中新财经1月13日电 (葛成)近日，新能源汽车迎来一波“涨价潮”，和以往不同，这波“涨价潮”来得“汹涌澎湃”，有着涨价幅度高，涉及品牌广的特点。

　　据了解，参与涨价的既包括了特斯拉这样的外商独资品牌，又包括了小鹏这样的造车新势力，还包括了一汽-大众、广汽埃安这样的传统汽车制造商。涉及的车辆在配置方面并无明显变化，涨价幅度却从数千元至数万元不等。

小鹏体验店陈列的汽车。中新网记者 张旭 摄

　　以小鹏为例，根据配置不同，P7的涨价幅度在0.43万元到0.59万元，P5的涨价幅度在0.48万元到0.54万元，小鹏G3i的涨价幅度同样在0.48万元到0.54元。涨价后P7、P5、G3i的售价区间依次为22.42万元-40.99万元、16.27万元-22.93万元、15.46万元-19.32万元。

　　相比小鹏，特斯拉的涨价幅度则更大，Model 3基础版车型补贴后售价由25.56万元调整至26.56万元，涨幅1万元。Model Y基础版车型补贴后售价从此前的28.07万元调整至30.18万元，涨幅约2.1万元。

　　对此，记者联系了小鹏汽车的相关负责人，对方表示对于涨价一事暂不便回应。而特斯拉的相关负责人则表示，目前在其官网订车页面上已经清晰标注了产品的补贴前起售价，与预估的2022年新能源汽车补贴金额，可以为消费者提供参考。

　　车企这波集体的“涨价潮”，究竟是蓄谋已久还是另有隐情呢？

资料图。 陈骥旻 摄

“芯荒荒，锂茫茫，补贴退坡”

　　在去年12月，财政部联合工信部、科技部、发改委颁布了《关于2022年新能源汽车推广应用财政补贴政策的通知》。通知要求，在维持动力电池系统能量密度、续驶里程、能耗等技术指标门槛不变的基础上，2022年新能源汽车补贴标准将在2021年基础上退坡30%。

　　Taking the models with a range of 300km (inclusive) to 400km as an example, the subsidy in 2022 will be 9,100 yuan, while in 2021 it will be 13,000 yuan, the difference between the two is only 3,900 yuan; while the subsidy for models with a range of 400km (inclusive) and above is 2022. The annual amount is 12,600 yuan, and in 2021 it is 18,000 yuan, a difference of 5,400 yuan.

The policy change does have an impact, but the impact on the selling price of new energy vehicles is indeed limited.

From this point of view, the thousand-yuan level is reasonable, and the 10,000-yuan level is all blamed on the decline of subsidies, which is really unfair.

　　In response to the phenomenon of price increases, Zhongxin Finance contacted Shi Jianhua, deputy secretary-general of the China Association of Automobile Manufacturers. He said that nowadays consumers mainly choose cars according to their needs, and subsidies are no longer the focus.

Even if subsidies decline, companies should not increase the price of consumer terminals unless the product has changed to provide consumers with higher value.

Many people came to see the car in the Parkview Green Fangcao Tesla Experience Store in Chaoyang, Beijing.

Photo by Zhang Xu

　　Of course, in addition to the decline in subsidies, battery price increases and chip shortages also have an impact on the terminal selling price of new energy vehicles.

Taking the price of lithium carbonate, the main material of power batteries, as an example, at the beginning of last year, the average price of battery-grade lithium carbonate was only 50,000 yuan / ton, and recently it has risen to 290,000 yuan / ton, an increase of 480% in just one year.

　　The battery system is the component with the highest cost in new energy vehicles, and its cost proportion is close to 40%. Therefore, the crazy growth of battery materials will also be further conducted, causing the cost of new energy vehicles to surge, and major car companies are facing continuous challenges. Increase cost pressure.

　　At the same time, the shortage of chips has also seriously affected the production capacity of new energy vehicles. Different from traditional fuel vehicles, new energy vehicles rely more on the supply of chips in the manufacturing process. IGBT modules all require a large number of chips.

　　Last year, Lixiang, Xiaopeng, Audi and other brands all affected the delivery time due to the shortage of supply. In order for consumers to pick up the car as soon as possible, they proposed plans to retrofit the millimeter-wave radar and supplement the second car key.

Due to the shortage of chips, the production capacity of car companies is insufficient, and the imbalance between supply and demand is also one of the important drivers of the rise in the price of new energy vehicles.

"The shortage of cores and the vastness of lithium" has become an important issue facing the development of the entire industry.

　　However, some companies were able to calmly cope with the unfavorable situation of declining subsidies, insufficient chips and rising raw material costs, and maintained the original selling price at the sales terminal.

The person in charge of some car companies made it clear that the company will bear the cost of declining subsidies and rising raw materials, and will not pass it on to consumers.

 Photo by Liu Min, a 5G cloud-controlled logistics vehicle driving in the SAIC-GM-Wuling plant

Passenger Federation: Total sales will surge this year

　　In the opinion of industry experts, the above-mentioned unfavorable factors will only hinder the development of new energy vehicles in the short term, and have limited impact in the long run.

　　Fu Bingfeng, executive vice president and secretary general of the China Association of Automobile Manufacturers, once pointed out that despite the adverse effects of chip shortages and continued high raw material prices, under the promotion of "electrification, networking, and intelligence" technological changes, the vitality of enterprises It is still significantly enhanced, and the market consumer demand continues to show a trend of quality improvement and upgrading.

New energy vehicles performed well and maintained rapid growth.

The marketization of new energy vehicles has entered a new stage of explosive growth, which has shifted from policy-driven to market-driven in the past.

　　The Passenger Federation said on the 11th that with the substantial increase in domestic consumers' recognition of the new energy market and the stability of policy subsidies, China's total sales of new energy vehicles in 2022 will inevitably increase, and continue to maintain a share of more than 50% in the world. of super leadership.

　　The data released by the China Automobile Association on the 12th also showed that new energy vehicles have become the biggest bright spot in the industry, with sales of more than 3.5 million units in 2021 and a market share of 13.4%, further illustrating that the new energy vehicle market has shifted from policy-driven to market-driven , new energy vehicles have been widely recognized by the market and consumers.

　　In 2022, the current purchase subsidy technical index system framework and threshold requirements will remain unchanged, and the subsidy scale will not be locked from the original expected 2 million subsidy scale, and the subsidy will be realized throughout 2022.

With the doubling of the scale of the new energy industry chain and the improvement of cost reduction capabilities, it is expected that the increase in new energy vehicles by the end of 2022 will be strong.

　　In the context of the improvement of battery and vehicle integration technology, policy promotion will help the new energy vehicle industry to grow substantially, and the transformation of the traditional fuel vehicle industry is accelerating.

Accordingly, the China Passenger Transport Association will adjust its sales forecast for new energy passenger vehicles in 2022 from 4.8 million to more than 5.5 million, showing an optimistic attitude towards the new energy vehicle market in 2022.

(Finish)