Bad climate, lack of water, difficult for plants to live...
How difficult is it to build the highest garden expo?
Our reporter Zhang Yun
The location of Xining Garden Expo Park was formerly the land of Ganhe Industrial Park in Xining National Economic and Technological Development Zone. There are a large number of industrial enterprises above designated size in the park. This industrial land used to be mainly sandy beaches and river beaches, and it was difficult to directly plant vegetation. Now it has been transformed into a paradise for plants.
The scent of birds and flowers, the infiltration of the jungle, the scattered dwellings, and the shining blue waters... Recently, the garden expo garden with the highest open altitude (average altitude of 2200 meters) has been built in China-Xining Garden Expo Park to welcome guests for free. The Xining Garden Expo Park with a total area of 1,346,900 square meters is located in Duoba Town, Huangzhong District, Xining City, Qinghai Province. In 2015, Xining City sacrificed 17 billion yuan in industrial output value and used 4.36 million square meters of industrial land for the Expo Park construction.
Here you can not only enjoy the majestic beauty of the northern gardens, but also appreciate the graceful and graceful and graceful gardens of the south of the Yangtze River. You can also feel the flexibility, diversity and inclusiveness of the Lingnan gardens.
The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau has high altitude, harsh weather, and difficult construction. How did Xining overcome the difficulties and turn the industrial park into a large garden? In this regard, a reporter from Science and Technology Daily interviewed relevant people to reveal the different Xining Garden Expo.
The survival rate of seedlings and the construction of large artificial lakes on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau are difficult problems
Garden Expo Park is an important part of urban parks, and it plays an important role in the ecology, culture and economy of the city. Xining Garden Expo Park is located between Xining Duoba New City and Ganhe Industrial Park, and its ecological status is very important.
Entering the Xining Garden Expo Park, Tonghai Pavilion, Hehuang dwellings, landscape wooden pavilions, water platforms, and cruise ship piers come into view. The rose garden and lilac garden are two specialized gardens competing for beauty. The water system in the garden is well connected and there are abundant plant species. .
It is hard to imagine that such a large-scale landscape garden like a picture scroll is now built in Xining City, the "meeting room" of the Qinghai people.
From the “loess sky without grass” in the past to the ecological beauty of the two mountains in the past and present, the ecological environment of Xining City has undergone earth-shaking changes in the past ten years, with a forest coverage rate of over 34%, making it the first provincial forest city in Northwest China. But what must be faced is that "Xining City has high altitude, low air oxygen content, low temperature, and low precipitation. It is difficult for a large number of landscape plant varieties to survive, and there are limited seedling varieties suitable for planting." In the construction of Xining Garden Expo. The biggest problem was Luo Rupeng, a staff member of the Planning and Construction Department of Xining Garden Expo Park and Xibao Forest Park Construction Management Committee, told a reporter from Science and Technology Daily.
Faced with the problem that large areas of greening seedlings are difficult to survive, the Xining Garden Expo and Xibao Forest Park Construction Management Committee, based on the different characteristics of trees, shrubs, ground cover plants, and flowering period, rationally match and plant them, and use limited seedling varieties Build a better green landscape, and select and bred local rose, lilac and other cold-tolerant, drought-tolerant, and soil-infertile flower and tree varieties, cultivated the flower sea tree array with plateau characteristics, and actively introduce new varieties suitable for growth to improve Landscape environmental quality.
The Xining Forestry Research Institute is responsible for the planning and construction of the first phase of the lilac garden in Xining Garden Expo. The engineer of the institute, Wei Wenlong, said: "We have selected some seedlings that have adapted to the plateau climate conditions. As long as we increase conservation and management in the early stage, we will wait for them to take root. After the seedlings become a forest, even extreme weather will not affect the effect of the seedling landscape."
Take the Lilac Garden covering an area of 100 acres as an example. Lilac is the flower of Xining City and one of the protagonists of Xining Garden Expo. Wei Wenlong introduced that more than 20 varieties of lilac, including assorted lilac, yellow lilac, Roland purple, bush, and late bloom purple, are planted in the lilac garden, which are spread all over the garden.
When I went to the Garden Expo, what impressed everyone the most was the water. With 10 rolling dams and 9 landscape bridges, the lake is shimmering, and inside the landscape wooden pavilion, the breath of a Jiangnan water village comes to your face. According to the staff, only the first phase of the park has a water area of 281,000 square meters.
However, in the case of local water shortage, the construction of a large area of artificial lake is another major challenge encountered in the construction of the Garden Expo. Luo Rupeng said that the construction and management committee of Xining Garden Expo and Xibao Forest Park will construct different water systems and lakes according to their functions and geological conditions. The construction is very difficult. At the same time, the two water systems of Guosiying Canal and Xiaochang River are used to supply water for the Garden Expo.
Replacing soil and backfilling to create a plant paradise "sponge" concept solves the problem of water resources
The location of Xining Garden Expo Park was formerly the land of Ganhe Industrial Park in Xining National Economic and Technological Development Zone. There are a large number of industrial enterprises above designated size in the park. In the past, this industrial land was dominated by sandy beaches and river beaches, and it was difficult to directly plant vegetation. How to transform it into a paradise for plants now?
Wei Wenlong said that during the construction of the first phase of the lilac garden of Xining Garden Expo, the soil pH, trace element content and other indicators were first measured, and then the alkaline soil, construction waste, and red soil that was not suitable for the growth of seedlings in the garden were constructed in the enclosure. Fill it at the bottom of the soil layer. Finally, try to use the farmland soil around the park to backfill as much as possible. The technicians will also apply organic fertilizers such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, and comprehensive fertilizers to the soil to improve the soil to weak alkaline.
The normal growth of various garden plants in the Garden Expo requires the support of corresponding water resources. However, Xining has a continental plateau semi-arid climate. How to resolve the contradiction between the normal operation and management of the Expo Park and the local semi-arid climate?
In this regard, Luo Rupeng said that Xining Garden Expo Park fully integrates into the concept of "sponge city", using the lakes, landscape water system, road pipe network and other facilities in the park to establish a complete water recycling system.
Xining Garden Expo Park utilizes a "sponge" water circulation system; when it rains, rainwater can quickly flow into drainage pipes and surrounding landscape water systems, and then flow into the lower-lying Yuanbo Lake; build a pumping station in Yuanbo Lake for the greening of the entire park The water used by the irrigation pipe network solves the problem of greening and watering in arid areas; the irrigation water and rainwater will flow back to the downstream landscape after being filtered by the physical sedimentation of the upstream No. 1 and No. 2 sedimentation basins and the biodegradation of the surface wetland Water system and Yuanbo Lake.
During the circulation process, the sponging of the park not only purifies the water body and presents a clear bottom, but also promotes the green space in the park to play the role of preventing soil erosion and conserving water. As a result, "light rain does not accumulate water, heavy rain does not flood, the water body is not black and smelly, and there is water storage in drought", and realizes the full collection and full use of water resources.
More than that, in 2021, the second phase of the Garden Expo Park will be completed and open to the public free of charge. At that time, the people of the plateau will feel the different sensory experience brought by modern technological innovations applied to smart scenic spots.
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There is not only gardening but also culture
As the first garden expo in the plateau area, Xining Garden Expo not only has gardening and gardening, but also the Hehuang Folk House Museum, which represents the Hehuang culture, which showcases the folk house culture of the Hehuang area.
The Hehuang Folk House Museum adopts a layout of three courtyards, including a farm house, a Confucian house, and a commercial house, enclosing the central courtyard. The farm house focuses on display of traditional farm furniture and farming tools in Hehuang area, showing traditional farm culture; the Confucian house mainly displays the traditional college culture of Hehuang area, and combines text to introduce the academic education situation of Hehuang area in different historical periods; use in commercial houses The business travel symbols of different periods are combined with words to tell the history of business travel in Qinghai and its influence on surrounding areas.
Limu beds, books from the Republic of China period, modern solid wood dining tables... Hehuang Folk House Museum collected more than 500 old objects this year. According to the staff: "The collection process for these objects is very difficult. We all collected them from the homes of ordinary people after being introduced by the local cultural bureau."
The years cannot be left, but the old objects in the life of the past tell the past few moments and form the memory of an era.