"Small-grain sterile line" was bred in the national major scientific and technological project of improved rice varieties
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Science and Technology Daily, Changsha, August 19 (Reporter Yu Huiyou, Correspondent Tuo Lian) On the 19th, the reporter learned from Hunan Agricultural University that the major scientific and technological research project of national rice varieties hosted by the team of Professor Tang Wenbang of the school was "suitable for mechanized production of small-grain sterile rice. "Department selection", a few days ago, an on-site inspection and evaluation of the progress of research results was conducted in Shidian County, Baoshan, Yunnan. The acceptance expert group agreed that, through the original innovation of germplasm resources and the integration of technology, the results achieved the mechanized seed production of hybrid rice in the whole process, broke the bottleneck of light and large-scale hybrid rice planting, reduced the cost of hybrid rice seed, and had obvious economic benefits. Social benefits, the result technology reaches the leading level at home and abroad.
The national major scientific and technological joint research team of improved rice varieties is composed of 20 scientific research units and 15 enterprises across the country to tackle the bottleneck problems in the current rice scientific research field. The project of "Breeding of small-grain sterile lines suitable for mechanized seed production of rice" is mainly dedicated to solving the problems of backward hybrid rice seed production methods, low efficiency and high cost. The project team focused on the discovery of small-grain genes in rice, breeding wide-adaptive small-grain dual-use nuclear sterile lines, and cultivating new hybrid rice combinations suitable for mechanized seed production, high and stable yield, high quality and multiple resistance. After more than 10 years, the research team has bred 5 small-grain two-line sterile lines including Zhuo 201S with excellent comprehensive traits. Through these sterile lines, 6 nationally approved varieties including Zhuo Liangyou 141 have been cultivated, and large-scale Area promotion. Data show that in the past three years, more than 2 million mu of planting has been promoted, the cost of seed production has been saved by more than 1.5 million, the cost of seed use has been saved by more than 200 million, and the income of farmers has increased by 560 million.
Compared with the existing sterile lines for large-scale production, the small-grain type sterile reproduction coefficient can be doubled, and the whole process of hybrid seed production can be mechanized with mixed sowing and mixed harvesting mechanical separation, which greatly reduces the cost of hybrid rice seeds. Compared with traditional seed production methods, it can increase seed production efficiency by 36.3%. In addition, in response to the difficulty in sorting parental seeds in the current mechanized mixed seed production, the team also independently developed a screening device, which realized the mechanized sorting of parental seeds, with a 100% success rate.