China News Service, May 21, according to the WeChat public account of the National Development and Reform Commission, recently, the National Development and Reform Commission, the National Health and Health Commission, and the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine issued the "Public Health Prevention and Treatment Capacity Building Plan" (hereinafter referred to as the "plan"). The "Proposal" proposes to rely on high-level hospitals (including traditional Chinese medicine hospitals) with strong comprehensive strength, especially infectious diseases, respiratory diseases, and severe diseases. According to the population size, radiation area and epidemic prevention and control pressure, combined with the construction of national emergency teams Each province will build 1-3 major epidemic treatment bases to undertake the tasks of centralized treatment of critically ill patients and centralized storage of emergency supplies. It can respond quickly when a major epidemic occurs, effectively improve the cure rate of critically ill patients and reduce the mortality rate.
The "Proposal" puts forward five aspects of construction tasks, including the modernization of the disease prevention and control system, the comprehensive improvement of the treatment capacity of county-level hospitals, the improvement of the urban infectious disease treatment network, the transformation and upgrade of major epidemic treatment bases, and the promotion of the dual-purpose transformation of public facilities.
Regarding the modernization of the disease prevention and control system, the "Plan" states that the facilities and equipment of disease control agencies should be comprehensively improved to achieve at least one laboratory in each province that has reached the level of Biosafety Level 3 (P3), and at least one prefecture-level city A laboratory that has reached the level of Biosafety Level 2 (P2) has the inspection and testing capabilities required for the implementation of infectious disease pathogens, health hazards and national health standards.
In terms of comprehensively improving the treatment capacity of county-level hospitals, the Plan pointed out that to meet the needs of the urbanization of the county towns, to moderately advance the planning and layout, focus on improving the infrastructure conditions of a county-level hospital (including the county hospital), and give full play to the county-level hospitals. The leading role of the hospital, radiation has led to the overall improvement of the medical service capacity in the county, and the first point of treatment for the epidemic situation has been firmly established. Build convertible wards and expand the intensive care unit (ICU, including related specialty intensive care units, the same below) beds, generally set up intensive care beds according to 2-5% of the prepared beds, "ordinary" can be used as general beds, according to different Scale and function, equipped with necessary medical equipment such as ventilator, can be immediately converted in the event of a major epidemic.
According to the "Plan", the construction of county hospitals' ability to treat infectious diseases requires "combination of peace and war", equal emphasis on Chinese and Western medicine, and the ability to quickly open infectious disease beds when outbreaks occur. No less than 20, no less than 50 counties with a population of 300,000 to 500,000, no less than 80 with counties with a population of 500,000 to 1 million, and no less than 100 with counties with a population of more than 1 million. All localities should make overall plans for building capacity of township health centers, community health service centers, village clinics and other grass-roots medical and health institutions to form a joint force for medical treatment and epidemic prevention and control within the county.
In addition, in terms of improving and perfecting the urban infectious disease treatment network, the "Proposal" proposes to build a hierarchical and tiered urban infectious disease treatment network based on the principle of "combination of peace and war, hierarchical classification, and efficient collaboration." The prefecture-level cities should build infectious disease hospitals or relatively independent comprehensive hospitals for infectious disease areas to achieve 100% compliance, as the main force for the diagnosis and treatment of major epidemics in the region with integrated Chinese and Western medicine, and training of medical personnel. Prefecture-level cities with small populations designate qualified third-level comprehensive hospitals as designated hospitals for infectious diseases. In principle, new independent infectious disease hospitals are not encouraged.
According to the actual situation, each region selects 1-2 existing medical institutions for reconstruction and expansion in each city. In principle, cities with a population of less than 1 million (urban population, the same below) have 60-100 beds; 1-5 million people In cities, 100-600 beds are set; in cities with a population of more than 5 million, there are no fewer than 600 beds. Areas that have met the conditions for medical treatment of infectious diseases will no longer be constructed. In principle, the beds in the intensive care unit (ICU) account for 5-10% of the beds in the hospital.
The "Proposal" proposes to transform and upgrade the major epidemic treatment base. Relying on the comprehensive strength, especially high-level hospitals (including traditional Chinese medicine hospitals) with outstanding specialties such as infectious diseases, respiratory diseases, and severe diseases, according to the population size, radiation area and epidemic prevention and control pressure, combined with the construction of national emergency teams, each province will build 1 -3 major epidemic treatment bases, responsible for the centralized treatment of critically ill patients and the centralized storage of emergency supplies, can respond quickly when a major epidemic occurs, effectively improve the cure rate of critically ill patients and reduce the mortality rate.
One is to strengthen the construction of intensive care unit (ICU). In principle, set up intensive care beds according to 10-15% (or not less than 200) of the beds prepared by the hospital, set a certain number of negative pressure wards and negative pressure operating rooms, and configure cardiopulmonary resuscitation, ventilators, and extracorporeal membranes according to different sizes and functions Necessary medical equipment such as pulmonary oxygenation (ECMO).
The second is the construction of convertible wards. According to the requirements of "combination of peace and war", the existing wards and imaging examination rooms are renovated to meet the protection requirements of two passages in three districts in wartime. Renovate.
The third is to improve the conditions of specialized facilities such as respiration and infection. Encourage the establishment of independent wards or hospitals, focus on strengthening the construction of business rooms such as inspection and fever clinics, set up outpatient and emergency observation beds at 2-3% of hospital beds, and build scientific research and teaching rooms as needed to strengthen the building of blood security capabilities , Equipped with relevant equipment, strengthen professional talent team building and ability training.
The fourth is to improve public health inspection and testing, scientific research and emergency medical rescue capabilities. Integrate the existing resources of the hospital and combine the actual work needs to build a laboratory that reaches the second or third level of biosafety, a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) laboratory, and an infectious disease dissection room. Strengthen the emergency medical rescue rapid response equipment configuration.
Fifth, strengthen the emergency rescue material reserve. Reserve a certain number of materials for the treatment of critically ill patients, ordinary patient monitoring, and equipment in sheltered hospitals. "Peace" meets the normal needs of the hospital, and "wartime" is subject to the unified national dispatch. Scientifically determine the reserve scale and equipment category, enhance the ability to effectively resist the first wave of demand shocks, and win valuable time for subsequent production and supply.
Sixth, support qualified Chinese medicine institutions to build laboratories that reach the second or third level of biosafety, and improve the research support platform for Chinese medicine to respond to public health emergencies.
The "Plan" also proposes to promote the dual-purpose transformation of public facilities in peace and war. Draw lessons from the transformation experience of shelter cabin hospitals and civil air defense projects, raise the standards for construction of public facilities such as large stadiums and exhibition halls (convention and exhibition centers), fully consider emergency needs during the construction or reconstruction of related facilities, and improve the design of site settings, ventilation systems, and logistics support , Reserve pipelines, information and other interfaces and transformation space, and have the basic conditions for rapid transformation into treatment and isolation places.