Emergency Management Department strikes a combination of prevention and resolution of major safety risks
Last year, the number of national production safety accidents fell by 15.5%
□ reporter Cai Yanhong
The unprecedented new crown pneumonia epidemic, the worst flood situation since 1998, and the profound and complex changes in the domestic and international environment have severely impacted production safety... Emergency management in 2020 will face many challenges.
In response, the Emergency Management Department took the most stringent measures to resolve outstanding risks, improved the emergency management system, perfected the emergency management legal mechanism, played a combination of prevention and resolution of major safety risks, and handed in a brilliant report card.
According to data provided by the Ministry of Emergency Management, in 2020, the number of production safety accidents and deaths across the country decreased by 15.5% and 8.3% year-on-year respectively; showing "three historical lows and two historical firsts" since the founding of New China-natural disaster deaths The number of missing persons is the lowest in history, the number of production safety accidents and deaths is the lowest in history, the number of serious accidents and deaths is the lowest in history, and there is no special major accident for the first time, and the first time in key industries such as chemical industry, fireworks, non-coal mines, industry and commerce At the same time, no major accidents occurred.
Anti-epidemic war flooding crisis
Over the past year, the cadres and staff of the emergency management system, as well as firefighting officers and fighters, have risen to difficulties and acted to fight against epidemics, wars, floods, and crisis, and strive to protect the people’s lives, property, and health.
In the face of the sudden outbreak of the new crown pneumonia epidemic, the national emergency management system and fire rescue teams are fully engaged in the people's war, overall war, and resistance war for epidemic prevention and control.
Vigorously support the main battlefields and key areas of Hubei and Wuhan, do a good job in epidemic prevention and decontamination, medical waste and epidemic prevention materials transfer, and disaster relief materials security, and strengthen the security services of designated hospitals, centralized isolation areas, and epidemic prevention material production enterprises.
In the face of rare rain and flood disasters in many places, the Emergency Management Department actively performed the functions of the National Defense Office and asked the National Defense Agency to initiate emergency response 16 times.
Strengthen overall planning and coordination, put personnel transfer and avoidance in a prominent position, preset forces in advance, scientifically and efficiently organize emergency rescue, and through joint efforts of all parties, the number of dead and missing due to disasters and the number of collapsed houses have decreased by 52.7% and respectively from the average of the past five years. 47.0%.
In 2020, the Ministry of Emergency Management organized a total of 254 emergency consultations, initiated 61 emergency responses, and dispatched 91 working groups to the front line to effectively deal with the magnitude 6.4 earthquake in Jiashi, Xinjiang, the forest fire in Xichang, Sichuan, the collapse of a hotel in Quanzhou, Fujian, and Xiangxiang in Shanxi. A series of disasters include the collapse of the Fen rural hotel, the explosion of a tanker in Wenling, Zhejiang, the fire in the Taiyuan Ice Sculpture Hall in Shanxi, and the underground fire in the Songzao Coal Mine in Chongqing.
Grasp the key, grasp the key, eliminate hidden dangers
Over the past year, the Emergency Management Department has thoroughly implemented the concept of safety development, grasped the key points and grasped the key points, and played a set of combined punches to prevent and resolve major safety risks.
Leading the establishment of the State Council Supervision Group, "opening small focus" on Jiangsu's production safety issues, resident supervision of the special rectification of Sichuan forest and grassland fire prevention, deployment and implementation of the national production safety rectification three-year action, focusing on fundamentally eliminating hidden accidents.
Highlighted the systemic safety risks of hazardous chemicals, and issued opinions on comprehensively strengthening the safety production of hazardous chemicals; learned lessons from the Beirut explosion in Lebanon, and quickly carried out 3 rounds of special investigations and treatments on the hidden dangers of hazardous chemicals such as ammonium nitrate, and conducted a comprehensive review of Ammonium nitrate production companies formulated a list of "one company, one policy" issues; completed two rounds of expert guidance services in key counties of hazardous chemicals; local emergency departments and fire protection agencies established a joint supervision mechanism for major hazard companies; carried out wild fire source management and crack down on illegal Special actions on fire use have promoted special rectification of hidden fire hazards in transmission and distribution lines. Last year, the number of forest fires and the area of damaged forests decreased by 50.3% and 38.1% year-on-year respectively.
Regarding the lessons of the accident as a valuable asset, we will “look back” on the implementation of the rectification measures for 12 particularly serious accidents in the past 5 years, and seize every major accident to review and deepen the rectification, and seriously interview 10 local governments and 4 central enterprises. The person in charge, strengthen the warning education of typical accident cases.
Establish a mechanism to strengthen supervision and promote reform
Over the past year, the Department of Emergency Management has unswervingly followed the direction of reform and actively promoted the modernization of the emergency management system and capabilities.
Improve the emergency management system.
Formulate and improve the local flood prevention and drought relief working mechanism and improve the local forest and grassland fire prevention and fire fighting mechanism two guiding opinions, and further straighten out the emergency command system.
The central government issued opinions on deepening the reform of comprehensive administrative law enforcement in emergency management, established the National Mine Safety Supervision Bureau, and strengthened the regulatory agencies and forces for hazardous chemicals.
Improve the legal system for emergency management.
Promote the revision of the emergency response law, revise the safety production law, and promote the addition of statutory penalties such as the crime of dangerous work in the revision of the criminal law; issue and implement the national forest and grassland fire emergency response plan and the operation mechanism of the fire prevention headquarters; release a batch of emergency management standard.
Speed up the construction of an emergency management capability system.
The national comprehensive firefighting and rescue team has accelerated the transformation and upgrading. 461 earthquake disaster rescue teams have been newly formed, and the “10+2” forest firefighting comprehensive emergency rescue force will be established; together with civil aviation and other related parties, the aviation emergency linkage guarantee mechanism will be improved; the “national emergency command” has been established "Integrated business system" to realize the "one network" of disaster and accident information reporting and the "one-click" of command and dispatch; build an emergency resource management platform to realize the full supervision and traceability of emergency supplies and the refined management of one item and one code; deployment A national comprehensive risk survey of natural disasters; "One emergency picture" has been continuously upgraded, and major sources of hazardous chemicals, coal mines and tailings ponds of Class 3 or above have been comprehensively monitored online.
Solve problems and take measures to prevent risks
At present, the foundation of production safety and disaster prevention and relief in my country is still weak. The high-risk urban and undefended safety conditions in rural areas, the high-risk characteristics of key industries, and the large number of hidden accidents have not fundamentally changed.
Preventing and resolving major security risks has become an inevitable problem faced by emergency management departments.
In this regard, the Emergency Management Department proposed to solve the "four major problems" in its work in 2021 to prevent and resolve major security risks.
Solve the problem of not fulfilling responsibility.
The implementation of party and government leadership responsibilities should be detailed and specific, and local levels should be promoted to formulate a "list of responsibilities" and annual "work list" for party and government leading cadres in production safety, and include the performance of responsibilities into the content of debriefing and inspections.
The implementation of industry regulatory responsibilities must be specific and clear, and practical solutions must be put forward for fuzzy areas to prevent regulatory blind spots in the event before and afterwards.
The implementation of the main responsibility of the enterprise must stimulate endogenous motivation.
Solve the problem of inadequate source risk management and control.
Strengthen security access, involving territorial planning, industrial layout, and project approval in high-risk industries, promote the establishment of a joint security approval system, and improve the level of security fortification.
Solve the problem that the security check cannot find the problem.
New breakthroughs should be made in precise law enforcement, the reform of comprehensive administrative law enforcement in emergency management should be further promoted, the level and classified precision law enforcement should be promoted, the standardization of law enforcement should be continuously strengthened, and the discretionary standards of administrative penalties should be further improved.
Establish a unified national emergency management, supervision and law enforcement information platform, and carry out network inspections and law enforcement from time to time.
Intensively promote the three-year special rectification of production safety, clarify that the greatest risks in the region and this field should be discharged, draw the bottom line of prevention and control, and carry out effective measures to further promote hazardous chemicals, coal mines, fire protection, and Special rectification of key industries such as coal mines, industry and trade, road transportation, and construction.