Source: Ministry of Education, etc

Reporters from this newspaper: Fan Jiayuan, Sun Longfei, Li Yang, and Tao Xiangan

Core reading

The four departments jointly issued the "Implementation Opinions on Setting Up Coach Positions in Schools" to solve the problem of the path of sports professionals to enter the campus by setting up special coach positions in schools. On the one hand, it will improve the level of physical education in schools and promote the all-round and balanced development of young people; On the other hand, it will help ensure that retired athletes continue to shine and promote the integration of sports and education.

In February this year, the State General Administration of Sports, the Office of the Central Establishment Commission, the Ministry of Education, the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security and other four departments jointly issued the Implementation Opinions on the Establishment of Coach Positions in Schools (hereinafter referred to as the "Implementation Opinions"), aiming to further strengthen school sports work, promote the healthy growth of young people, and cultivate a fertile soil for competitive sports talents through coaches working in schools.

Setting up special coaching positions in schools, so that school coaches have corresponding identities and clarify their work requirements, will have a positive impact on school sports work. In this regard, Liu Liqiang, deputy director of the Personnel Department of the General Administration of Sports, said that the "Implementation Opinions" solves the problem of the path of sports professionals entering the campus from the top-level design, which marks a key and substantive step towards deepening the integration of sports and education.

Identity characteristics -

Unlike physical education teachers, school coaches do not necessarily need a teaching certificate; Unlike coaches, they are regular staff in the education sector

School coaches, as the name implies, are sports coaches at all levels of schools in the education sector, according to the school's sports work plan, give play to their professional expertise, and participate in physical education and training. Unlike school physical education teachers, school coaches do not necessarily need a teacher qualification certificate, and the coach title system is measured by their teaching level; Also different from the coach of the sports system, the main place of work of school coaches is in the school and is a regular staff member of the education department.

Before the issuance of the Implementation Opinions, the phrase "setting up full-time (part-time) coach positions in universities, secondary and primary schools" appeared in policy documents, and "sports professionals entering campus" was also encouraged and put into practice. However, in practice, the problem of job establishment has become a major obstacle for sports professionals to enter the school.

According to Liu Liqiang, according to the post management measures of China's public institutions, the positions are mainly divided into management positions, professional and technical posts, and service positions. In the education sector, teachers of all subjects, including physical education teachers, are among the teaching options in professional and technical positions. Since there is no coach option in the school's professional and technical positions, even if they are officially employed by the school, the coach has an awkward position in the work, and there are problems such as no reference standard for personal treatment and uncertain career development path.

"After the position is established, there will be rules to follow, coaches will receive a variety of policy support and guarantees for working in schools, and sports professionals will play a greater role in campus." Liu Liqiang said.

Among sports professionals, retired athletes account for the main part. The "Implementation Opinions" put forward that all localities can take out a certain number of school coach positions and open recruitment for retired athletes who have obtained the technical level of first-level athletes or above. This is a "win-win" for the school and the outstanding retired athletes.

According to Liu Mingyi, a professor at Wuhan Institute of Physical Education, in the process of practicing the "education concept of adhering to health first", the trend of specialization and specialization of school physical education teaching has become more and more obvious. "Incorporating high-level retired athletes into the school's sports work team and allowing them to shine on the front line of teaching is a further development and efficient use of China's sports human resources." Liu Mingyi said.

Take sports people -

Participate in school physical education, make the campus sports atmosphere stronger, and let more teenagers fall in love with sports

"Pay attention to sliding and turning the waist when taking pictures, and when the footsteps move, the waist will immediately have to rotate." In February this year, in a physical education class at Boxing County Experimental Primary School in Binzhou City, Shandong Province, physical education teacher Zhao Bo explained the forehand attack of table tennis to students.

Zhao Bo used to be a professional table tennis athlete, and after retiring from the game, he transformed into a physical education teacher for the school's table tennis team. Opening Zhao Bo's teaching plan, the teaching content such as preschool tests, learning objectives, and task evaluation is very clearly designed.

Table tennis is a traditional sport in Boxing County Experimental Primary School, and the school has trained many high-level athletes. Principal Zhang Qingming introduced that the school has expanded the team of physical education teachers and table tennis coaches, opened a table tennis class every week, formulated corresponding teaching courses for students of different grades, and carried out various events, so that the school's physical education content is richer and more professional.

What do school coaches mainly do? The "Implementation Opinions" requires: undertake the organization of school sports events, the management of school sports team training and competitions, and the construction and management of school sports clubs and sports clubs. From the actual effect, school coaches participate in school physical education, making the campus sports atmosphere stronger, allowing more teenagers to fall in love with sports and develop good sports habits. "Physical education has its own peculiarities, and if students want to master one or two sports skills, it is necessary to build a physical education system oriented by sports interests and special abilities, and such a system requires the participation of school coaches." Liu Mingyi said.

On the other hand, the main workplace of school coaches is in the school, which is conducive to promoting the concept of "sports people" to take root. Dang Zhao, 31 years old this year, retired from the former Henan Jianye team in 2018 and went to Zhengzhou Nursery Primary School as a football coach. During the training, Dang Zhao found that a young player was proud and complacent after achieving results, so he communicated with the players and parents in time. "Football is a team sport, and individual values can only be better played in the collective." The green field has also become a classroom for young players to learn to be people and understand things.

Talent selection——

Discover and deliver sports reserve talents, so that the selection and training of professional athletes are gradually integrated into the education system

The establishment of coaches in schools means that the selection and training of professional athletes will gradually be integrated into the education system. The school has coaches and runs through all levels of the school, which is conducive to discovering and nurturing children with sports talent, which can not only train them in a targeted manner, but also ensure that they receive a complete full-time academic education to achieve comprehensive and balanced development.

Walking into the No. 15 Primary School in Qitaihe City, Heilongjiang Province, the spacious short track speed skating training room is fully equipped, and the students stand in a row to practice land skating. "It's so rewarding to watch them go from stumbling at the beginning to gliding freely on the ice now!" Zhao Xu, the school's short track speed skating coach, shuttled among the students, patiently explained the technical essentials, and carefully corrected the students' movements.

Carrying out physical training and the selection of sports reserve talents is an important responsibility of school coaches. School coaches, especially those transitioning from retired athletes, have a natural connection to the sports system, which facilitates the discovery and channeling of sports talent.

As the "City of Olympic Champions", Qitaihe City has not only achieved 7 Winter Olympic gold medals and 177 world-class gold medals, but also has a solid reserve of reserve talents. The city's 16 short track speed skating characteristic schools started from the doll, forming a "pyramid" training system of characteristic school-basic class-key class-provincial team-national team. According to Hou Quanguang, principal of the 100th Primary School, at present, the school has trained and sent more than <> short track speed skaters.

Let more athletes and coaches with professional experience join the school's physical education teaching, so that the development of campus sports talents will be more professional and diverse. In December 2021, Jinsha Senior High School, Shaxian District, Sanming City, Fujian Province, introduced handball projects, in order to better promote the development of sports, the school introduced professional coaches, launched school-wide confrontation competitions, and selected more than 12 students with good physical fitness suitable for handball to practice with competition and help the team members grow rapidly.

Up to now, 5 members of the Jinsha Senior High School handball team have obtained the national first-class athlete certificate and 18 people have obtained the national second-level athlete certificate, and the team has achieved excellent results in provincial handball competitions for many times. "Handball is now a popular sport in schools." Zhao Libiao, principal of Jinsha Senior High School, said, "Under the organization of coaches, some students who love handball and have athletic talent have joined the training, which gives them more choices for their future. ”

Positive transformation –

In their new roles, retired athletes urgently need to strengthen training and improve their education and teaching capabilities

According to data from the Ministry of Education, the number of physical education teachers in primary and secondary schools nationwide in 2021 was 77,05. According to statistics from relevant departments, at present, there are about 12,<> physical education teachers in the compulsory education stage, especially in rural primary schools, junior high schools and teaching points.

The issuance of the "Implementation Opinions" has provided policy support for all localities to allocate strong physical education teachers in accordance with local conditions and support retired athletes to enter schools to teach. The next focus of work is how to select and employ people well, so that retired athletes with both ability and ability can take up the position of school coaches, teach well and stay.

When he participated in the school's flag-raising ceremony for the first time, Dang Zhao felt particularly proud and excited, and his sense of mission was born. In order to be better qualified for the post, he studied two courses: youth physical fitness and sports first aid. "Now that I have the position of school coach, I hope to seize the opportunity to improve myself." In addition to leading the school football team to train, Dang Zhao and his team of coaches also give football lessons to the whole school for 6 grades every week.

For retired athletes, enhanced learning in all aspects can help them transform better. The "Implementation Opinions" clearly pointed out that the sports department is responsible for the training of coaches in schools where retired athletes are transformed, and the education department strengthens ideological and political, professional ethics and teaching training after school coaches join the school, and improves the level of education and teaching ability.

Learning and training is the foundation of being a good coach. The data platform of the Sports Education Alliance specializes in providing training services for athletes and coaches. The platform shows that since its launch in 2018, the number of people participating in sports training has increased every year, with a cumulative total of more than 2018,2022 participants from 15 to 2022, including 6,7 in 53. Wu Yongjian, the relevant person in charge of the platform, introduced that retired athletes are the main body participating in training, accounting for 41.<>%, "After the release of the 'double reduction' policy, schools and society have higher and more demand for sports coaches. ”

According to Liu Mingyi, at present, there are more than 100 colleges and universities with physical education majors and sports training majors in China, "To promote coaches to enter schools, it is necessary to improve supporting policies and innovative mechanisms, better integrate the training and academic education of professional athletes, and promote the integration of sports and education." ”

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