Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, May 17 Question: What are the "unusual" strategies during the "unusual" period? ——Forecast of the two sessions in 2020
Xinhua News Agency "Xinhua Perspective" reporter
The two national conferences in 2020, which were postponed due to the impact of the new coronary pneumonia epidemic, will kick off on May 21. At the same time, this year is the year for China to win a full-scale construction of a well-off society, fight against poverty, and to close the 13th Five-Year Plan. What are the highlights of the two meetings held in such a special period?
Aspect 1: How to fight the second half of epidemic prevention and control?
After the outbreak of the New Coronary Pneumonia, the Party Central Committee made epidemic prevention and control a top priority. General Secretary Xi Jinping personally directed and personally deployed and insisted on putting people ’s lives and health in the first place. After arduous and arduous efforts, the defensive battles in Wuhan and Hubei achieved decisive results, and the epidemic prevention and control battles achieved major strategic results.
Currently, epidemic prevention and control has entered the "second half."
First, the epidemic situation at home and abroad is still not optimistic. On the one hand, the situation of foreign epidemics is severe and complex, and the number of confirmed cases and deaths continues to rise. According to the data released by the WHO on the 16th, there are more than 4.34 million confirmed cases outside China and 297,000 deaths; on the other hand, some parts of the country A cluster epidemic still occurs recently.
Secondly, the research staff believes that the new coronary pneumonia epidemic may exist for a long time, and the epidemic will be intermittently localized. It is necessary to prepare for a "protracted war". Under normalization, it is necessary to coordinate epidemic prevention and control and economic and social development.
Therefore, the next stage of this year, how to achieve normalized epidemic prevention and control will not relax, and promote the improvement of the public health system will be an important topic of the two sessions of the country. In addition, how China will strengthen international cooperation to fight against the epidemic, and related decisions and trends have also attracted worldwide attention.
Hu Yu, member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and director of the Concord Hospital of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, said that the current challenges of epidemic prevention and control risks still exist and must not be forgotten. The overall prevention and control strategy of "foreign defense input, internal defense rebound" must be fully implemented. Disposal, precise control and effective treatment.
At the same time, “This response to the new coronary pneumonia epidemic has exposed China ’s shortcomings in major epidemic prevention and control systems, public health systems, and so on.” Hu Yu said: “During the two sessions, other representatives will focus on making up for shortcomings, Plugging loopholes, strengths and weaknesses, and conducting in-depth discussions around issues such as improving the ability of epidemic monitoring and early warning, improving public health emergency management and treatment systems, and rationalizing the medical and health system. "
Aspect 2: How to determine the expected target of economic and social development this year?
The current overseas epidemic situation is still spreading, the impact on the world economy is still in the process of development and evolution, and China's economic development is also facing unprecedented difficulties and challenges.
Under the grim and complex situation, stabilizing the economic fundamentals and ensuring people's livelihood are the core goals. Therefore, how this year's government work report will determine the economic and social development goals, including how to set the GDP growth rate, how to arrange tasks in employment, income, environmental protection, etc., has become the focus of much attention.
At present, the downward pressure on China's economy is still relatively large. In the first quarter, China's GDP fell by 6.8% year-on-year. The main indicators from January to April are still in the falling range.
Although the challenges are severe, the fundamentals of China ’s long-term economic growth have not changed. In the second half of this year, we will focus on how to stabilize employment, finance, foreign trade, foreign investment, investment, and expectations to ensure employment, basic livelihood, market players, food and energy security, and industrial chain supply chain stability. Keeping the grassroots level in operation has attracted much attention.
Zhang Liqun, a researcher at the Department of Macroeconomic Research of the Development Research Center of the State Council, believes that during the two sessions, the representatives will focus on how to adhere to the overall tone of steady progress, with the expansion of domestic demand as a strategic fulcrum, allowing investment, consumption, and export to drive economic growth. "Carriage" restores power.
"In addition to policy stimulus, boosting the economy must continue to deepen reforms. The government work report will release a series of new policy signals, and our confidence will be more firm." Zhang Liqun said.
Aspect 3: How to get rid of poverty and tackle "hard bones" to complete "additional questions"?
2020 is the year to win the battle against poverty, and the remaining mission to overcome poverty is arduous. At present, there are still 52 poor counties that have not removed their hats, 2,707 poor villages have not been listed, and 5.51 million poor people have not escaped poverty. Nearly 2 million of the people who have been lifted out of poverty are at risk of returning to poverty, and nearly 3 million of the marginalized population are at risk of causing poverty.
At present, the fight against poverty has entered the countdown, and the final sprint is being launched-focusing on deep poverty areas such as "three districts and three states", 52 poor counties with uncapped supervision and 1113 villages with large numbers of poor people and difficulty in poverty relief. In addition to the "hard bones" of "the poor in poverty and the difficulties in poverty", affected by the epidemic, some assistance work is difficult to carry out, migrant workers are blocked, and industrial poverty alleviation has encountered difficulties.
Time is tight and pressure is high. How to successfully complete the task of poverty alleviation as scheduled and effectively cope with the "additional test questions" brought about by the epidemic situation needs to work together on behalf of the members and make suggestions.
Wang Sangui, president of the China Academy for Poverty Alleviation, said that the progress of poverty alleviation is in line with expectations, and achievements have attracted worldwide attention. Judging from the arrangements of the relevant departments, one of the priorities of this year's work is to strengthen industrial poverty alleviation, and at the same time establish a working mechanism to prevent return to poverty. The next step is to strengthen the connection between poverty alleviation and rural revitalization, and comprehensively promote the development of rural industries, talents, culture, and ecology.
Aspect 4: How to ensure a well-off society in an all-round way?
2020 is the year when a well-off society will be fully built and the 13th Five-Year Plan will be completed. Standing at the historical meeting point of the "two hundred years" struggle goals, facing a more complicated domestic and foreign environment, how to ensure the realization of the goals and lay a good foundation for the new stage and the new voyage, the relevant discussions of the representatives will also become an important aspect .
Resolutely fighting the three major battles of prevention and resolution of major risks, precise poverty alleviation, and pollution prevention and control is an inevitable requirement for building a well-off society in an all-round way, and is a gateway that must be crossed in order to achieve high-quality development. Among them, getting rid of poverty is a hard task that must be completed to build a well-off society in an all-round way. This year has entered a crucial stage of decisive battle.
In addition, the ecological environment is not only an important well-being of the people, but also a guarantee for the sustainable development of the economy and society. The battle against pollution is continuing to advance vigorously. According to data from the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, from January to October 2019, the surface water quality in the whole country increased by 2.3 percentage points year-on-year for Class 3 sections; the ratio of inferior Class 5 sections decreased by 1.9 percent year-on-year. The average concentration of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) in prefecture-level cities and above nationwide remained flat year-on-year.
Building a well-off society in an all-round way is not only reflected in the material level of economic development, scientific and technological progress, and the increase in people's income, but also in the spiritual level of people's pursuit of fairness and justice, the protection of individual rights, and the need for a rich and colorful cultural life.
Professor Xin Ming of the Central Party School (National School of Administration) said that topics such as housing, old-age care, education, medical care, and cultural construction have always been hot topics of the two conferences. In the year of a decisive victory to build a well-off society in an all-round way, discussing these issues Part of the focus will be on fairness and quality.
Xin Ming said that in the next step, in the preparation of the "Fourteenth Five-Year Plan", strategic response and planning should be made, the benchmark should be fully built into a well-off society, and the development goals should be set higher. The key points include: improving the country's governance capacity and level, Deepen reform, promote ecological and environmental protection, and achieve higher economic quality and sustainable development.
Aspect 5: How to protect the people's livelihood?
People's livelihood is even more popular. The protection of people's livelihood in the context of this year's epidemic is particularly touching and is the top priority.
The first is that employment pressure cannot be avoided. Statistics from the National Bureau of Statistics show that the unemployment rate in the national urban survey in February was 6.2%, and the unemployment rate in the national urban survey in April was 1 percentage point higher than the same period last year.
Among the employment groups, college students and migrant workers are particularly prominent. The number of college graduates in 2020 will reach 8.74 million, a record high. Affected by the epidemic, the job signing rate for graduates this year is significantly lower than in previous years. In addition, SMEs have laid off staff or reduced the number of workers, and some migrant workers have to return to their hometowns.
The economic downturn also directly affected residents' income. How to protect the "rice bags" and "money bags" of the people and strengthen the protection of low-income groups, especially those in difficulty, is urgent.
Xu Guangjian, a professor at the School of Public Administration of Renmin University of China, said that people's livelihood issues are the most sensitive. The more the special period, the more the bottom line and the more stable the chassis.
The central government has recently issued a strong signal of a "stabilization of employment" policy. The State Council has issued a series of policies to help small and micro enterprises, reduce taxes and fees, and promote the employment of key groups such as college graduates, migrant workers, and people with employment difficulties. During the two sessions, the delegates will focus their wisdom on making plans to study how to increase unemployment protection and strengthen the protection of the disadvantaged groups; further relieve the burden of small and medium-sized enterprises, help the market recover and increase employment opportunities; promote new kinetic energy growth and promote the service industry upgrade.
In addition, how to further solve the problems of "difficult medical treatment" and "expensive medical treatment", how to implement garbage classification, how effective the new policy of "adjacent schooling" at the stage of compulsory education, how to promote the transformation of old communities, and how to speed up the construction of nursing homes will also be widely accepted. Topic of concern.
Aspect 6: What breakthrough did the Civil Code guarantee the people's rights and interests?
During the two sessions of the National People's Congress, the Third Session of the 13th National People's Congress will also review the draft Civil Code that has been brewing for many years.
Since the founding of New China, it has initiated the formulation of civil law four times. In 2014, the Fourth Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee decided to propose the major legislative task of codifying the civil code. In 2017, the General Principles of Civil Law were voted through. Since then, the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress has repeatedly reviewed the drafts of each branch. The 2019 "full version" of the Chinese Civil Code Draft debuted.
The draft of the Civil Code, which is composed of the General Rules of Civil Law and the sub-drafts of the Civil Code, includes 7 chapters and additional articles, a total of 84 chapters and more than 1,200 articles. It is a law that comprehensively protects the rights and interests of the people and is known as "social "Encyclopedia of Life" and "Declaration Book" on the Rights of People in the New Era.
The draft Civil Code not only covers all aspects of the people's lives, including food, clothing, housing, transportation, birth, old age, sickness, death, and production, but also keeps pace with the times, constantly adapting to the requirements of the times.
Wang Yi, dean of the School of Law of Renmin University of China, believes that the draft civil code reflects the characteristics of the times in the 21st century and responds directly to many social and livelihood issues. For example, the protection of personal information in the context of big data, the conclusion and fulfillment of electronic contracts in the Internet environment, the code of conduct to be followed in medical and scientific research activities related to human genes, human embryos, etc. "These topics will continue to be hot spots in the deliberations of the two sessions." He said.
In addition, during the public consultation period of the China National People's Congress, the draft of the Civil Code received 114,574 comments submitted by 13,718 netizens. Wang Yi said that the focus of feedback is also the focus of this review. For example, "Data in the draft general plan, virtual property on the network, further response to the issue of" three powers split "in the contracted land in the draft real rights, and property service contracts in the draft contract that are closely related to thousands of households."
Aspect 7: The external environment is becoming increasingly complex. How will China respond?
Affected by the spread of the global epidemic, China's external environment is becoming increasingly complex. As the world economy is declining, some Western politicians frequently "scratch the pan" to China in order to evade their ineffective epidemic prevention. Some Western media have vilified China's image, the trend of populism and narrow nationalism has heated up, and the trend of anti-globalization and trade protectionism has risen.
The central government pointed out that it is necessary to adhere to the bottom line thinking and make a good preparation for ideology and work for a long time to respond to changes in the external environment. At the same time, based on such judgments, what kind of foreign policy China will adopt in the future and how to deal with international relations have attracted worldwide attention.
Zhang Zhanbin, member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and dean of the Marxist School of the Central Party School (National School of Administration), said that unity replaces differences and rationality eliminates prejudice. Based on the concept of a community of shared future for mankind, we can overcome difficulties together, strengthen international cooperation, and crack down on various world Difficulties and challenges are the basic tenets of our handling of current international relations.
On the other hand, "The more complex the external environment, the more important it is to practice your own internal skills." Zhang Zhanbin said, "At present, we must stabilize our position, keep the bottom line, coordinate the promotion of epidemic prevention and control and economic and social development, and do our own things. This is also a contribution to global social and economic stability.
In addition, he believes that during the two sessions, how to maintain the overall situation of China's opening to the outside world, further promote a stable foreign policy, continue to provide China's plan for the construction of a community of human destiny, tell a good story about China and create a good environment for international public opinion will also be a hot Discussion topic. (Reporters: Shu Jing, Gao Lei, Wang Peng, Zhai Yongguan, Li Jinfeng, Song Jia, Luo Sha)