When one is alienated from his brother .. Mosul after the organization of the state

With the invasion of the Islamic State of Iraq and its control of Mosul (northern Iraq) five years ago, Haitham Salem fled the city, while his nephew joined the ranks of the organization, and since then began a break in the family.

No family in the city survived the wounds of the conflict, which is still deep today. Some people have become a pariah because one or more relatives joined the organization and marginalized displaced people because they managed to escape, leaving behind families and friends at the mercy of the organization. The battles that isolated the neighborhoods from each other.

Experts and activists demand the restoration of social ties in the city of about 2 million people and has seen years of violence, tensions, resentment and mistrust from generation to generation.

The dispute between Haytham Salim, 34, a civil servant and his sister, Umm Mahmoud, is still the biggest dispute.

Haytham said his sister was harassing him for not communicating with her when she was besieged in Mosul when the state was under control, while he was forced to flee to the Kurdistan region.

But he explains later that the real reason for the fact is that one of his sister's sons belongs to the state organization, and he does not know his fate.

"My relationship was very bad with my uncle's house because I told the security forces about the whereabouts of their son, al-Da'ashi, immediately after the liberation. He was hiding in one of the houses," said 30-year-old Ragheed Ali.

Mohsen Saber, who owns a food store in the historic Nabeans market, said the only way to restore social relations was to take "real government action."

Saber added that such measures should "target the families of the state organization and solve its problem, whether to reintegrate it into society, or to bring retribution involved or otherwise."

He pointed out that some families are not guilty of what happened, and stood against the will of their children who joined the organization of the state.

Besides the role of the state, the clans have a role in Iraqi tribal society, according to Sheikh Ali al-Tamimi, chief of Bani Tamim clan in Mosul.

"We are removing families that encouraged their sons to join the organization, put them in isolated areas, and enforce the law against them," Tamimi said.

"The parents who were forced - whether father, mother, father, wife or children - are not guilty of it."

Since the restoration of control over Mosul, the city's divorce department has not been free of critics, and many families have been forced to change their homes or neighborhoods. Friends have stopped meeting after decades of shared memories.

The head of the "Iraq's Iraq" rights organization in Mosul, Amal Mohammed, said that "programs and awareness sessions - especially for school and university students - should be produced to promote the spirit of citizenship, reject extreme ideas and dignity."

"If the situation remains as it is now, administrative and financial corruption, unemployment and lack of livelihood for some, they are likely to turn to terrorism," she warned.