The "Three Warriors" of the Long March of Manned Spaceflight debuted at the "escort" China Space Station

　　China News Agency, Beijing, May 5 Question: Manned aerospace long march "three warriors" unveiled together to "escort" the construction of China's space station

　　Author Guo Chaokai

　　Since the formal approval of the project in 1992, China's manned spaceflight project has gone through 28 years. With the successful first flight of the Long March 5B carrier rocket on the 5th, the "Three Warriors" of the Long March rocket that participated in the construction of China's manned spaceflight project have all been unveiled.

　　China's manned spaceflight project is implemented in accordance with the "three-step" development strategy. The Long March rocket developed by the China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology, a subsidiary of China Aerospace Science and Technology Group Co., Ltd., has been involved, including the Long March 2F rocket and the Long March Rocket No. 7 and Long March No. 5 B rocket.

　　The Long March 2 F rocket with the reputation of "Shenjian" is the "big brother" of the "Three Warriors" of the Chinese manned space flight. On November 20, 1999, the Long March 2 F rocket was launched for the first time and succeeded, sending China's first unmanned experimental spacecraft "Shenzhou 1" into space.

　　For more than 20 years, the Long March 2 F rocket has sent 13 unmanned spacecraft, 6 manned spacecraft, and 2 space laboratories into space with 13 flights and a 100% success rate. The reliability index of the rocket reaches 0.97, and the safety index of the astronaut reaches 0.997. It is the carrier rocket with the highest reliability and safety index in China.

　　Zhang Zhi, the chief designer of the Long March 2 F rocket, still has a fresh memory of the type of rocket knocking on the door of the world. He explained: "The so-called reliability of 0.97 refers to 100 launches in short, and no more than 3 failures. Among these 3 possible failures, the probability of an accident that endangers the safety of astronauts is less than 0.003. China Changer F rocket It is completely designed according to this standard. After 13 times of actual combat tests, the actual verification value of the reliability and safety of the Chang 2 F rocket has exceeded this set of data and is at the international leading level. "

　　According to the plan, the "third step" of China's manned space project will carry out the construction of the manned space station to complete China's complete manned space station engineering system. This requires a new generation of launch vehicles Changzheng 7 and Changzheng 5B to execute cargo spaceships, Launch missions such as space core cabin and experiment cabin.

　　In 2016, the Long March No. 7 rocket carried the first flight of the Expedition No. 1 upper class successfully, sending 7 payloads into the intended orbit. In 2017, the rocket successfully launched the "Tianzhou I" cargo spaceship, sending China's first "space express" for Tiangong II.

　　Meng Gang, chief commander of the Long March 7 rocket, introduced that the Long March 7 rocket was a type 1 rocket developed for the launch of a cargo spacecraft for manned space projects. Its main purpose is to transport various materials to the space station, including drinking water, extravehicular space suits, etc. Living materials for astronauts living in space also include materials needed for the operation and maintenance of the space station, such as solar battery wings and equipment spare parts; they can also implement on-orbit replenishment of propellant to the space station to supplement the space station with propellant. Therefore, this type of rocket also has the title of "space freight train".

　　With the two "brothers" of the Long March 2 F rocket and the Long March 7 rocket, the Long March 5 B rocket is not far behind.

　　At 18:00 on May 5th, the Long March 5B rocket ushered in its first show, successfully sending a new generation of manned spaceship test ship and flexible inflatable cargo return cabin test cabin to the predetermined orbit, and the first flight mission was a complete success.

　　Wang Jue, chief commander of the Long March 5B rocket, introduced that the Long March 5B rocket is a new type of configuration rocket specially built for China's manned spaceflight project, representing the highest level of Chinese carrier rocket technology and undertaking the launch of the core of the manned spaceflight engineering space station. The arduous tasks of the capsule and the experimental capsule are the backbone forces involved in the construction of the space station.

　　During the development period, the Long March 5B rocket broke through a series of key technologies such as low-temperature rocket "zero window" launching technology, large-diameter cabin arrow separation technology, and high-thrust direct orbiting technology, many of which are needed to meet the needs of the space station cabin segment Unique technology.

　　The successful first flight of the Long March 5B rocket marked that the construction of the Chinese manned space station will enter a substantial stage. In the future, the "Three Warriors" of the long march of manned space will work together to undertake the launch missions of the Chinese space station cabin, manned spacecraft, and cargo spacecraft, help the Chinese space station to be built as soon as possible, and build a broader stage for China's spaceflight. (Finish)