With the beginning of the new month in Russia, normative legal acts traditionally come into force. So, from October 1, salaries will be increased by 4.3% for those state employees who were not affected by the May decrees of Russian President Vladimir Putin.
The increase in salaries will affect the nurses of kindergartens, personnel officers, lawyers, accountants, technical workers and social psychologists, maintenance staff (programmers, electricians, locksmiths, cleaners).
Also, 4.3% will increase salaries for employees of the Russian Foreign Ministry, diplomatic missions, consular offices and civil servants in accordance with their ranks.
Money for these purposes will be allocated by the state. Regions and municipalities from the beginning of the year had to lay these funds in their budget.
- © Vladimir Astapkovich / RIA News
Open fire ban
From the beginning of October, Russians will be prohibited from raising open fire on balconies and loggias of apartments, dormitories and hotels. Thus, now in these territories it will be impossible, for example, to fry kebabs.
The decision did not clarify the wording “open fire” and the media reported that the ban also applies to smoking. The Ministry of Emergency Situations explained that the rules do not prohibit smoking on balconies, but in the event of a fire it will be easier for victims to receive compensation.
“From October 1, it will be easier for victims to recover from the perpetrators for damage caused by careless handling of fire. The decree does not prohibit smoking in the balcony, but it is necessary to remember responsibility before the law, caution, your safety and the safety of others, ”the agency’s website says.
The ministry also said that the number of fires on balconies and loggias is growing annually in Russia. In 60% of cases, the cause for fire was negligence when smoking, in other cases - the use of a barbecue, the launch of firecrackers, malfunctioning wiring or electrical appliances. Over the past year, 12 people died from such fires, another 135 were injured.
“According to statistics, in 2016 there were 907 fires on balconies and loggias, in 2017 - 1478, in 2018 - 1964, in 2019, since the beginning of the year, 1823 fires have already occurred. The figure is growing annually. The five leaders: Moscow - 211 cases, St. Petersburg - 111, Moscow region - 104, the Republic of Bashkortostan - 69, ”the Ministry of Emergencies said.
Violation of fire safety requirements is punishable by a fine of up to 5 thousand rubles. In the event of a fire, the offender faces criminal penalties.
The government decree also obliges hospitals to place wards of children and seriously ill patients on the first floors, if possible. Cinemas from October 1 before the start of the film will be required to tell customers what to do in case of fire using sound or video.
- © Alexey Malgavko / RIA News
“This is a recovery”
Starting October 1, the requirements for hostels in apartment buildings will be tightened. Now, in order to provide hotel services, it is necessary to transfer the premises to the category of non-residential and to fulfill a number of other requirements, including equipping a separate entrance.
As the State Duma Speaker Vyacheslav Volodin noted, when developing the parliament, both the right of citizens to comfortable conditions and the interests of entrepreneurs were taken into account.
“In this case, we must do everything so that our citizens live in comfortable conditions and do not violate their rights. As for the rights of hosters, we also thought about it, because we are talking only about apartment buildings. Hostels have the opportunity on the ground floors to equip a hostel, with a separate entrance. And then we will have a balance of interests of the citizen and business, ”he said.
The document was adopted by the State Duma in March. Initially, it was assumed that the law would enter into force 10 days after signing by the president, but later the State Duma and the Federation Council postponed the date to October 1, so that the business could be restructured to meet new requirements.
According to the vice-president of the Federation of restaurateurs and hoteliers Sergey Kolesnikov, such a step will lead to the improvement of the hostel market.
“In my perception, this is healing. In fact, it’s about the same when before all of Moscow was teeming with stalls and eateries, as a result, everything turned into the normal format of shops, markets - civilization came into sales. The same thing - leaving hostels from places where they should not be located, ”he told RT.
Kolesnikov stressed that over the period since March, those entrepreneurs who wanted to stay in business have already managed to adapt. “For the most part, only shelters will suffer. The one who was engaged in a real hostel, I think that is unlikely to suffer, they built their business initially in the right places, ”he concluded.
“The most important infrastructure project”
Part of the changes will affect the banking sector. So, all systemically significant banks will be required to the Central Bank's quick payment system. We are talking about the 11 largest Russian credit organizations. The system itself allows individuals to transfer money instantly around the clock by phone number to themselves or other people, regardless of the bank.
“The quick payment system is the most important infrastructure project of national importance, aimed at promoting competition, improving the quality of payment services, expanding financial affordability, reducing the cost of payments for the population,” the Central Bank website says.
Also, commissions for payments through this system will also begin to operate, they will be charged only from legal entities. For mass payments (for example, payment of medical or educational services or housing and communal services), the maximum fee will not exceed 0.4% of the total amount, for the rest a maximum of 0.7%.
The head of Sberbank German Gref previously noted that they will not have time to connect to the system from October 1 and this will happen later.
“The decision to connect is made, the connection process will begin. On October 1, of course, we will not be able to connect physically, because it requires a large number of improvements both on our side and on the SBP side. Now a dialogue is underway, the deadlines are being determined, ”he said at the Eastern Economic Forum on September 5.
Another innovation is the indicator of debt burden (PDN). The Bank of Russia introduces this indicator to assess customer debt. Based on it, credit organizations will decide on the issue or non-issue of money.
PDN will be calculated as follows - the amount of all obligatory loan payments is added to the payment for a future loan, after which it is compared with the average income of the client over the past six months.
If payments are above 50% of the income, then the client will be recognized as high-risk. He may be put forward more stringent conditions for granting a loan.
- © Alexey Sukhorukov / RIA News
Sberbank will also reduce mortgage rates by 0.3 percentage points. The percentage is reduced in the case of refinancing a mortgage loan of another bank - by 0.6 percentage points.
“Sberbank announces a reduction in interest rates on mortgages, applications for which will be submitted from 01.10.2019. Now you can purchase apartments in a new building with a mortgage at a rate of 7.3% per annum, and an apartment on the secondary market - from 8.8%, ”the bank’s press release says.
Europrotocol
The changes will affect motorists as well - from October 1, it will be possible to draw up the maximum indemnity for the Euro protocol under compulsory motor liability insurance in the event of an accident in any region of Russia. Thus, the amount can go up to 400 thousand rubles. Currently, these conditions apply only to Moscow, the Moscow region, St. Petersburg and the Leningrad region.
To qualify for such a payment, it is necessary to fix the accident in a special mobile application or using the GLONASS device, which records the accident and transmits data on acceleration and impact force to the operator.
The rules for transporting children have changed. After the beginning of October, they can only be transported by buses that are equipped with safety belts. Previously, such rules only concerned transport between cities and countries.
- © Natalya Seliverstova / RIA News
Sale of berries and fruits
Also from October 1, from 20% to 10% the VAT rate for the sale of berries and fruits will be reduced. The relevant amendments to the tax code were approved on August 2 by Russian President Vladimir Putin. As Volodin explained, this will allow the Russians involved in the cultivation and sale of fruits and berries to increase working capital and, due to them, to increase the number of orchards.
Reducing VAT on the sale of berries and fruits will facilitate the work of companies working in this area, the president of the National Trade Association, Vadim Zuykov, is convinced.
“Maybe it will be easier for those companies that are engaged in this area, the money will remain on investments, on business development. This is not always at the final price (reflected. - RT ). Perhaps then, in the future, volumes will be larger, and then prices will fall. Now the berries have been purchased, winter is coming soon, maybe this will affect next year, ”he told RT.
The reverse process awaits sellers of palm oil - for them, VAT will be increased from 10% to 20%. According to State Duma Speaker Vyacheslav Volodin, the funds received from this will be used to support milk producers.