Does the epidemic leave you with "obsessive-compulsive disorder"
As epidemic prevention has become normal, people's lives have gradually become normal. However, many people find that the impact of the epidemic on them does not seem to be eliminated so easily. Many people have developed some new habits during the epidemic: they must wash their hands after a while, and they must wash their hands carefully, otherwise they cannot do anything else. Carry disinfection wipes containing 75% alcohol with you. No matter what you touch, you must wipe it with the wipes first to be at ease. When you hear the courier knock on the door to prevent your family from opening the door, you must leave things at the door for a while Take another...Many people wonder if they or their family members have "obsessive-compulsive disorder." So, are these behaviors compulsive in the psychiatric sense? What are the usual manifestations of obsessive-compulsive disorder? To this end, a reporter from China Youth Daily and China Youth Daily interviewed Yan Jun, chief physician of Peking University Sixth Hospital.
Obsessions and compulsive behaviors
Yan Jun said that compulsion is divided into obsessions and compulsive behaviors. Obsessions are thoughts, appearances, emotions, or intentions that repeatedly enter the patient's domain of consciousness. These thoughts, appearances, emotions or intentions have no practical meaning to the patient and are redundant. But obsessive-compulsive ideas emerge suddenly, and patients cannot control them autonomously. The patient will also realize that these are his own mental activities, and want to get rid of it, but there is nothing he can do.
"Under obsessiveness, all kinds of thoughts, conflicts and concepts will recur in the mind and have a very large impact on the individual." Yan Jun said, "Many things are normal people just think about it and let go. People with obsessive-compulsive disorder will always be stuck in it."
Yan Jun treated a patient with obsessive-compulsive disorder. When she helped her child with homework, she couldn't help thinking "why 1+1=2" in her mind. When she went to the zoo, she would think "why did humans evolved from monkeys". She said that she also knows that these are clear conclusions that have been proved and researched by scientists, but she can't control her own mind. She has to think clearly, and it will be very uncomfortable if she doesn't want to be clear.
Another patient is engaged in accounting work. Suddenly there will be a picture in his mind that the safe has been pried open, and the contents are lost. He himself knew that this was an imagination, not a real thing, but when these images flashed through his mind, he had to go and see if the safe was pried open.
Compulsion can sometimes be a feeling similar to "impulsive". When another patient of Yan Jun saw a red light while driving, he would have an urge to step on the accelerator and rush to the opposite side of the road. He himself knew that this was a very dangerous behavior and would not really do it, but these impulses always appeared in his mind.
In addition to obsessions, compulsion also includes compulsive behavior. Yan Jun told reporters from China Youth Daily and China Youth Daily that compulsive behavior refers to repetitive, stereotyped external behaviors, movements, or implicit mental activities, and is an autonomous behavior taken by patients to relieve discomfort or anxiety.
For example, Yan Jun said that a patient with obsessive-compulsive disorder designed himself a complete set of door lock rituals-he must first turn the key three times to the right, press the door handle three times, and then push the door hard, telling himself "It's done." "Before you can go downstairs. Once there is a missing link in the ceremony, he will feel that the door is not locked.
Another obsessive-compulsive disorder patient will check a certain number repeatedly when he is working. He knows that the check is clear in his heart, but he is always worried about "what if it is wrong", so he checks again and again until he can't tell whether the result is right. wrong.
There is also a patient with obsessive-compulsive disorder who has to ask Yan Jun three times after each visit, "Dr. Yan, are you sure you heard what I said?" Although he knew in his heart that the doctor heard clearly, he had to ask three times After that, you can leave without worry.
There is also a patient with obsessive-compulsive disorder, every time he walks up the stairs, he will have compulsive paresthesias. He obviously steps on the floor of the first floor, but always feels that he is stepping on the floor of the basement. He often feels that there is a burning flame on his clothes, so he dare not wear clothes, although he also knows that these are only manifestations of obsessive-compulsive disorder.
Jun Yan concluded that the main characteristics of compulsion are "repetition" and "entanglement." "Repetition" means that the patient spends a lot of time and energy doing one thing repeatedly, and the effect achieved is far out of proportion to the effort. "Entanglement" refers to the same thought or thought that keeps appearing in the mind, knowingly it is excessive or unnecessary, but lingering.
Obsessive-compulsive disorder is not a rare disease
How is obsessive-compulsive disorder clinically diagnosed? Yan Jun told reporters that in clinical diagnosis, doctors will ask patients to describe the difficulties they encounter, the thoughts and feelings in their brains, and then make judgments based on the patients' words and actions. Clinically, some routine scales are also used to test patients. The most commonly used scale is called the Yale Brown Scale. In addition, some auxiliary equipment will be used.
Jun Yan said that obsessive-compulsive disorder is classified as a neurotic disease, which is very different from schizophrenia and depression. However, some patients suffer from long-term obsessive-compulsive disorder, which makes life very difficult and depressive. When depression coexists, a professional psychiatrist is required to diagnose and differentiate.
"Obsessive-compulsive disorder is not a rare disease. About 3 out of every 100 people have had or are suffering from obsessive-compulsive disorder. You don’t have to worry too much about obsessive-compulsive disorder. As long as you treat it actively, 70%-80% will achieve very good results. , Can achieve clinical recovery." Yan Jun said.
The cause of obsessive-compulsive disorder is very complicated. “Many factors such as brain, genes, personality, and the way of handling stress may constitute the cause. Obsessive-compulsive disorder is not caused by poor ability to resist stress, or lack of strong will, nor is it because of the surrounding Human influence. Obsessive-compulsive disorder is a comprehensive disease, so the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder must be combined with individual psychological quality, mental stress, growth and development, brain neurotransmitters and other comprehensive factors."
Yan Jun said that the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder includes medication, psychotherapy and physical therapy. "Drug therapy is aimed at neurotransmitter changes in the brain. The treatment of obsessive-compulsive therapy is very similar to the treatment of depression, and many antidepressant drugs are also used in the treatment of obsessive-compulsive therapy. However, compulsive therapy takes longer than depression The treatment is longer, usually it may take several months, even half a year, or a year. The most difficult stage is the first 1-3 months, and the treatment needs to be treated under the close attention of the doctor, and then it needs to be treated regularly every month Follow-up consultation. Psychotherapy requires patients to understand their personality and learn how to cope with compulsion. Drugs and psychology are performed at the same time, and the treatment effect will be more obvious. Physiotherapy is carried out in a specialized hospital. Go to a specialized hospital for evaluation and you will get the corresponding treatment".
Not all obsessive-compulsive symptoms are obsessive-compulsive disorder
Yan Jun believes that the occurrence of obsessive-compulsive disorder is generally related to a person's personality. "People who are too persistent and pursuing perfection are prone to compulsion. Therefore, they need to moderately adjust their life goals and needs." Compulsion is also related to a person's improper way of coping with life stress. "So learn some therapies to relax yourself, such as Mindfulness therapy. At the same time, it is necessary to develop good work and rest habits." Yan Jun said, "Avoid overuse of the brain, avoid being overly entangled in certain things, or excessive panic about certain things, these can help us actively prevent compulsion Disease."
Finally, Jun Yan emphasized that not all obsessive-compulsive symptoms are obsessive-compulsive disorder. "If the obsessive-compulsive manifestations appear for a short period of time and have little impact on life, then the obsessive-compulsive symptoms may only appear, which can be resolved by self-regulation and relaxation. If the obsessive-compulsive manifestations reach a serious level, the frequency of occurrence is very high, about one day If it takes more than an hour and affects normal life, you need to see a professional doctor. If the degree and state of the compulsion meet the criteria for disease diagnosis, then it may not only be obsessive-compulsive symptoms, but obsessive-compulsive disorder.”
China Youth Daily·China Youth Daily reporter Xia Jin Source: China Youth Daily