Hong Kong's National Security Ordinance goes into effect today; concerns about further tightening of controls. Ordinance cracks down on acts that threaten national security such as espionage.

There are concerns that the ordinance will further tighten control over Hong Kong society, as the definition of criminal acts is broad and ambiguous and can be applied arbitrarily. Hong Kong's top government chief executive Li Jiachao signed the ordinance on the 22nd, stating, ''National security in Hong Kong will be more strongly protected starting tomorrow''