every day from morning to night, his annual income, except for his wife’s medical treatment and medicine, is little left, which makes him unable to see the hope of life: "This bottomless pit, when can it be filled?"
At the end of 2015, the Central Poverty Alleviation and Development Work Conference sounded the storm of poverty alleviation, and Guo Yufa's family was identified as a poor household with a registered card.
But Guo Yufa was still depressed in the hopelessness of life: he helped the cadres to mobilize him to renovate the dilapidated house, and he went back directly: if you have a place to live, you have to pay for it yourself to build the house. What do I take to see my wife?
The healthy poverty alleviation policy gave Guo Yufa hope.
In 2016, Li Sannv was hospitalized for the sequelae of cerebral infarction. In the past, she had to pay more than 4,000 yuan once, but this time she only paid more than 800 yuan.
"Dare to feel that this precise poverty alleviation policy is very useful!" Guo Yufa felt that the burden on his shoulders was a lot lighter, and the days had a head start.
"The policies of the party and the government are really great! The cost of seeing a doctor has been reduced a lot, and there is no need to delay if you are sick." Li Sannv took out a small stack of hospital reimbursement bills from the kit and gave one to the reporter. Look: In March of this year, she had a cholecystitis operation at Ulan Qab Central Hospital. The total cost was 16,143 yuan, and she only paid 10%.
The burden of taking medicine is also much lighter.
"Heart rate is normal and blood pressure is normal. I still have to take medicine on time and take a good rest." The village doctor Guo Dianyong who came to follow up took off his stethoscope and told him.
Li Sannv is one of the 26 chronically ill patients in the 23rd village he is responsible for. Every month he will deliver medicines to Li Sannv: 1 box of Wenxin granules, 5 bottles of warfarin sodium tablets and 3 boxes of Jingqi Shuangshen capsules.
"In the past, these drugs cost 10,000 yuan a year. Now the government subsidizes 4,000 yuan, plus hospital reimbursement, and the burden of seeing a doctor and taking medicine a year has been reduced by more than half." Li Sannv counted.
"Give medicine to your door to save money and time. Warfarin sodium tablets are not available in this medicine county. I used to have to take a bus for more than an hour to buy them on the market, which delayed a lot of farm work." Guo Yufa added. Tao.
“Poverty alleviation through health has greatly reduced the burden of the poor for seeing a doctor and taking medicine, and blocked the “holes” that cause poverty due to illness.” Liu Xiaohui, deputy director of the Xinghe County Medical Insurance Bureau, said that the county’s poverty rate due to illness exceeds 50% and is currently poor. 90% of the reimbursement for hospitalization of households is achieved, and full coverage has been achieved for family doctors signing contracts and delivering medicines for chronic diseases.
Industrial poverty alleviation and income increase——
"Ordering food" helps to pull the roots of the poor, farming and breeding at all costs, scientific cattle breeding has become a soil expert
Health and poverty alleviation has "tightened" the money bag, and if you want to live a good life, you have to raise the money bag.
In 2017, Wang Chongli, the then village party secretary, approached Guo Yufa: The government is engaged in “order-to-meal” industry poverty alleviation, and the government provides subsidies for what you want to do.
Guo Yufa summed up, "I'm good at farming and breeding. Then raise a donkey and focus more on your relatives' key points!"
"'Order-style' industrial poverty alleviation has truly achieved precise measures." Li Xian, deputy secretary of the Xinghe County Party Committee, introduced that the city has developed a catalog of industrial subsidies to support the development of poor households around the local leading industries such as potatoes, grains, cattle and sheep. , Poor households independently determine suitable industrial projects.
As of the end of last year, Xinghe County had invested a total of 864 million yuan in food-ordering industry poverty alleviation projects, covering 9,864 poor people.
Buying donkeys received a subsidy of 5,500 yuan, and a subsidy of 1,000 yuan for planting. The support policy of real money inspired Guo Yufa's enthusiasm.
In order to improve the breeding grounds, Guo Yufa has made extraordinary efforts.
His wife can't do the heavy work. He takes on all the farm work alone. In order to let the cows eat a lot of meat, he has to feed them twice at night. "Others usually feed them only once at night, so I think it's okay to work harder! "
Under Guo Yufa's meticulous care, in March 2018, he sold a donkey foal and a calf, earning more than 10,000 yuan.
The couple was so happy, and Penfolds became more energetic.
Soon, the industry subsidized 6,600 yuan, raised 1,400 yuan, and Guo Yufa bought another cow.
Breeding is a technical job. Industry instructor Li Shu called Guo Yufa to attend the training several times, but he found an excuse not to go, "I haven't raised it before, so why waste this time?"
However, after buying the new cow for a month, he began to show symptoms of cough and fever. When Guo Yufa called the vet, it was too late.
"A strong bull is gone if you don't have it!" Guo Yufa felt sorry for it.
"It seems that breeding can't rely solely on experience and hard work, but also on science." After learning from the pain, he took the initiative to find Li Shu and asked for training.
After that, training sessions were held in the villages and villages, and even if he was busy, Guo Yufa never stopped.
He pays great attention to applying what he has learned: the pens are often cleaned, kept dry, and regularly disinfected; the open space in front of the yard is transformed into a place for cattle and donkeys; when the calves are born, the cows will cook millet porridge for half a month... When it comes to problems that he can't solve, he will rush to the veterinarian Wu Zhiguo for help.
Zhao Hua, director of the Poverty Alleviation Office of the Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Science and Technology Bureau of Xinghe County, introduced that in order to help poor households get rid of poverty, the county has established a technical guidance system for poverty alleviation industry of "experts + industry instructors + poor households".
322 industry instructors went deep into the front line, visited door to preach policies, guided poor households to choose industries, and carried out technical guidance.
In the WeChat group, experts always answer technical consultations from poor households.
Guo Yufa learned a lot of techniques from Wu Zhiguo.
Slowly, he also became a soil expert in the village. Whose cattle is about to calf, or whose donkey has a small problem, will ask him for help.
Villager Guo Yuewang praised it with a thumbs up: "Er Suo (Guo Yufa's nickname) is really a good hand, and the calf he delivered has never died!"
"The policy is so good, and the cadres are so helpful to me, you have to do it hard!" Guo Yufa was full of strength.
In the autumn harvest of the previous year, the harvester cut down the corn. The next day was forecast to rain, so he worked in the field for a day and a night.
When the cows were about to give birth, he was particularly concerned, and often got up two or three times at night.
The policy is good and people work hard. At the end of 2017, a poverty alleviation notice was sent to Guo Yu's home and put in the information bag: the per capita net income was 4153 yuan, and the "two no worries and three guarantees" were fully realized and reached the poverty alleviation standard.
In 2018, Guo Yufajia officially took off his hat and withdrew.
Poverty alleviation through education will help "Tomorrow"——
The child is eager to school and he is satisfied in all aspects. The old Guo family has great hope
Guo Yufa and his wife are very happy because the expenditure on medical treatment and medicine has decreased and the income from the development of the industry has increased. It is their daughter Guo Lele who makes the couple feel that life is full of hope.
In this fall semester, Guo Lele went to Jining No. 7 Middle School in the city to attend junior high school.
"The child became the class leader, and the monthly test scores were the top three in the class. I am really grateful to Deputy Mayor Liu and the others for their help!" Guo Yufa felt that spending more money should make the child study hard. It seems this is the right step.
The deputy mayor Liu mentioned by Guo Yufa is Liu Shifeng, the deputy mayor of Chengguan Town who helped his family in pairs.
Looking at Guo Lele’s excellent grades and comprehensive development during elementary school, he suggested that Guo Yufa let his children go to middle school in the city. “There is an education policy for poverty alleviation, and it will cost little more.
This is the second time Guo Lele has chosen a school.
In 2014, Lele should go to elementary school.
There are few students in the village primary school. Where should I go to school in the county for accommodation?
After the couple discussed, Guo Yufa decided to send the child to the county experimental primary school.
"In the past few years, my brother-in-law went out to do construction work and asked me to follow the bookkeeping. He wanted to help us, but our education level was low, so it wasn't that material, and I couldn't go back in a few days. The child said nothing. Take my old road!"
"It's more expensive to study in the city. The family is poor, and the children do not suffer less!" Li Sannv recalled that the children boarded at the "small dining table" near the school for 800 yuan a month; in order to take her home on weekends, Li San The woman deliberately found an acquaintance who opened a rental in the city, 20 yuan a week.
"For me, the money is not a small amount. I often owe the money for the car, let alone take out the extra money to buy it earlier."
Every Sunday, Li Sannv will bake 5 flour-bread cakes with pickles pickled at home. This is the child's breakfast for a week.
"Seeing other students eating bread and milk for breakfast, sometimes I really admire it." Guo Lele said.
In the third grade, Guo Lele began to enjoy the educational poverty alleviation policy: a living allowance of 1,890 yuan and a transportation allowance of 300 yuan for one academic year.
"With these subsidies, it will be easier for the children to go to school." Every Sunday, Li Sannv will buy milk, bread, and biscuits for her daughter, and let her take away for breakfast.
With enough nutrition, Guo Lele, who was thinner than his peers, started to jump.
"Education for poverty alleviation is to make the children of poor families afford to go to school, use knowledge to change their destiny, and block the intergenerational transmission of poverty." said Kang Maozhong, inspector of the Xinghe County Education Bureau. Since the fight against poverty, students from poor families in all schools in the county have Sharing has received education funding of 68.38 million yuan for 15,475 people, and none of the children in the compulsory education stage are out of school due to poverty.
Educational poverty alleviation, in addition to material assistance, spiritual assistance is equally important.
There are many extracurricular books in Guo Lele's room, many of which were given to her by Liu Shifeng.
"Books can open more windows to children's growth." Liu Shifeng often encourages Guo Lele, "Good boy, read more books, study hard, and then go to a good university."
The school teachers also took special care of Guo Lele.
Every time in class, the teacher Lu Jufen, the head teacher, found that Lele had "abnormalities" such as lack of concentration, she would ask her the reason after class and try to help her solve the problem together.
Guo Lele loves reading and writing.
Lu Jufen often called her to the office to approve the composition: patiently explain sentence by sentence, and see if there is a better way to express the sentence.
Guo Lele is very perceptive and makes rapid progress.
Her composition "My Dad" won the first prize of the 15th National Primary and Secondary School Students "Innovation Cup" Essay Competition.
The self-reliant and self-disciplined Guo Lele grows up in a healthy and sunny manner.
The five or six certificates she won are posted on the walls of the house.
Looking at the certificate, Guo Yufa and his wife smiled brightly, "My daughter is very pleased, my family has great hope!"
Hat off policy
After getting rid of poverty, we will be more motivated, and there will be ways to increase income steadily.
In 2018, Guo Yufa got rid of poverty.
How to consolidate and improve the results of poverty alleviation after removing the hat?
Liu Shifeng saw that Guo Yufa had the skills and enthusiasm for breeding, and mobilized him to apply for a 50,000 yuan poverty alleviation microloan. In 2019, he bought two more cows.
In order to increase income, Li Shu instructed Guo Yufa to adjust the planting structure: grow enough fodder and auxiliary materials for cows and donkeys, and use the remaining land to grow rations, miscellaneous grains, and cash crops. Can increase."
The scale of planting and breeding has been expanded, the structure is reasonable, and the income has increased significantly. The understanding card in 2019 shows that the net income of Guo Yufa's family has reached 11,201 yuan.
In that year, Guo Yufa was named a leader in poverty alleviation and prosperity. On October 17th, National Poverty Alleviation Day, he participated in the county commendation activities.
When he put on a big red flower and drove the prize-an electric tricycle back to the village, men, women and children gave him thumbs up.
This year, the village also ushered in a happy event-the whole village was lifted out of poverty.
"But the task of consolidating the results of poverty alleviation is not light." The village party secretary Wang Xiaobing has a clear understanding: the poverty alleviation industry as a whole is still dominated by traditional planting and breeding, with relatively narrow market channels and relatively large price fluctuations.
To promote stability and poverty alleviation, all parties have made efforts.
Broaden channels for increasing revenue.
“The spinach grown in the village in the first half of the year was supplied to the Beijing market and was very popular. We plan to introduce owners and give priority to impoverished households to expand the scale of off-season vegetable cultivation.” Wang Xiaobing said, so that the villagers’ land transfer fee can be quadrupled, and they can still work. One day an income of 150 yuan.
"Through financial rewards and subsidies, the poor laborers are encouraged to find jobs." Wang Yuxing, the first secretary of the village, said that overcoming the impact of the new crown pneumonia epidemic, another 38 poor households have stably achieved "employment for one person and poverty alleviation for the whole family."
Play an insurance role.
Wen Long, deputy director of the Xinghe County Poverty Alleviation Office, introduced that while the county promotes "order-to-meal" industrial poverty alleviation, it also supports the promotion of planting and breeding insurance to improve the industry’s ability to resist risks; promotes poverty prevention insurance, and establishes complete monitoring and assistance to prevent poverty. Support mechanism to prevent poverty-stricken households from returning to poverty and marginal households from falling into poverty.
Extend the industrial chain.
Fu Haiqing, secretary of the Xinghe County Party Committee, told reporters that in order to allow traditional industries such as animal husbandry and breeding to drive the income of poor people to increase steadily, the county introduced slaughtering and processing production lines, taking advantage of convenient transportation and well-developed logistics, so that Xinghe’s fresh beef and mutton can be produced on the same day. Go to the table of Beijing residents.
In Chengguan Town, a slaughter production line and a beef jerky processing plant will be put into operation immediately.
No worries about sales, Guo Yufa is more motivated.
This year, Wang Yuxing helped him apply for subsidies for the construction of sheds and the purchase of agricultural machinery and tools of 12,000 yuan. Guo Yufa expanded the sheds by adding a feed grinder and an agricultural tricycle. The breeding scale of cattle and donkeys increased to 10, and the planting scale reached More than 50 acres.
"The four cows are all'pregnant'. I am going to take advantage of the good market situation this year and sell all the new calves. The income of sixty to seventy thousand yuan is not a problem. When the price of the cows comes down, I will make up the bar." Guo Yufa introduced. Own "Getting Rich Sutra".
Talking about his next plan, Guo Yufa smiled on his wrinkled face, “Now that the policy is so good, it’s even more important to work hard. Raise more cattle in various places and confess his daughter. From now on, a good life will be good. Yes! I designate this bag to be useless in the future, but I want to keep it away." Guo Yufa said while packing up the information bag.
Layout design: Zhang Fangman
A strong testimony of precise poverty alleviation (Reporter's Notes)
Opened Guo Yufa’s poor household information bag. In 2016, 90% of the hospitalization reimbursement for health and poverty alleviation was 90%, the industry subsidy for poverty alleviation was 6,500 yuan in 2017, and the education and poverty alleviation subsidy was 2,190 yuan in 2018...Behind every poverty alleviation policy and every help account , There are touching stories of precision poverty alleviation.
In the interview, every time Guo Yufa and his wife told a story, they praised the poverty alleviation policies for their efforts and the hard work of helping cadres.
This is the most simple gratitude of the farmer for their help, and it is also the gratitude from the heart.
Indeed, there is no good policy for targeted poverty alleviation, and there is no help from poor cadres, so how can Guo Yufa’s family have a good life now?
During the interview, Guo Yufa's hard work, hard work, and full of energy were impressive.
He worked intensively every day, worked hard, studied hard, and spent more than ordinary hard work in exchange for a good life full of hope.
Such poor households are respectable and worth learning.
Every poor household has such a kit.
More than 29 million such kits have recorded the journey of more than 29 million poor households out of poverty to a well-off society, and also condensed the journey of our country’s fight against poverty.
This is the great decisive battle of the Chinese nation against poverty.
The Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at the core has placed poverty alleviation in a prominent position in governance, established a poverty alleviation system, and introduced a series of targeted poverty alleviation policies.
Millions of poverty alleviation cadres at all levels are fighting on the front line of poverty alleviation. Through assistance, good policies can take root, and the "poverty alleviation flower" for the impoverished people will be "getting rich."
Tens of millions of poor people, with the help of policies and assistance, are fighting hard on their poverty alleviation "battlefield", trading blood and sweat for smiles and hard work for happiness.
The whole country has set goals, overcome difficulties, resolutely defeated poverty alleviation, and resolutely fulfilled the hard task of a comprehensive well-off.
This is a great miracle in the history of human anti-poverty.
With good policies and hard work, my country’s poverty population has decreased from 98.99 million at the end of 2012 to 5.51 million at the end of 2019. By the end of this year, the absolute poverty problem that has plagued the Chinese nation for thousands of years will come to an end. Achieve the poverty reduction goals of the United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development in 10 years.
No other country in the world can help so many people out of poverty in such a short period of time. This is a great legend in the history of human development!
Our reporter Gu Zhongyang