Rare diseases are a reality in the lives of millions of people around the world. Although most of them are unknown, their number exceeds 7,000.

The label "rare diseases" refers to diseases that affect only five people out of every ten thousand, said author Maria Moya in a report published in the magazine "Moi Interenti" Spanish. According to the World Health Organization, there are more than seven thousand types of these diseases, most of which are difficult to diagnose and follow-up, and researchers have not yet been treated.

About 40 percent of people with rare diseases have to leave their homes and go to other cities in search of proper treatment. More than half of them expressed dissatisfaction with their health care, and 72% complained that at least once they had received inadequate treatment because of the lack of medical information about their rare disease.

Each year, 28 February has been designated as a global day of rare diseases, to highlight the situation of people who suffer directly or indirectly from the consequences of these diseases.

Here are 16 rare diseases:

1 - lymphatic musculoskeletal lymphoma
A rare disease that affects exclusively women between the age of 20 and forty, is the overlap and growth of muscle cells in the lungs, pulmonary blood, lymphatic vessels and pleura. This imbalance develops slowly but continuously. Symptoms include coughing, chest pain, shortness of breath, and blood flow from the respiratory tract, usually ending the patient's life due to respiratory failure.

2. Scleroderma scleroderma
A defect that affects the autoimmune system in the connective membranes, and is characterized by an unusual stiffness of the skin, and sometimes in other organs. The causes of the disease are still unknown, but it is a secondary reaction to another problem, affecting the lungs, heart and digestive system.

3 - Glaucoma affects the eyes since birth
Affects one in ten thousand births in industrialized countries. Glaucoma or glaucoma has a range of health problems that can damage the optic nerves responsible for transferring the image from the retina to the brain to be analyzed. The nerve loses its fibers, so the patient's field of vision decreases, begins to suffer from tears, To keep his eyes closed.

4 - the lateral sclerosis
Neurodegenerative disease develops gradually, affecting nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord. This degeneration of the motor neurons in the body may lead to death. When a person is infected, the brain loses the ability to move and control the muscles. The sufferers end up paralyzed, and months are known to have been hit by world-renowned Stephen Hawking.

5 - Ablation of epidermal epidermal epidermis bollosa dystrophica
One of the types of bubonic disease is a group of disorders that occur in the skin after any minor injury, a genetic condition that leads to red blisters in the skin. This disease can threaten the life of the patient as it can lead to damage to its organs, and in popular circles called butterfly skin syndrome, because of the fragility of the patient's skin membrane.

Huntington's disease
A genetic condition that causes damage to some nerve cells in the brain, and those infected with a genetic defect, but the symptoms appear only after the age of thirty or forty. The first symptoms include involuntary movements, loss of balance, loss of hand control. In advanced stages, the disease stops walking, talking and swallowing, and some people get to know their relatives or express their feelings.

7. Friedrich Friedreich's ataxia
A disease of difficult coordination of movements, a rare condition that affects the nervous system. Symptoms include difficulty walking, muscle weakness, speech difficulty, involuntary movements of the eyes, and curvature of the body. It is usually accompanied by heart problems, the first symptoms appear between the ages of 5 and 15, and then a person needs a wheelchair.

8. Irritability
A health problem that has not been studied so far, because of its scarcity, where the lack of iris affects one of the 60 to 100 thousand new births. People suffering from this disease have a mutation in the gene "Pax 6". The cause of this mutation is not yet known, but sufferers suffer from a complete absence of the iris.

9 - myasthenia gravis
This neurological disease causes weakness in the muscles of the body responsible for breathing and moving the limbs, including the hands and legs, because of the body's failure to transfer nerve impulses to the muscles. Symptoms include eyelids, blurred vision, trouble swallowing, and inability to speak.

Tarlov Cysts
A rare disease is the formation of small bags of fluid around the spinal pathways in the spinal cord, causing severe pain and inability to control urination.

11 - inherited spastic paralysis
This genetic disease causes progressive weakness in the legs with frequent convulsions, and those who suffer from convulsions and muscle tension, which makes walking difficult.

12. Poisonous oil syndrome
Appeared in Spain during the 1980s, and the chemical element that leads to its appearance is not yet known, but appears to be caused by the consumption of rapeseed oil. Symptoms include pulmonary hypertension, convulsions and acute muscle aches.

13. Arnold Kayari syndrome
Are actually defects in the structure of the brain, and there are several types of this disease, which occurs often in the skull, where it is smaller than usual, and thus force the brain membrane to extend down the spinal canal, which causes neck pain, and balance problems and coordination movements, Vision, and abnormal numbness in the hands and legs.

14. Retinitis pigmentosa
Retinal atrophy, a genetic condition that has no cure at the moment, affects human ability to interact with light, and gradually leads to loss of sight.

15. Munyar syndrome
It appears in the hearing system through continuous dizziness and nausea due to a defect in the vessel containing the fluid inside the ear. The increase of this fluid from the presumed amount leads to temporary hearing loss, dizziness and even tinnitus.

16 - Gonther disease
Appears immediately after birth, and symptoms of dark urine color, acute anemia, and the appearance of blisters on the skin, and may lead to the disappearance of facial features. It has not yet been an effective treatment, but it is very important for the sufferers to avoid sunlight, keep the skin safe from wounds, and treat bacterial infections quickly.