In the presence of Caesar

The Caesar Sanctions Act targeting the Syrian regime and its various supporting bodies began to be implemented, based on the core idea of ​​the law approved by legislative bodies in the United States, namely: “Using various economic, diplomatic and coercive means to compel the Bashar al-Assad government to stop its deadly attacks against the Syrian people, and support The transition to a Syrian government that respects the rule of law, human rights and peaceful coexistence with its neighbors

Documentation moments .. From here the story began

The name "Caesar" summarizes the story of the Syrians and their revolt against the regime. The "defected officer" leaked 55,000 pictures of detainees who rose under torture, just to name a few, as these photos document a short time period for a specific branch in a particular governorate.

The photos of Caesar were unique in their pain, even to the Syrians themselves, even though they knew the nature of the crime practiced in the prisons of the prisons, the pictures gave them a presentation of the moments of the last victims, and left them before contemplation of the torture that each detainee spent in front of the monsters and the sins of the land until he breathed his last.

The promulgation of the law, as a step to punish the regime for its crimes, was an important detail in the Syrians 'struggle to hold perpetrators accountable, and a step in the Syrians' journey to search for the freedom that tens of thousands of them paid their lives and their blood for.

The background of the law and its most important articles

Work began on what became known as the "Caesar Law for the Protection of Civilians" six years ago, when a member of the Syrian Intelligence was able to hand over files to the United States documenting the killing of more than 10,000 detainees under torture in Assad's prisons, to begin the journey of the Caesar Law to protect civilians and politicians reflect And US lawmakers repeatedly since 2014 until it was signed by US President Donald Trump in December 2019, after it was included in the annual defense budget bill, in order to pass it by the two parties.

Caesar's law will not bring down the Syrian regime politically, but it will put him in an unprecedented state of international isolation economically and politically, and will make this particular point of continued support costly to all of his allies.

Although the law has not yet been implemented, the nearness of its effectiveness has clearly affected the economy of the Syrian regime, which suffers economically due to various factors such as family disputes that strike its pillars, perennial corruption in all its folds, and the accelerated practical collapse of the exchange rate of the lira against the dollar, as well as the actual stopping The domestic economy has been constantly spinning for years.

It is important to emphasize that Caesar’s law will not bring down the Syrian regime politically, but it will put him in an unprecedented state of international isolation economically and politically, and will make this particular point of continued support costly to all of his allies, as lawmakers focused on targeting the Syrian regime and its institutions, and the Russian system And the officials in it, and the Iranian regime and its agents who wish to deal with it.

Parallel to this, the law was designed to prevent companies and individuals from investing in Syria, whether with the aim of supporting the regime or participating in the reconstruction efforts led by the regime’s government; As the law clearly and radically punish those cooperating with the regime in any way, and it will be continuous for at least ten years to come, renewable if the behavior of the Syrian regime does not change.

Of course, the provisions of the law extend from the previous provisions of the sanctions imposed on Syria by targeting government institutions such as the "Central Bank of Syria", as - according to the vision of American legislators - a financial institution whose primary goal is money laundering, in addition to punishing individuals supporting the government and the system, from officials Civilians, military, or collaborators finance any activity of the Syrian regime, or contribute to the support and financing of any of the three areas, military, development, and economic.

The law also freezes the reconstruction process, as it stipulates the imposition of sanctions on any company or individual that supports the system in the energy, aviation or lending sectors, or contribute to improving, expanding, or maintaining the Syrian government's production of natural gas and petroleum and their derivatives, which means that various Russian and Iranian companies European and Arab countries that seek to obtain a portion of the collapsed Syrian market cake will not be able to reach their goals, as its items have deterrent capabilities.

In this regard, many are concerned about the direct impact on the lives of ordinary civilians and people in Syria, as these sanctions will prevent the rehabilitation of infrastructure and the repair of basic services, in addition to the steadily increasing need for gas and oil.

Despite the existence of objective reasons prior to the provisions of the “Caesar’s Law” that brought the Syrian economy to this stage, the law set provisions in an attempt to define frameworks for protecting and assisting civilians, starting with the exclusion of humanitarian aid from sanctions and ending with the capabilities granted to the American president to stop the law from going into effect for an interim period within conditions Specific.

Powers to continue and stop the law

No timeframe has been set for the continuation of the law, but six conditions laid down by his legislators can serve as a de facto basis for stopping the law and its effects.

These conditions revolve around stopping the bombing of civilians by the Russian and Syrian air forces, lifting the blockade of the besieged areas, allowing the passage of humanitarian aid and the movement of civilians freely, and the release of political detainees.

Likewise, allow human rights organizations to enter Syrian prisons and detention centers, and stop the bombing of medical centers, schools, residential areas, and civilian communities, such as markets.

The conditions also include ensuring the return of Syrian displaced persons in a safe and voluntary manner, holding perpetrators of war crimes accountable and justice for victims of war crimes committed by the Syrian regime.

The law gives the United States ample room to impose its vision of the country's future, and it will push the Syrian regime to accept a real political solution and pave the way for new elections under the supervision of the United Nations.

Members of Congress are counting on these conditions to be an incentive to stop supporting the Assad regime and withdraw the cover of its allies from it, in addition to contributing to the protection of civilians.

In conclusion, it must be noted that Caesar’s law will constitute a new and decisive starting point in the march of the Syrian issue, whether in terms of its effects on the regime or its allies or civilians, as it will clearly contribute to activating the US tools to besiege the Syrian regime and its allies.

The law represents various pressure cards for Washington that make the continuation of the Russians' unilateralism in managing the Syrian file almost impossible, as the law targets the Syrian regime on the surface, but it ultimately targets all of its allies.

It also gives the United States ample room to impose its vision on the country's future, as James Jeffrey, the US envoy to Syria, has indicated that the law will push the Syrian regime to accept a real political solution and pave the way for new elections under the supervision of the United Nations.

All of this is in parallel with the United States' control of the most important economic resources, such as oil and gas, and its continued control - along with the international coalition - over the most important areas of Syria east of the Euphrates.