Text | Wang Chunrui
It has always been a suspense who will spend the tenth national central city.
The cities of Nanjing, Hangzhou, Changsha, Fuzhou, Xiamen, Qingdao, Jinan, and Shenyang proposed to build national central cities early on, and Hefei and Nanchang also joined them later.
At the two sessions this year, some representatives suggested that Kunming should be included in the national central city construction plan.
Recently, Changchun has also spread the signal to compete for the national central city.
Recently, Professor Zhao Huimin, deputy secretary of the Party Committee of Jilin University of Finance and Economics, published the "Suggestion to Seize the Opportunity to Promote Changchun's Application for the National Central City Work", and received affirmative approval from Jilin Provincial Party Committee and Governor Jing Junhai. Changchun's application for the concept of a national central city surfaced.
According to incomplete statistics, there are already 12 cities that have the intention to compete for the title of the tenth national central city, and the competition is fierce.
Overall, these cities have their own advantages and characteristics, so who is most likely to win?
Shenyang and Changchun have more obvious geographical competitive advantages
The national central city is the highest level planned for China's urban system.
The 2007 National Urban System Planning (2006-2020) (hereinafter referred to as the "Plan") pointed out that national central cities are the core cities of the national urban system.
It plays an important role as a center and hub in my country's finance, management, culture, and transportation, and also plays an important role in promoting international economic development and cultural exchanges.
Therefore, centrality and internationality are the two basic characteristics of national central cities.
The national central city must be the center of the region.
Judging from the current 9 national central cities, they are the cores of the regions and urban agglomerations.
Beijing and Tianjin in northern China are the cores of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration; Wuhan and Zhengzhou in central China are the cores of the Yangtze River midstream urban agglomeration and the Central Plains urban agglomeration respectively; Shanghai in East China is the core of the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration; Guangzhou in southern China, It is the core of the Pearl River Delta urban agglomeration; Xi'an in the northwest is the core of the Guanzhong Plain urban agglomeration; Chengdu and Chongqing in the southwest are the core of the Chengdu-Chongqing urban agglomeration.
From the perspective of location layout, at present, only Northeast China has no national central cities, which highlights the location advantages of Shenyang and Changchun among the 12 cities.
The regions and urban agglomerations radiated by Nanjing, Hangzhou, Hefei and Shanghai overlap. Shanghai’s status as a central city is particularly prominent, and the integrated development of the Yangtze River Delta has become a national strategy, which is frequently favored by favorable policies. Therefore, in the short term, Nanjing, It may be difficult for Hangzhou and Hefei to have a more eye-catching "halo."
The locations of Changsha and Nanchang also overlap with Wuhan and Zhengzhou, and they are in the same city group in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River with Wuhan. This makes it slightly difficult for Changsha and Nanchang to squeeze into the ranks of national central cities in a short time.
The comprehensive strength of Jinan and Fuzhou is more prominent
Of course, the location layout is only one of the factors that set the national central city. The comprehensive strength of the city is also very important, such as regional radiation ability, international competitiveness, economic development, population attraction, traffic conditions, education and medical strength, etc. factor.
Below, focus on the analysis of the above seven cities with geographic advantages.
In terms of economic scale, Qingdao, Jinan, and Fuzhou far surpass other cities, and Qingdao is also the only trillion-level city among them; in terms of population size, Xiamen is far behind other cities; in terms of total capital (financial institutions) In terms of deposit balance), Shenyang, Jinan, Qingdao, and Fuzhou have strong financial foundations, while Changchun, Kunming and Xiamen are slightly inferior.
In terms of foreign trade, the two coastal cities of Xiamen and Qingdao are far ahead in foreign trade (total import and export), and they have undertaken a large number of international conferences, which shows that these two cities have obvious advantages in international competitiveness.
However, according to the mission assigned to the national central city, the national central city emphasizes the radiation of the city and drives the overall development capacity of the region.
Except for Xiamen and Qingdao, these cities happen to be provincial capitals.
With the introduction of the strategy of strengthening the provincial capital, resources and policies are more inclined to provincial capital cities. Compared with other cities, provincial capital cities may have relatively stronger agglomeration capabilities and radiation regional capabilities.
Therefore, compared with Qingdao and Jinan, Xiamen and Fuzhou, the provincial capital cities Jinan and Fuzhou may be more competitive in this regard.
Although Kunming is the provincial capital and the core of the central Yunnan urban agglomeration, in the southwest region, the central Yunnan urban agglomeration is relatively small and its overall strength is not strong.
What's more, the two dazzling "pearls" in the southwest, Chengdu and Chongqing, have become national central cities, driving the development of the entire southwest region, which seems to weaken Kunming's radiating and leading role.
From the perspective of location layout and overall strength, Shenyang, Changchun, Jinan and Fuzhou may be the most popular cities to compete for the tenth national central city.
Shenyang, Changchun, Jinan, Fuzhou, which one is strong
So who is better among these four popular cities?
In recent years, Shenyang and Jinan seem to have accelerated the pace of competition for the national central city.
On January 5 this year, Jinan issued the "Three-year Action Plan for Jinan to Build a National Central City (2020-2022)", which clearly stated: By 2022, the city's energy level will be greatly increased, the radiation leadership role will be significantly enhanced, and the construction of a national central city will be achieved. Significant results.
In other words, Jinan will strive to win the title of National Central City in the next three years.
Shenyang is also following in the footsteps. At the National People’s Congress this year, Shenyang Mayor Jiang Youwei said: I urge Shenyang to support and approve the construction of Shenyang as a national central city and guide Shenyang in the preparation of its land and space master plan.
Shenyang's high-profile voice shows Shenyang's confidence in winning the competition for the "national central city".
Compared with Shenyang and Jinan, the signals of Fuzhou and Changchun competing for the national central city are not strong.
In 2019, Fuzhou mentioned the plan to build a national central city, while Changchun only recently issued a signal to apply for a national central city.
In terms of strategic position, the state attaches great importance to the revitalization of the northeast old industrial base. Shenyang is an extra-large city, one of my country's six regional central cities, or a new first-tier city, and is the core of the central and southern Liaoning urban agglomeration.
Although the overall strength of the Harbin-Changchun urban agglomeration where Changchun is located is not as good as the central-south Liaoning urban agglomeration, thanks to the diversified industrial layout and the strong competitive advantages of leading industries, the economy of Changchun has developed rapidly in recent years, and the GDP in the first half of this year has exceeded Shenyang, this has gradually highlighted Changchun's strategic position in the Northeast.
Shandong Province is located in the lower reaches of the Yellow River, borders Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei in the north, and the Yangtze River Delta in the south. It faces the Liaodong Peninsula and surrounds the Bohai Bay. The special geographical location makes the Shandong Peninsula city cluster occupy an important strategic position in the national regional development pattern.
As the city with the strongest overall strength in the lower reaches of the Yellow River, Jinan is increasingly calling for leadership.
Fujian is an important hub connecting the two sides of the Taiwan Strait. With its unique geographical location and special advantages, the central government designated Fujian as the core area of the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road in 2017.
Fuzhou is also the capital of Fujian Province, the political, cultural, and transportation center of Fujian Province, and one of the central cities in the economic zone on the west side of the Straits. It proposes to build a strategic hub city on the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road.
In terms of international competitiveness, the Shenyang area of the Liaoning Pilot Free Trade Zone was established in 2017 to actively promote the "going global" of advantageous industries such as equipment manufacturing; Changchun was launched in March this year to build Changchun International Film City, Changchun International Automobile City, China-Korea International Four major open-up sectors including the Cooperation Demonstration Zone have established a high-quality international open cooperation platform.
Jinan is also unwilling to be left behind. In August 2019, the China (Shandong) Pilot Free Trade Zone settled in Jinan. It will carry out a comprehensive pilot test of a new open economy system, build high-quality comprehensive bonded zones, service trade bases, inland ports, and airports, and advance the area Become a leading area in cross-new trade, service trade and other fields.
Fuzhou is one of the first 14 coastal port cities opened to the outside world, the gateway of the Maritime Silk Road, and one of the three areas of the China (Fujian) Pilot Free Trade Zone; Fuzhou is also one of the first five trade ports opened in modern China. There is no doubt about the trade strength.
In terms of transportation, Shenyang is an important transportation hub connecting the country to the Northeast. In 2018, the number of passengers sent was nearly 50 million, ranking first in the Northeast.
Changchun is also building a second major channel to Beijing. In the future, Changchun will be connected directly to Beijing without passing through Liaoning, and the third phase of the airport project is also underway.
Jinan is also an important comprehensive transportation hub in the country. There are more than 300 high-speed rail trains from Jinan to 254 cities across the country every day; Fuzhou's special geographical location has formed a "sea, land and air" three-dimensional intersection.
All in all, Northeast, Shandong, and Fujian all have important strategic positions in my country’s regional development pattern. Shenyang, Changchun, Jinan, and Fuzhou have their own strengths in regional strategy, opening up, and transportation. The competition for the national central cities will It will be more intense, and the tenth national central city will be filled with uncertainty.