Pay attention to "World Hepatitis Day": The "silent killer" around you, but many people don't know

　　Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, July 28 - Title: Focus on "World Hepatitis Day": side of the "silent killer", many people do not know

　　Xinhua News Agency reporters Dong Xiaohong, Qu Ting, Bao Xiaojing, Lin Miaomiao

　　The 28th is the tenth "World Hepatitis Day" determined by the World Health Organization. Hepatitis is a common disease, how to correctly understand it? How to prevent this "silent killer" around him? The reporter conducted an exclusive interview on related issues.

Immunization plan, prop up the blue sky of "hope"

　　In the early morning of the 28th, the West China Fourth Hospital of Sichuan University carried out liver disease screening tests for the public in the hospital. People who came to the hospital for the test wore masks and lined up neatly to conduct free liver disease screening in an orderly manner.

　　Recently, China United Liver Health Promotion Center and the Internet chronic disease management platform "Medical Federation" launched similar free hepatitis screening public welfare activities in 217 hospitals in 126 cities across the country.

　　"Hepatitis virus is the main causative factor of hepatitis." According to Wen Jun, deputy chief physician of the Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Chengdu Third People's Hospital, there are five types of viral hepatitis: hepatitis A, hepatitis B, hepatitis C, hepatitis D, and hepatitis E. Among them, hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and hepatitis D can be spread through blood, saliva, lotion, etc. Hepatitis B and hepatitis C can be transformed into chronic hepatitis, leading to liver cirrhosis and even liver cancer, which requires key prevention and control.

　　Vaccination of hepatitis B vaccine is the safest and most effective measure to prevent hepatitis B. In recent years, my country has made certain progress in the prevention and control of viral hepatitis, especially the overall vaccination of hepatitis B vaccine, neonatal vaccination, and the introduction of advanced hepatitis C treatment new drugs. At present, all school-age children can receive hepatitis B vaccine for free.

　　According to the "China Maternal and Child Health Development Report (2019)", my country provides free AIDS, syphilis, and hepatitis B screening for pregnant women across the country, and provides comprehensive intervention services to prevent mother-to-child transmission for all pregnant women and children born with infections. In recent years, the detection rate of maternal AIDS, syphilis and hepatitis B has stabilized at over 99%, and the injection rate of hepatitis B immunoglobulin for children born to pregnant women with hepatitis B infection has reached 99.7%, effectively avoiding and reducing new infections in children.

　　"Since the hepatitis B vaccine was included in the planned immunization program, China, as a former'hepatitis B country', has gradually reduced the incidence of hepatitis B virus, and the hepatitis B virus carrying rate of children under 5 years old is controlled within 1%." Wang Wang, deputy director of the Department of Infectious Diseases, Peking University First Hospital Yan said.

　　According to Li Jiabin, executive vice president of the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, in recent years, the emergence of powerful antiviral drugs has effectively inhibited the hepatitis virus and played a good role in hepatitis control.

　　"A series of measures such as effective blocking of mother-to-child transmission, universal childhood hepatitis B vaccination, and clinical application of hepatitis B and C high-efficiency, low-resistance, and high-safety new drugs, support the blue sky of my country's hepatitis prevention and control." Wen Jun said.

Be wary of the "silent killer" that cannot be ignored

　　The National Health and Health Commission released the National Statutory Infectious Diseases Epidemic Situation in 2019, which shows that viral hepatitis is the most reported type B infectious disease in China. The cumulative incidence of hepatitis B and C in 2019 is about 122. Ten thousand cases, accounting for more than 95% of reported cases of viral hepatitis.

　　Hepatitis C, like hepatitis B, is a "silent killer". The disease progresses slowly. There is almost no discomfort in the early stage of the patient. When symptoms appear, many patients have cirrhosis or even liver cancer and miss the best treatment opportunity.

　　"About 18% of patients with hepatitis C infection in my country are diagnosed in time, and about 25% of hepatitis C patients need treatment, but only about 1.3% of patients actually received treatment." Wen Jun said.

　　"With the emergence of small-molecule direct antiviral drugs, the treatment of hepatitis C has entered a'full cure era'." Li Jiabin said.

　　He introduced that the current drug treatment for hepatitis C is very effective. In the past, a course of treatment for hepatitis C cost hundreds of thousands of yuan. Now a course of treatment only costs less than 50,000 yuan, and it is included in the scope of medical insurance reimbursement, which greatly improves the availability of medicines. Sex. Although there is no vaccine for hepatitis C, more than 98% of patients can be cured with regular medication.

　　However, the public's awareness of hepatitis C is much lower than that of hepatitis B, and there is a lack of awareness of autonomous screening. “The onset of hepatitis C is hidden, and many patients feel that it is painless or itchy. They think that treatment can be left off first, which often causes the disease to be delayed to a stage that is difficult to reverse.” Wang Yan said.

Strengthen routine screening and work together to control the spread of "virus"

　　The reporter learned that hepatitis prevention and control is a systematic project that requires continuous efforts from all walks of life.

　　Cutting off the transmission route is an effective method. "In addition to blood transfusion, hepatitis C infection can be infected by many other methods, such as tattoos, eyebrows, unhygienic teeth cleaning, ear piercing, etc., so go to relevant formal institutions to operate." Wen Jun reminded that blood transmission, mothers Infant transmission and sexual transmission are the common transmission methods of hepatitis B and C viruses. Every day, attention must be paid to cutting off the transmission route and effective prevention.

　　Ge Yongsheng, director of the Department of Liver Surgery at the First Affiliated Hospital of the University of Science and Technology of China and Anhui Provincial Hospital, said that 90% of liver cancer patients have a history of hepatitis B, and persistent hepatitis B virus infection is one of the main causes of liver cancer. Therefore, people who suffer from liver disease and those over the age of 40 should have regular physical examinations. If they find that they are unwell, they should go to a regular hospital for examination in time for early diagnosis and treatment.

　　At the same time, the hepatitis B vaccine cannot be "one and for all" after being injected. Wang Yan said that after an adult is injected with hepatitis B vaccine, the duration of antibody duration is different for each person, and the immune function of individuals varies greatly. For people who may be in close contact with hepatitis B virus carriers, it is recommended to check whether the antibody has decayed every three to five years.

　　Li Jiabin also reminded that many people have low awareness of hepatitis C, and high-risk patients lack active screening awareness. It is recommended that hepatitis C screening be strengthened and hepatitis screening should be included in routine physical examinations.