A vaccine given to monkeys proved to protect against corona

A vaccine developed by the American company Moderna in cooperation with the National Institutes of Health led to a "solid" immune response and prevent the reproduction of the virus in the lungs and nose of monkeys, according to the results of a study published on Tuesday. Advances in other vaccines have also been recorded.

Moderna said in a press release that the vaccine Myrna-1273, which was given to monkeys, provided protection to the lung and nose from infection and prevented lung disease in all animals.

This vaccine is one of two vaccines that are being developed in Western countries. The experiences of the third stage have been widely practiced and include thousands of human participants. The second vaccine is developed by Oxford University in cooperation with AstraZeneca laboratories.

The administration of US President Donald Trump has invested about $ 1 billion to support the development of the first vaccine.

Dogs reveal those infected with the # Corona virus pic.twitter.com/g5EERHki8a

- Al-Jazeera Medicine and Health (@AljazeeraHealth) July 26, 2020

The results of the study, published in the New England Journal of Medicine, reported by AFP and Reuters, showed that seven out of eight monkeys who were given the vaccine as part of this study were intentionally exposed to the new Corona virus after four weeks. On that. She had no record of any observed breeding in the lungs two days later. The virus was not detected in the nose of any of the eight monkeys.

The scientists previously noted that vaccination in two batches separated by 28 days, not only leads to the secretion of antibodies to the Coronavirus, but also T cells are very necessary for the immune response.

"It is the first time that a test vaccine against Covid-19 that has been tested on nonhuman primates has demonstrated its ability to achieve rapid control of the virus in the upper respiratory divisions," the National Institutes of Health said in a statement.

By comparison, the scientists said, the Oxford vaccine had no effect on the amount of viral charge in the nose of the apes.

Reducing the viral charge in the lungs would make the disease less virulent for the patient, while reducing it in the nose would reduce a person's ability to transmit infection to those around him.

However, only trials of the third stage will allow verification that this or that vaccine provides protection for humans. A comparison will be made between a group of volunteers who received the actual vaccine and one who received a placebo.

These results will be available from September on the Oxford-AstraZeneca vaccine, according to the head of the laboratory, and from October or November for the American vaccine, according to the head of Moderna.

As the study increased confidence in the vaccine, Moderna said it had already begun human testing.

On Monday, the company started a late phase of the study targeting tests for healthy volunteers, and the positive results of these trials may open the way for regulatory approval and widespread use of the vaccine no later than the end of the year.

A ray of hope with the first human trials of the # Corona vaccine conducted by Oxford University pic.twitter.com/vhErR0RRIq

- Al-Jazeera Medicine and Health (@AljazeeraHealth) July 26, 2020

Russian vaccine

In Russia, the Russian Information Agency reported on Tuesday that a government institute of virology had begun testing the second possible Russian vaccine for Covid-19 in humans, as the first of five volunteers had been given a dose of it on July 27.

The agency said the volunteer was feeling better. The agency quoted the Russian Consumer Protection Agency (ROSPUTREPENADZOR) as saying that the next volunteer in the experiment to be conducted by the Victor Institute for Virology in Siberia would be injected on July 30.

A government record of all clinical trials shows that the institute, which is supervised by (Rosputerinadzor), is testing the peptide vaccine (a series of amino acids) using a program first developed for the Ebola virus.

After that, the trial scope is expected to expand to include 100 volunteers between 18 and 60 years, according to the clinical trial record. WHO records show that the Victor Institute is working on six different potential Covid vaccines.

The Jamalia Institute, a separate government research facility in Moscow, completed early human trials of an adenovirus vaccine earlier this month and large-scale trials are expected to begin in August.

Two Chinese and German companies announce a possible vaccine for the Corona virus pic.twitter.com/EZEOMX5lBm

Al-Jazeera Medical & Health (@AljazeeraHealth) July 23, 2020

The next stage begins

Pfizer and Piontech Pharmaceuticals have announced the start of the next phase of clinical trials on their potential vaccine for the emerging corona virus.

It is expected that the experiments will be conducted in about 120 places in various countries of the world except China, with the participation of about 30 thousand people.

The two companies said that they decided to start the new stage of clinical trials on the "BNT 162 B2" vaccine on the basis of giving the participant a dose of 30 grams of the vaccine twice.

The potential vaccine had obtained the approval of the US Food and Drug Administration urgently to start its tests in the framework of the so-called fast-track pathway for the approval of medical preparations, which is used in emergencies, as is the case in the face of the emerging Corona virus pandemic.

The two companies aim to produce up to 100 million doses of potential vaccine by the end of this year, with the potential to produce more than 1.3 billion doses by the end of 2021.