Saad Hariri .. The heir of chance in the field of mine Lebanese politics

Lebanese Prime Minister Saad al-Hariri's path has not been rosy since he entered politics. The son, traumatized by the assassination of his father, former Prime Minister Rafik Hariri, had to walk in a minefield inside Lebanon.

After 14 years of political action, with three governments headed by Hariri, Hariri finds himself in a "dead end" that forced him to resign in response to the demands of the angry street and his desire to create a positive shock and form a new government.

Between the first shock caused by the assassination of his father, which pushed him to the top of the pyramid of power, and the second shock chosen by Hariri to shake the political scene; many things have changed, how was Hariri's political career in this period?

Between business and politics
Saad, the second son of Rafik Hariri from his first wife, Nidal Bustani, who was born in the Saudi capital of Riyadh, was not fond of politics. After he received his international business degree from Georgetown University in the United States, he broke into the business world.

After leading a number of prominent companies founded by his father, including Saudi Oger between 1994 and 2005; Hariri found himself in another world no less exciting than the business world.

But Hariri's entry into politics was not his will. After the assassination of his father in the Beirut bombing of his convoy on February 14, 2005, many expected that the eldest son, Bahaeddin Hariri, would take over the banner and lead the political axis led by his father as he was the oldest and wealthiest member of the family. However, for some reason, the elder and the younger brother were delayed.

With this "progress," Saad al-Hariri starred to become one of the most important poles of Lebanese politics, and to take responsibility for the political legacy of his father, while the elder brother reluctantly accepted it.

In the first step, Saad Hariri led the Future Movement and formed the "March 14 bloc", which included political forces, most notably the Future Movement under his leadership, the Progressive Socialist Party, the Phalange Party and the Lebanese Forces.

In 2005, Hariri was elected as a member of parliament, then re-elected to the 2009 parliamentary session.

On June 27, 2009, Saad Hariri was tasked by President Michel Suleiman to form the government, but faced many difficulties to announce on September 10, 2009, his apology for its formation.

Commissioning and difficulties
Following his reassignment by the President of the Republic, and a round of tough dialogues and negotiations with various political currents, Hariri was able to announce the formation of his first government on November 9, 2009.

His government faced many difficulties with the imminent decision on the assassination of his father approaching, with the ministers of Hezbollah, Amal and the Free Patriotic Movement insisting on bringing the issue of false witnesses to the case and requesting their referral to the Justice Council.

In light of this political crisis, ministers of the Reform and Change Bloc, Amal Movement and Hizbullah resigned on January 12, 2011, and the number of resigned ministers rose to 11, losing the constitutional quorum and resigning it.

After the fall of his government, Saad al-Hariri left Lebanon in 2011 to live in self-imposed exile, moving between France and Saudi Arabia.He returned in August 2014 in the vacuum of the presidency after the end of the term of President Michel Suleiman and a sharp polarization in the domestic arena.

On November 3, 2016, President Michel Aoun commissioned Saad Hariri to form a new government after the support of most deputies and parliamentary blocs, especially Aoun's Change and Reform bloc.

Saad Hariri, who served as prime minister between 2009 and 2011, returned to the government as part of a compromise deal that led to the election of Aoun as president on October 31, 2016, ending a 29-month gap in the country's first position.

Resignation and retreat
Hariri triggered a political and diplomatic crisis that later developed into a crisis between Lebanon and Saudi Arabia after he announced his resignation on November 4, 2017, in a televised speech from the Saudi capital Riyadh broadcast by Saudi media.

Hariri said in his resignation letter that he feared being assassinated, adding that "I touched what is being secretly targeted to target my life," pointing out that this is similar to the stage before the assassination of his father, former Prime Minister Rafik Hariri.

Hariri pointed to the reasons for his resignation by saying that he felt the existence of a state within the state, referring to Hezbollah, and stressed his refusal to use the party's weapons against the Lebanese and Syrians, and said that "Hezbollah's intervention caused us problems with our Arab environment."

Hariri remained in Saudi Arabia for nearly two weeks, during which there was widespread talk of his house arrest, and the Lebanese president said on November 11, 2017 that the prime minister had been "kidnapped." He called on Saudi Arabia to clarify his ambiguous situation, and Washington joined the demand for his return to his country.

On November 18, 2017, Hariri left Riyadh for France two weeks after his sudden resignation, which raised questions about whether he was being held, following French intervention with Saudi authorities.

On November 22, 2017, he arrived in Lebanon (Lebanon), and announced after a meeting with President Michel Aoun that he would quit his resignation after a request from the president, and renewed his call to distance himself from anything that affects the Arab brothers, he said.

Elections and crisis
During the May 2018 parliamentary elections, the Hariri (Future Movement) party retreated, gaining only 21 seats, losing one-third of the seats it won in 2009, while Hezbollah and its allies won more than half.

After nine months of waiting for Aoun to appoint Hariri to form his third government, Hariri announced the formation of 30 ministers on January 31, 2001.

But this one-year-old government faces a storm of crisis for nearly two weeks of massive protests calling for its departure, the formation of a competent government, early elections, the recovery of looted funds, the fight against rampant corruption and the accountability of spoilers.