The work of the Group of Twenty summit concluded in the Italian capital, Rome, on Sunday evening, after two days of meetings whose deliberations topped the issues of climate change, the economy, and the fight against the Corona epidemic.
The summit's final communiqué, consisting of 61 items, carried the signatures of all G-20 countries, at the conclusion of the two-day summit.
The leaders participating in the summit agreed to reach a complete cessation of greenhouse gas emissions by the middle of the current century, while providing support to poor countries to face the effects of climate change.
The countries participating in the summit pledged to work to control global warming, as the final statement indicated the need to continue "meaningful and effective" measures to limit the increase in global temperature to 1.5 degrees Celsius, compared to the pre-industrial period.
The statement also included a pledge to stop financing coal power generation projects abroad by next year, but did not specify a time to completely stop generating electricity from coal, and only promised to achieve this as soon as possible.
Corona repercussions
In another context, the statement stressed the insistence and determination of member states to overcome the global crisis resulting from the Corona epidemic in the health and economic sectors.
And he warned that the emergence of new mutations of the Corona virus, and the disparity between people in obtaining the vaccine, are among the risks that impede economic recovery around the world.
financing for developing countries
The final statement also pledged to take steps that would lift financing restrictions on developing countries, in a move to strengthen their fight against the epidemic.
The G20 countries also pledged to transfer $100 billion to developing countries, out of a total of $650 billion in Special Drawing Rights issued by the International Monetary Fund, according to the final statement of the Rome summit on Sunday.
Thus, the Group of Twenty countries are following in the footsteps of the leaders of the Group of Seven, who had identified the amount of $ 100 billion in Special Drawing Rights, to be transferred to mostly African countries.
SDRs are distributed according to each country's quotas in the International Monetary Fund, so the bulk goes to the richer countries.
On that basis, Africa will only benefit from $34 billion, hence the idea of some developed countries to donate part of their share to the most needy countries.
Among the other commitments included in the final communiqué of the G20 Summit: Strengthening the role of women and girls at all levels, in order to achieve a "comprehensive and lasting" economic renaissance, protect energy security, and secure food security for all.
US President Joe Biden considered that the summit achieved "concrete" results on the climate, the Covid-19 epidemic, and in the files of the economy.
"I think we have achieved tangible results, thanks in part to the resolve shown by the United States at the table," he told a news conference.
Italian Prime Minister Mario Draghi welcomes German Chancellor Angela Merkel (Anatolia)
Snapshots from the top
The summit witnessed several meetings on the sidelines, the most prominent of which were meetings that brought together the US President with his Turkish counterparts, Recep Tayyip Erdogan and French, Emmanuel Macron.
On the sidelines of the summit, the French President also met with British Prime Minister Boris Johnson, after relations between their two countries witnessed recent tension over the marine fishing file.
The leaders bid farewell to outgoing German Chancellor Angela Merkel at her last summit, and Mario Draghi, Prime Minister of Italy - the host of the summit - presented her with a bouquet of roses, while other heads of state and government of the major industrialized countries stood and applauded her.