Brussels unveiled on Tuesday a list of 19 very large online platforms, including Twitter, TikTok and the main services of Amazon, Apple, Google, Meta and Microsoft. These companies, which each have more than 45 million active users in the European Union, will be placed under the supervision of the European Commission.

Offenders will face fines of up to 6% of their group's global turnover and, as a last resort, in the event of repeated serious infringements, a temporary ban from practising in the EU.