Four major problems in the transportation of hazardous chemicals to be solved, how to dismantle 300,000 "moving bombs"
Author: Zhang Ke Editor: Huang Bin
As of 7 o'clock on June 15, the Wenling tanker explosion in Zhejiang Province has caused 20 deaths and caused significant losses to the lives and property of the people.
It can be seen from the video data returned from the accident scene that the scene was tragic after the explosion, the tank car body disintegrated after the explosion, the debris of the truck body part flew to the green belt inside the ramp, and the guardrail on the right side of the ramp was nearly 20 meters from the driveway. The tank body was blown to a distance of about 300 meters from the explosion point; a car was directly blown to the height of 4 floors, and a secondary explosion occurred at the scene.
Some experts told the media, "From the perspective of the consequences of this explosion, the power is greater than that of cruise missiles."
According to authoritative data obtained by the First Financial Reporter, there are currently 11,500 road transport enterprises of hazardous chemicals in the country, and more than 300,000 vehicles are transported. This also means that there are nearly 300,000 "moving bombs" on the road, and the risks are huge. How to effectively monitor? How to establish the system? Become an urgent problem to be solved now.
Thousands of chemicals transportation accidents occur every year
Just one week before the explosion of the tank truck on the G15 Shenhai Expressway (Daxi Section of Wenling), another tank truck rollover, leak, and fire accident occurred in Zhejiang.
According to the official website of the China Logistics and Purchasing Federation's Hazardous Chemicals Logistics Branch on June 12th, on the evening of June 7th, a dangerous goods tanker truck loaded with 21 tons of liquefied natural gas passed the G1512 (Yongjin Expressway) towards Jinhua In the Shaxi section of Xinchang County, Zhejiang Province, a collision occurred with a container semi-trailer transporting steel coils, causing the LNG tanker to roll over, leak and catch fire. At 5 a.m. on June 10th, the rescue work was officially launched only after the open flame of the tank was extinguished.
my country has many varieties of hazardous chemicals and large output, and has become the world's largest producer of chemicals. Public data show that my country's annual road transport volume of hazardous chemicals exceeds 1.6 billion tons, accounting for more than 30% of the total annual freight volume, and increasing year by year.
Le Ye, general manager and senior logistics engineer of Shanghai Jinling International Logistics Co., Ltd., said that thousands of accidents of road transportation of dangerous chemicals every year bring huge losses to people, environment and economy.
Among them, Zhejiang, Jiangsu and Shandong are all major provinces in the production, operation and use of hazardous chemicals in my country. According to data released by the Office of the Shandong Provincial Work Safety Committee on June 14, as of the end of 2019, there are 770 hazardous chemical transportation companies and more than 34,000 vehicles (including more than 330 highly toxic chemical transportation vehicles) in Shandong Province. Coupled with vehicles operating off-site, there are more than 60,000 vehicles driving on the roads in Shandong Province every day during peak hours. The safety risk of movement remains high and the safety management is negligent. These vehicles will become "time bombs in motion."
Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province is in the core circle of the economically developed Yangtze River Delta, and passenger and freight transportation and dangerous goods transportation are very frequent. On the 14th, Suzhou urgently convened a plenary meeting of the Transportation Safety Production Professional Committee. At present, Suzhou's annual volume of dangerous goods transport accounts for about one-fifth of Jiangsu Province. There are 176 dangerous goods road transport households and 6,404 transport vehicles in the city, of which 1,534 are tank trucks.
On the same day, the Shanxi Provincial Public Security Department convened an emergency video conference on the special rectification of hazardous chemical and hazardous explosive vehicles and the summer traffic safety management work of the provincial public security organs. Shanxi Traffic Management Department informed that as of June 13 this year, there have been 29 traffic accidents involving dangerous chemical transportation vehicles in Shanxi Province, resulting in 6 deaths and 30 injuries.
There are four deficiencies in the management of hazardous chemicals transportation
my country is a major consumer of petroleum and chemical products, and the demand for hazardous chemicals logistics is strong. According to media reports, the scale of my country's hazardous chemicals logistics market has exceeded 1.8 trillion yuan in 2019.
However, many people in the transportation and chemical industry told the First Financial Reporter that at present, my country's hazardous chemicals storage and transportation companies are uneven, and the qualifications and technologies of some enterprises are not enough.
Le Ye introduced that since 2018, the National New Deal on Storage and Transportation of Dangerous Chemicals has occurred frequently, and “Road Dangerous Goods Transport Enterprise Grades” and “Bulk Liquid Chemical Tank Vehicle Loading and Unloading Safety Operation Specifications” and many other road transportation and vehicle safety technical standards Implementation, local governments have also tightened the control of hazardous chemicals logistics, and launched a series of special rectification activities for hazardous chemicals transportation.
But overall, my country's current road transportation management of hazardous chemicals still has four deficiencies:
The entry barrier is not high, the overall quality of employees is low, and the internal management of the enterprise is not in place. Data show that my country currently has more than 1.2 million employees engaged in road transport of hazardous chemicals. In recent years, it has been difficult for hazardous chemical transportation companies to recruit grassroots personnel. Many accidents are caused by lack of basic knowledge of employees and inadequate management of enterprises.
There is no scientific hazardous chemicals transportation network planning, and the logistics efficiency is low. The main manifestations are improper transportation capacity, repeated transportation, and too long transportation radius.
The law enforcement of bulls is inefficient. The cross-functionality has resulted in insufficient management efficiency among departments. The government's guidance to the industry and help and support are not enough. In some areas, there is still a phenomenon of punishing custody.
The accident emergency rescue system is not perfect. The professional team for emergency response is not sufficient, and the emergency rescue guarantee capacity is insufficient, which is likely to cause secondary accidents.
Liu Tiemin, the former president of the China Academy of Work Safety, also told the media that some tank trucks in China have been refitted. After refitting, they can hold hundreds of tons of liquefied gas, or at least dozens of tons. Once a tank truck that stores such a huge energy explodes, the consequences are terrible.
The total number of hazardous chemicals in my country is currently 2828, which does not include the newly added hazardous chemicals each year. The chemical and physical properties of these dangerous chemicals are quite different. It has great danger during transportation, is greatly affected by weather conditions and road conditions, and is prone to safety accidents.
During the two sessions of this year, Zhang Chunsheng, deputy to the National People's Congress and chairman of Jinling Petrochemical Co., Ltd., said that under the current management system, the road transportation of hazardous chemicals is a multi-management, including safety supervision department, transportation department, and public security department. It will also involve the health, fire protection and environmental protection departments.
Zhang Chunsheng said that the management objects are also multi-faceted, including the source production enterprise, the terminal cargo owner and the transportation enterprise connected with the two. The transportation of hazardous chemicals is often a cross-regional transportation, involving the management departments of different regions, and it is prone to problems such as duplication of supervision, misalignment, and blind spots. In addition, since information sharing cannot be achieved among many regions or departments, the efficiency and effectiveness of supervision are reduced to a certain extent.
On January 1 of this year, the "Administrative Measures for the Safety of Road Transport of Dangerous Goods" jointly issued by the Ministry of Transport, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the Ministry of Public Security, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, the Ministry of Emergency Management, and the General Administration of Market Supervision began to be implemented, requiring carriers to charge before loading or loading. Check related matters, loading operations comply with relevant standards, and do a good job of recording and storing relevant information.
But in fact, dangerous chemical transportation accidents still occur from time to time, reflecting to some extent the inherent problems of this industry such as unlicensed operation, overloading, mixed loading, vicious competition, and unsound management systems, which cannot be solved overnight. .
Establish an entry and exit mechanism for hazardous chemical transportation units
After the G15 Shenhai Expressway (Daxi Section of Wenling) tank truck explosion accident occurred, the Ministry of Transport issued an emergency report on June 14th on "Conscientiously Carrying Out Safety Production Work in Key Areas such as Transport of Dangerous Chemicals" and resolutely curb serious and major safety production accidents. "Emergency Notice", requiring the transportation departments of various places to draw lessons from accidents and to reinforce the safe production of hazardous chemicals transportation.
In May of this year, the “Opinions on Comprehensively Strengthening the Work Safety of Hazardous Chemicals Transportation” issued by the Ministry of Transport called for strengthening the systematic and regional safety production risk prevention and control of hazardous chemicals transportation, strictly implementing safe production responsibility and management systems, and improving Hidden hazard investigation and safety production prevention and control system, strengthen source control, comprehensive control, precise control, and strengthen the safety management of the entire chain of dangerous chemicals transportation.
The Opinions clearly stipulated that in-depth actions such as special treatment of atmospheric liquid dangerous goods tankers should be carried out. Strictly crack down on illegal violations of dangerous goods by road and water, and focus on cracking down on unlicensed operations and over-range operations. Strengthen the access management of dangerous goods transportation vehicles and ships, and strictly use vehicles, ships and equipment that meet the requirements of national standards and match the nature and weight of dangerous goods.
According to the reporter of First Financial, in recent years, my country has strengthened the supervision of the transportation of hazardous chemicals through "Internet+" and other technical means. At present, a national hazardous chemical physical big data operation center with a total investment of 350 million yuan is under construction in Changzhou, Jiangsu.
In the past, once the leakage of hazardous chemicals transport vehicles occurred, it was very likely to cause great pollution to the environment, and subsequent treatment would be very troublesome. Because there is no big data, the people participating in the rescue do not know what is installed in the car, so they do not know what equipment to use to rescue. After the data center is built and operated, it will realize real-time online supervision, daily security warning, and precise rescue after the event.
According to the introduction of the Ministry of Transport, the next step will be the overall deployment of the national three-year action plan for special production safety rectification and the three-year implementation plan for the industry, and quickly organize the comprehensive investigation of hidden dangers in industrial safety production accidents and the management of outstanding problems. Security management. Strengthen the supervision and law enforcement of road transportation safety of hazardous chemicals, strictly monitor the dynamic monitoring of vehicles and drivers; strengthen the storage and operation safety management of hazardous chemicals in ports, and strengthen the assessment and control of major risks in areas where hazardous chemicals are concentrated in ports; Management, strictly prohibiting over-range, over-capacity and transportation of ships with disease; strengthen the safety management of the parking of hazardous chemicals vehicles and ships.
At the same time, comprehensively strengthen the prevention of major security risks in other key areas of the industry. Pay close attention to the risks of long-distance passenger lines and cross-province tourist charter transportation, the safety risks of urban bus and rail transit inbound vehicles and large passenger flow, and passenger transportation such as passenger ferries, ro-ro ships, tourist ships and cruise ships in severe weather conditions Navigation risks, high-risk construction of road and water transport projects and safety risks of resident sites, fire risks in crowded places and key locations, strictly implement control measures, and effectively prevent and contain various types of accidents.
On June 14, a video conference on emergency management of hazardous chemicals in the transportation industry of hazardous chemicals held in Zhejiang Province also proposed the rapid implementation of special safety inspections and major rectification actions in the hazardous chemicals transportation industry. Carry out a comprehensive and three-dimensional inspection of all dangerous goods road transport companies, water transport companies, port terminals, storage tanks in the port, dangerous goods transport vehicles, ships and employees in the province to ensure that there is no one company or one vehicle, One driver is not missed.
An expert told the First Financial Reporter that an entry and exit mechanism for hazardous chemical transport units should be established, and a red and black list management model should be introduced to allow those high-risk and backward chemical transport units to exit the market in an orderly manner.