Iran: UN experts document crimes against humanity. 551 demonstrators are believed to have been killed by security forces in the ensuing protests, most by gunfire.
Hundreds of minors were among those arrested, including children no older than ten years old. There were gang rapes and torture with electric shock to the genitals. At least nine men were arbitrarily executed between December 2022 and January 2024. The highest state authorities encouraged the security forces to commit human rights violations. The commission encouraged other countries to find ways to hold perpetrators accountable, including through their domestic courts.