Normalization of epidemic prevention and control, "relatively closed management" in universities is still very necessary
——Interview with Li Yi, deputy secretary of the Beijing Municipal Education Commission and spokesperson of the Municipal Education Commission
Author: reporter Tang Qian Dong Seoul City
Reporter: In the new semester, Beijing welcomes college students returning to school. What are the requirements for epidemic prevention in colleges?
Li Yi: As the school starts this fall, Beijing is expected to welcome about 930,000 college students back to school, of which 630,000 are students outside Beijing.
Faced with such a large-scale movement of people, under the background of normalizing the epidemic prevention and control and comprehensively restoring the order of education and teaching, university management and epidemic prevention work after school is undoubtedly facing tremendous pressure.
After careful consideration and research and judgment during the summer vacation, the Beijing Municipal Education Commission put forward several requirements for university management after the start of school, such as adherence to relatively closed campus management, school unit management, and elimination of key environments, including those on campuses in Beijing. Management measures such as masks.
Objectively speaking, these measures will indeed change the students' learning lifestyle at school and cause some inconvenience to students.
Taking the "unit management" initiative as an example, we have proposed several "limits"-limiting flow, limiting scale, and limiting methods.
For example, you must limit the flow in line for bathing, keep the distance between meals, go to the library at different peaks, and strictly limit the number of campus activities such as cultural performances, opening ceremonies, and academic lectures... These regulations will make students feel uncomfortable in the short term. But this requires a gradual process of adaptation and adjustment.
Reporter: Since the level of emergency response for major public health emergencies in Beijing was lowered to Level 3 on July 20, the overall situation of epidemic prevention and control has been improving. What is the necessity to implement this series of relatively strict management measures?
Li Yi: Our answer is: very necessary.
Mainly consider the following aspects.
The first is the particularity of the education system.
Unlike other sectors of society, the education system is a special place for young students to gather for a long time.
The second is the particularity of universities.
Compared with elementary and middle schools and kindergartens, colleges and universities are more densely staffed: a dormitory for several people, a class of dozens of people, thousands of people share a dining hall, and a water room and bathroom on the first floor of the dormitory... An outbreak may occur.
The purpose of unit management in colleges and universities is to trace the source and determine the scope of risks as soon as possible once a problem occurs, so as to minimize the impact on the health of teachers and students.
The third is the particularity of the environment.
In autumn and winter, Beijing's climate changes drastically, and epidemic diseases such as colds, flu, and noroviruses occur frequently, and relatively strict epidemic prevention measures are required.
With this in mind, although the "Technical Plan for the Prevention and Control of New Coronary Pneumonia Epidemics in Colleges and Universities in Autumn and Winter (Updated Version)" specifies that teachers and students do not need to wear masks on campus, we are based on the actual conditions of Beijing's autumn and winter weather conditions and the incidence of infectious diseases. , Requiring teachers and students of Beijing universities to continue to wear masks on campus is also a manifestation of being responsible for the health and safety of teachers and students, and has also been recognized and supported by the Ministry of Education.
The above-mentioned management measures are neither divorced from reality, nor formalism, nor are they intended to simply renounce responsibility, but are a manifestation of a responsible design.
Reporter: According to media reports and student feedback, some colleges and universities have too strict campus management after the beginning of the term, which has caused "relatively closed management" to become "fully closed", and "unnecessary not leaving school" has become "difficult to leave school." How to understand "relatively closed management"?
Li Yi: In fact, we are talking about relatively closed management, which has two meanings.
On the one hand, school gates must be strictly closed, irrelevant personnel are prohibited from entering the school, and anyone entering the campus must strictly implement identity verification and registration and temperature testing.
On the other hand, it advocates “not going out of school if it’s not necessary”, but for those who really need it, you can apply to leave the school. The school should use information technology and other means to simplify the approval procedures for students to leave the school and guide students to take personal protection.
Reporter: The current public opinion has basically reached a consensus on "strictly closing the school gates". At present, the focus of the contradiction is mainly on "not leaving school if it is not necessary." One of the most disturbing questions is, which requirements are "necessary" and which are "non-essential"? Who defines the standard?
Li Yi: To get answers to the above questions, we must first understand the purpose and background of the initiative of "not going out of school if necessary."
On the one hand, it is necessary to understand that the fundamental purpose of "unnecessary not leaving school" is not to restrict the access of teachers and students. In fact, it is to clarify the action path and contact objects of each school leaver, so as to achieve the first time when abnormal situations occur. Screening and traceability.
This is actually an extension of the "unit management" model.
On the other hand, we must also see that our current epidemic prevention work has transitioned from the "wartime state" of epidemic prevention and control to the "normalized state" of epidemic prevention and control.
In this normalized background, the characteristic of social governance is to emphasize the individual's awareness of self-prevention and control and assume responsibility for the epidemic prevention of society.
Therefore, the governance concepts and management methods of colleges and universities at this stage should also gradually shift from relying mainly on administrative instructions under the "wartime state" to multi-party communication and collaboration to stimulate everyone's initiative.
Colleges and universities should not set “one size fits all” standards to make requirements for students on what conditions are deemed “necessary” and what are deemed “unnecessary”. Instead, they must actively communicate with students to make students fully aware of the implementation of “unnecessary”. The fundamental purpose and necessity of "not going out of school" guides every student to make a judgment that meets the current epidemic prevention requirements.
Reporter: How should colleges and universities guide students to correctly understand "unnecessary not leaving school"? How does it work?
Li Yi: The school should guide students to realize that the main task of the current school is to restore the normal order of education and teaching. As students, when the risk of the epidemic has not been completely eliminated, they should focus their main energy on learning and research, and some go out. Arrangements for entertainment, tourism, and fitness activities can be appropriately compressed and adjusted.
For example, at this stage, things that everyone generally considers "necessary" mainly include education and teaching, scientific research, employment, academic exchanges between schools, and some things that must be done in life, such as going to the hospital when sick.
Specific to each student, there may be differences between "necessary" and "non-essential" situations. This requires students to make rational judgments based on their own situation and school arrangements.
In this regard, some colleges and universities have made good examples.
For example, Tsinghua University currently implements a filing system. When students leave school, they only need to report the reason for leaving school, travel trajectory, and time of entry and exit in the online system in advance. After filing in advance, they can enter and exit the campus without approval.
This seems to lack the restraint of students, but by giving students a certain degree of autonomy and inspiring everyone's awareness of epidemic prevention, it can eventually implement epidemic prevention measures.
Reporter: Recently, some colleges and universities have taken some measures in campus epidemic prevention, which has aroused discussion among some students. How should it be solved?
Li Yi: As of September 6, more than 418,000 college students have returned to school in Beijing.
Judging from the current feedback from schools, most schools are running in order, and most students wear masks consciously.
In the context of the normalization of epidemic prevention and control, long-term adherence to the fight against the new crown virus requires multi-party joint construction and shared governance.
This multi-party, in addition to the university management, also includes students, faculty and staff, and other foreign entrants.
We all work together to ensure that the various epidemic prevention measures in universities are implemented.
At present, some of the problems exposed in the actual management of colleges and universities, as well as some complaints from students about the management of colleges and universities, are mostly caused by the failure to handle the relationship between these parties.
To achieve multi-party co-construction, sharing and co-governance, the relationship between these parties must be straightened out.
Reporter: Some students complained that after returning to school, their journey became an "open secret" with the counselor and tutor, and they felt that there was no personal privacy. Some students had a dispute with the staff because they entered the door to scan the code and measure the temperature. How to deal with these situations?
Li Yi: Universities should handle the relationship between students, faculty and staff, and schools.
On the one hand, handle the relationship between students and counselors and mentors.
In the context of the normalization of epidemic prevention and control, it is necessary for counselors and tutors to understand the scope and rules of each student's activities.
For this, students should fully understand that this is not to infringe on personal privacy, but to be prepared in advance for possible risks.
In addition, the school implements unit management, and will also impose some restrictions on the scope and time of students' activities, such as not being able to shift classes on a large scale, and avoid too much contact with other college students.
Counselors and tutors should accurately explain and communicate these epidemic prevention requirements to students, and students should cooperate as much as possible to implement them.
In schools, students may have to constantly scan codes to measure temperature when they enter the school gate, canteen, dormitory, laboratory and other places.
Students should be guided to actively cooperate with relevant staff. If problems arise, they should communicate calmly and avoid quarrels.
If you encounter a problem, you need to contact the teacher or the school, and the relevant communication channels should be unblocked to ensure that the students' opinions are conveyed.
Reporter: Some students reported why the school asked students to "not leave school unless necessary," but there was no requirement for teachers and staff in this regard. How to treat?
Li Yi: This requires universities to handle the relationship between the management of students and the management of faculty and staff.
In most cases, uniform standards should be implemented for the epidemic prevention and management of students, teachers, and employees. Instead of saying that teachers and employees can come and go freely, students must be strictly managed and “one size fits all” not letting out.
Teachers and employees should also promote the "two points and one line", do not participate in non-essential gatherings and activities, and try to keep up with the management requirements for students.
However, most of the teachers and staff live off campus, and they have decided that they cannot be completely consistent with students in management.
Here we need to communicate with each other to gain mutual understanding.
Reporter: At present, some schools propose that there will be no holidays during the "November Holiday" and no school gates are allowed. Can students leave school during the "November Holiday"? What arrangements should teachers and students returning to Beijing from abroad follow in terms of campus epidemic prevention?
Li Yi: Currently, inter-provincial exchanges and social life are gradually recovering.
Schools can be relatively strict in terms of specific epidemic prevention measures, but overall management requirements must be in line with social management requirements.
Colleges and universities should handle the relationship between school management and the overall social epidemic prevention management measures.
The "November Holiday" is a relatively long statutory holiday. Schools cannot treat it as a process of suspension and resumption of classes. The management should be treated the same as ordinary Saturday and Sunday holidays.
Specific to this holiday, how to manage students going out of school, how to conduct health monitoring and implementation of epidemic prevention requirements when leaving Beijing, schools should refer to the overall epidemic prevention requirements of the society and make reasonable arrangements when formulating plans.
In addition, as the epidemic prevention and control situation improves, international flights can fly directly to Beijing, and the number of teachers and students returning to Beijing from abroad will also increase.
The school should also handle the epidemic prevention and health monitoring of this part of teachers and students in accordance with the requirements of the state and Beijing to treat overseas returnees.
Under the background of the normalization of epidemic prevention and control, each university should reasonably set epidemic prevention measures and requirements based on the characteristics of the school and the location, and on the basis of practical implementation of the "four-party responsibility", through the governance concept of multi-party joint construction, governance and sharing , Give full play to everyone’s subjective initiative and consciousness in epidemic prevention.
We hope that through multi-party joint construction, governance and sharing, some epidemic prevention measures and awareness, such as wearing masks in the school, one-meter spacing when queuing, including the school's awareness of epidemic prevention when organizing large-scale collective activities, will gradually become everyone's habit.
Even if there are no hard requirements in the future, everyone can consciously implement it. This is the ideal state we hope to achieve.
(Our reporter Tang Qianer Dongcheng)
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