Some 4,000 qualified practitioners outside the European Union (called Padhue) have worked in French hospitals for years. Since January 1, 2024, these doctors must pass a very selective competition called “knowledge verification tests” (EVC), to be able to be reinstated.

But places are expensive: 2,700 positions for more than 8,000 candidates in 2023, some of whom are trying their luck from abroad. After an outcry from the unions, the executive decided to extend their temporary work authorizations by one year, until they pass the 2024 EVC.