对话 | 中国冬奥名宿，在热带教人滑冰

　　由于气候环境的影响，在热带国家和地区开展冰雪运动颇具难度。但冬季运动的魅力，并不会因地域限制而消退。

　　作为长野、盐湖城两届冬奥会短道速滑女子3000米接力银牌获得者，退役后的孙丹丹拾起教鞭。她目前是香港短道队主帅，正带队备战北京冬奥会。

　　就如何在热带国家和地区推广冰雪运动以及中国教练“走出去”等话题，中新网记者与孙丹丹展开对话。

　　现将访谈实录摘要如下：

中新体育：你曾帮助中国短道速滑队4次获得世锦赛女子3000米接力冠军，并在冬奥会收获2枚银牌。从专业视角观察，目前世界短道速滑呈现何种格局，未来有怎样的发展趋势？

　　孙丹丹：受疫情影响，我有两个赛季没有带队参加短道速滑世界比赛。本赛季的四站世界杯赛有一明显特点，即很多欧洲国家运动员在竞技层面有上升趋势。

资料图：图为孙丹丹(右一)在训练中。图片来源：视觉中国。

　　与欧美选手相比，亚洲选手更多属于技术型。由于欧美运动员自身能力出众，所以我们从训练方法、训练理念上都需要有全新认知，有针对性地加强日常训练。

　　我从其他在国外执教的中国教练那里了解过情况。疫情期间，很多欧洲队伍一起训练，他们集体被封闭在训练中心里。这种模式也帮助了一些国家的选手，是欧洲运动员近期快速提高的重要原因。

中新体育：疫情为备战增添了难度，在此期间队伍是如何克服困难的？本次北京冬奥会将实行闭环管理，是否对此已有预案？

图片来源：受访者供图。

　　Sun Dandan: For the Hong Kong team, it is very difficult to prepare for the game.

Since there is no standard short-track speed skating venue, the team basically has no ice training until October 2020.

After the communication and coordination between the Hong Kong SAR Government and the Hong Kong Sports Institute, the team maintained the physical training on land in the Hong Kong Sports Institute.

Before preparing for the World Cup, we only had a short recovery training on the ice, which was really not easy.

　　Regarding closed-loop management during the Winter Olympics, we are used to this approach.

It also includes measures such as daily temperature monitoring and daily health reports. In the past period of time, the team has been training in closed conditions.

　　In fact, for athletes, there is a lot of psychological burden and pressure. Before that, everyone did not have the experience of training and living in closed conditions for a long time.

To this end, we provide athletes with psychological counseling, which is carried out on a regular basis.

China-Singapore Sports: From Singapore to Hong Kong, you have been coaching abroad since 2012.

How is this different from your previous coaching experience?

　　Sun Dandan: The most obvious difference is in equipment, workplace and training environment.

图片来源：受访者供图。

　　The mainland has a well-established training team and excellent training venues, but tropical countries and regions have a big gap in this regard.

Hong Kong currently lacks a standard ice rink. Although Singapore has a standard ice rink, the training system is not perfect.

Despite this, there are still many people in the area who enjoy winter sports.

　　I chose to go to Hong Kong to coach because many Hong Kong athletes used to train in Changchun, so I have a better understanding of their conditions.

China-Singapore Sports: There is no ice or snow in the tropics. How do local teenagers in Hong Kong know and come into contact with ice and snow sports?

How do you think we can drive more local people to participate in ice and snow sports? What are the challenges and opportunities?

　　Sun Dandan:

There are many commercial ice rinks in Hong Kong, but they are very small.

Although many children use their vacations to go skiing abroad, they lacked the guidance of professional coaches before.

图片来源：受访者供图。

　　After I went to Hong Kong, I began to guide young people into professional training.

Initially, many athletes did not know what the Olympics were.

They just think it's like a game, they can play on the ice.

After that, I slowly let more people know about ice sports and get involved.

　　Including figure skating and short track speed skating, many winter sports are elite sports in Hong Kong.

Backed by the Hong Kong Sports Institute, we get a lot of professional services in our daily training.

The Chinese Skating Association has assisted us in training coaches and athletes, and the Chinese team has also provided a lot of help.

图片来源：受访者供图。

　　The Hong Kong Skating Union is committed to echelon building, and now we have 10 professional athletes engaged in short track speed skating.

In Hong Kong, there are actually quite a few people involved in winter sports, but since there is no professional ice rink, parents will hesitate to let their children receive professional training, because there are too many unknowns in the future.

If skating is to develop better in Hong Kong, a standard ice rink is essential so that children can balance their studies and training.

　　There are many professional athletes in Hong Kong who went to the mainland for long-term training in their teens, taking online classes in their spare time.

Away from family, all life has to be taken care of by oneself, and parents can't help but worry.

In the long run, it actually limits the development of this sport.

If there is a standard ice rink in Hong Kong, many problems can be solved easily, and more people will be involved.

图片来源：受访者供图。

China-Singapore Sports: When you are coaching in other associations, do you communicate with the mainland short track community?

China's short track speed skating level ranks among the top in the world. What impact does "please come in and go out" have on the development of short track speed skating in the world?

Will the linkage between mainland and Hong Kong athletes be enhanced in the future?

　　Sun Dandan: I will indeed communicate with the domestic short track community, such as Zhang Jing from the Hungarian team.

Before the epidemic, she became a coaching consultant for the Chinese youth team, and many athletes also went to Hungary for exchange training.

In this World Cup competition, there is about 20 days between Japan and Europe. Both the Chinese team and the Hong Kong team chose to go to Hungary to train and prepare for the World Cup in the best condition.

图片来源：受访者供图。

Chinese coaches "go out", which has played a leading role in the development of short track speed skating in the world.

Including Russia, Poland, Hungary, these countries have improved under the leadership of Chinese coaches.

　　The current world situation also requires more of our coaches to "go out", understand foreign advanced training concepts, and integrate them into their own training methods, which is very beneficial to the development of the entire project.

　　The linkage between Hong Kong and mainland athletes is also in progress.

Dongguan has held several Asian events before, which has driven the development of ice and snow sports in the Greater Bay Area.

Before the epidemic, we would go to the standard short track speed skating venue in Dongguan to train on weekends and communicate with local athletes.

In daily training, we will invite high-level players from the mainland to be the lead skaters.

China-Singapore Sports: The Winter Olympics is approaching, and Beijing will become the world's first "Double Olympic City".

What precious treasures do you think this ice and snow event will leave for Beijing?

　　Sun Dandan: "The City of Double Olympics" proves Beijing's huge international influence and also shows our country's strong comprehensive strength.

The picture shows Sun Dandan in the game.

Image credit: Image credit: Osports All Sports Photo Agency

　　I remember that when the Chinese national short track speed skating team was first established, many people did not know what short track speed skating was.

Now, even if you do land training, you will be recognized as a skater because of your posture.

Through the promotion of the Winter Olympics, more people have begun to understand winter sports.

　　More and more teenagers are now engaged in winter projects, including children and young children.

As far as I know, there are many children in the three northeastern provinces who have been skating since the age of three.

After the Beijing Winter Olympics, many professional venues will be added.

This will be of great benefit to the reserve talent pool of ice and snow in the future, and will also promote the development of the ice and snow industry.

(Author Liu Xing)