The 30-year-old set a world record of 23.38 meters at an indoor gala in Idaho, USA.
The stroke was 56 cm longer than his previous record, which was set in January 2021 in Fayetteville, Arkansas.
"It is the biggest shock in my career so far," writes the American on Instagram.
Ryan Crouser won Olympic gold in Rio de Janeiro in 2016 and defended the medal in the Tokyo Olympics in 2021. In 2022 he won World Cup gold in Eugene, USA.