There were always strict and precise systems and rituals that the Pharaohs followed in burying the dead, until their entire lives almost prepared for that eternal life.
The Pharaohs maintained, in the first place, the mummification habit, whereby the dead body must be preserved intact and ideal - as possible - to cross into the other world in its finest suit. Wandering and tortured without a body to settle in.
Another matter was that the transit stage of the other world itself was a complex and risky stage, in which a person would face a number of predators and animals, and he would only survive if his actions were good; Therefore, the Pharaohs were interested in preparing this scary theater of tests; It is the cemetery.
In the cemetery, Osiris will pass his final judgment on the deceased after his success or failure in crossing tests. Accordingly, the pharaohs decorated the graves with spells and war devices, sometimes with the bodies of dead and stuffed animals, in addition to some food for the use of the dead on his journey to the afterlife.
And of course, this philosophy - with great interest in death and its aftermath - formed the living world, until most of their timeless architectural works have become to this day only immortal edifices that are reminiscent of their excessive willingness to die, especially since the natural environment in ancient Egypt helped stability.
Instead of seeking to provide for the needs of daily life, the Egyptians found themselves economically stable thanks to the fertile agricultural environment provided by the Nile River; This led to the prosperity of agricultural, craftsmanship and artistic works, as well as the deserts and the sea - which were bordering Egypt from all sides - contributed to this stability by discouraging the invasion for nearly two thousand years.
Giza Pyramids
Thus, modern Egypt found itself before a huge legacy of architecture and monuments that express each of the ruling dynasties in ancient Egypt, where the course of art in Egypt was largely parallel to the country's political history. Of course, the Pyramids of Giza are one of the most famous and clear examples of this excessive interest in the afterlife.
The three pyramids are a remarkable development for the tomb, which was built in the form of a small terrace. It turns into a tall, giant pyramid filled with rooms, drawings, symbols and statues. It thus reflects the evident change in the social status of the pharaohs and the vision of the pharaoh for himself from the first fourth family of the Old Kingdom, the family that built the pyramids of Giza; Each pyramid functions as a permanent memorial to the individual pharaoh who created it and not only as a cemetery.
Hatshepsut ritual
Philosophy itself is found in Deir el-Bahari, which houses a large number of Pharaonic cemeteries and temples under one umbrella; The Temple of Montuhotep the Second, the Temple of Tuthmosis the Third and the Temple of Hatshepsut. It was built by Queen Hatshepsut to practice her other world religious rituals. The temple consists of 3 mounting steps, connected by sloping platforms for ascending and descending.
Deir el-Bahri is one of several giant architectural projects implemented by the female pharaoh after the turmoil ended in the second transitional period, and Egypt was unified, and rule reigned in the new kingdom (circa 1550-1070 BC).
This complex, which includes several cemeteries, was to have an earthly purpose just as its religious purpose; Hatshepsut wanted to use his unique design as her artistic propaganda, to confirm that she had exerted control over the government, and that she was sent by the goddess; Where the Queen appears as offering offerings to the gods in several drawings, and the temple also contains other statues depicting Pharaoh with Osiris, the god of the afterlife.
Habu Temple in Luxor
The Temple of Ramses III, or Habu, is one of the most famous and important temples of the family 20, and was built by King Ramses III to establish funerary rites for him and to worship the god Amon. The importance of the temple lies in its being one of the largest temples built in the modern state, with an area of 320 meters. The temple consists of a great entrance surrounded by two towers bearing reliefs representing the arms of the family and pictures of Ramesses the Third.
Another reason for the importance of the temple is that the statue of the god Amun in it is decorated with precious stones in honor of the god. The walls are filled with valuable inscriptions and drawings, and the first edifice in the temple leads to an open courtyard, and contains huge statues of Ramses III and Osiris. The second edifice leads to a hall again containing Ramses pillars. The third edifice is reached by continuing on a slope leading through a corridor filled with columns on which reliefs and actual heads of foreign prisoners were painted inside the temple; In reference to the king's control of Syria and Nubia.
It can be said that the eternal Pharaonic architecture of this day was essentially driven by a relentless pursuit of eternity, and the ancient Egyptians believed that when they died their bodies would continue to exist in the afterlife through a dangerous journey to the underworld. If they want to succeed in this death journey, they must prepare from their first day of life.