Put an end to "Great Leap Forward" landscaping and curb formalism in ecological restoration
The Ministry of Ecology and Environment will supervise ecological protection and restoration projects
The “Opinions on Strengthening the Supervision of Ecological Protection” recently issued by the Ministry of Ecology and Environment covers the four aspects of improving the ecological monitoring and evaluation system, strengthening the supervision of key areas, increasing the supervision and investigation of ecological damage issues, and deepening the construction of ecological civilization demonstration. Seven specific tasks for strengthening the supervision of ecological protection were clarified.
□ Our reporter Yan Jianrong
Right now, we are at the successful completion of the "13th Five-Year Plan" and will soon enter this important time node of the "14th Five-Year Plan".
During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period and up to 2035, what are the overall goals and key tasks of ecological protection supervision?
The "Opinions on Strengthening the Supervision of Ecological Protection" recently issued by the Ministry of Ecology and Environment (hereinafter referred to as the "Opinions") gives the answer.
According to the "Opinions", by 2025, my country will initially form a system of regulations and standards for ecological protection supervision and initially establish a national ecological monitoring network, and the quality and stability of the ecosystem will be further improved.
By 2035, build a modern ecological protection supervision system and supervision capabilities that are compatible with the goals of Beautiful China, and promote the harmonious coexistence of man and nature.
The relevant person in charge of the Department of Natural Ecological Protection of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment pointed out that according to the requirements of the "Opinions", the Ministry of Ecology and Environment has strengthened the supervision of ecological damage and the implementation of ecological protection and restoration projects, and implemented the most stringent ecological environment protection supervision system of nature reserves; resolutely curb New issues concerning violations of laws and regulations; resolutely put an end to formalism in the implementation of ecological restoration projects.
The problem of "Great Leap Forward" landscaping still exists
The issue of ecological damage is one of the issues that the central ecological and environmental protection inspector is highly concerned about.
The destruction of the ecological environment of the Qilian Mountain National Nature Reserve was discovered and corrected by the Central Ecological and Environmental Protection Inspector.
In order to deeply learn the lessons of the Qilian Mountain incident, from July to December 2017, the former Ministry of Environmental Protection and other seven departments organized and carried out the "Green Shield 2017" national nature reserve supervision and inspection special action.
This action is a special action with the widest scope of inspections, the largest number of problems, the largest rectification efforts, and the most stringent accountability since the establishment of nature reserves in my country.
On the basis of the 2017 action, from 2018 to 2019, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, the Ministry of Natural Resources, and the Ministry of Water Resources have launched the "Green Shield" nature reserve supervision and inspection special action for two consecutive years.
The person in charge of the Department of Natural Ecological Protection of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment said that through the central ecological and environmental protection inspections and the strengthening of supervision of the "Green Shield" nature reserve, various violations of laws and regulations have been seriously investigated, and problem rectification and ecological restoration have been promoted. Ecological destruction has been effectively curbed.
He said that in recent years, the supervision of ecological protection has been continuously strengthened and remarkable results have been achieved.
All localities are advancing to delineate and strictly observe the red line of ecological protection, and accelerate the establishment of a natural protection system with national parks as the main body.
However, the person in charge also confessed that my country's ecological environment is generally fragile, and ecological damage still occurs from time to time.
"The problems of'Ecological Formalism' such as the'Great Leap Forward' landscaping and protection and restoration in violation of the law exist to varying degrees." He said that the ecological protection situation in my country is still severe.
At the same time, the entire chain of ecological protection supervision needs to be improved, and the capacity of ecological protection supervision needs to be improved urgently.
The person in charge pointed out that the "Proposal of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on Formulating the Fourteenth Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development and the Long-term Goals for 2035" (hereinafter referred to as the "Proposals") emphasized that during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, Keep the boundaries of natural ecological security, continue to improve the quality and stability of the ecosystem, strengthen the ecological security barrier, and achieve new progress in the construction of ecological civilization.
"Building a complete ecological protection and supervision system is an important guarantee for achieving the "14th Five-Year" ecological and environmental protection goals." The person in charge said that after the national institutional reform in 2018, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment is responsible for "guide, coordinate and supervise ecological protection and restoration. Work", in order to thoroughly solve the outstanding problems in ecological protection, fulfill the responsibility of ecological protection supervision, and accelerate the construction of the ecological protection supervision system, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment organized the compilation of the "Opinions."
Constructing the "53111" Ecological Protection Supervision System
According to the person in charge of the Department of Natural Ecology Protection of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, combined with the requirements of the "Proposal" and other documents, according to the short-term to 2025, medium and long-term to 2035, the overall goal of the "Opinion" is divided into two stages.
He said that this coincides with the process of building a beautiful China in our country.
The person in charge stated that while clarifying the overall objectives, the Opinions adhere to the unified supervision of landscapes, forests, fields, lakes and grasses, and constantly improve policies, regulations and standards, monitoring, evaluation and early warning, supervision of law enforcement, and inspection accountability, and other important "links" of ecological protection supervision work. And the supervision “chain”, and promote the construction of the “53111” ecological protection supervision system.
Explain what is the "53111" ecological protection supervision system. The person in charge said that the "5" refers to the continuous monitoring of national ecological conditions, key areas, ecological protection red lines, nature reserves, key ecological function areas and counties Evaluation; "3" refers to the implementation of the central ecological and environmental protection inspection system, the ecological supervision and law enforcement system and the ecological supervision system in various key areas; 3 "1"s are to organize the "Green Shield" nature reserve to strengthen supervision and construction Build a good ecological protection red line supervision platform, carry out the national ecological civilization construction demonstration zone, "green water and green mountains are the golden mountains and silver mountains" practice innovation base, and national environmental protection model city demonstration work.
According to the person in charge, the "Opinions" range from improving the ecological monitoring and evaluation system, strengthening supervision in key areas (including increasing the supervision of ecological protection red lines, strengthening supervision of natural reserves, and improving the level of biodiversity protection), and increasing ecological damage. The four aspects of problem supervision and investigation, and the in-depth promotion of ecological civilization demonstration construction, have clarified seven specific tasks for strengthening the supervision of ecological protection.
The "Opinions" require that the supervision and investigation of ecological damage should be strengthened, the central ecological environmental protection supervision system should be implemented, the development of ecological protection work and the implementation of responsibilities, etc. should be included in the scope of supervision, and special inspections of mobile and point-pointing should be carried out for outstanding problems. Conduct pressure and force the implementation of responsibilities.
At the same time, it is necessary to improve the ecological supervision and law enforcement system, steadily promote the reform of comprehensive administrative law enforcement of ecological environmental protection, and promote the implementation of the "Guiding Catalogue of Comprehensive Administrative Law Enforcement Matters for Ecological Environmental Protection".
Strengthen the coordinated linkage between the comprehensive law enforcement of ecological protection and relevant law enforcement teams to form a joint force of law enforcement, focusing on the implementation of marine ecological protection, land and mineral resource development ecological protection, and river basin water ecological protection law enforcement.
Strengthen the comprehensive administrative law enforcement of the ecological environment in nature reserves, and seriously investigate and deal with violations of laws and regulations that damage the ecological environment, such as mining, dam building, road construction, and construction in nature reserves.
Resolutely put an end to ecological restoration formalism
Speeding up the construction and improvement of a national ecological monitoring network that integrates land and sea planning, air, space, and ground coordination, is one of the seven specific tasks.
In this regard, the person in charge said that it will promote the sharing of resources of departmental monitoring sites, promote the transformation and upgrading of environmental monitoring sites to comprehensive ecological environment monitoring sites, and supplement the establishment of new ecological monitoring sites and ecological monitoring sample plots (belts) to meet ecological needs. Protection and supervision work needs.
Regarding the accelerated improvement of the ecological protection and restoration evaluation system proposed in the "Opinions", the person in charge said that the Ministry of Ecology and Environment will carry out five major assessments of national ecological conditions, key regional watersheds, ecological protection red lines, natural reserves, and key ecological function zones in counties.
Among them, carry out a national remote sensing survey and evaluation of ecological conditions every five years; carry out a remote sensing survey and evaluation of ecological conditions of ecological protection red line and remote sensing monitoring and evaluation of human activities in national natural parks every year; complete human activities in national natural reserves and national parks every six months Remote sensing monitoring and evaluation.
The person in charge said that the seven tasks also include promoting the establishment of a sound ecological protection red line survey, monitoring, evaluation and assessment and other regulatory systems, introducing ecological protection red line supervision measures, and improving the regulatory indicator system and standard specifications.
Carry out a background survey of the ecological environment and human activities on the red line of ecological protection.
Strengthen the monitoring of the area, function, nature and management implementation of the ecological protection red line, and carry out the ecological protection red line supervision with the content of the ecological protection red line monitoring and early warning.
The reporter noted that the "Opinions" also proposed to implement the strictest supervision system for the ecological environment protection of nature reserves, and strengthen the supervision of the establishment, promotion (downgrading), adjustment, integration and withdrawal of nature reserves.
Deeply promote the strengthening of supervision of the "Green Shield" nature reserves, and strengthen the supervision and inspection of various national nature reserves and key regional nature reserves.
Establish and improve the account of the ecological environment of the nature reserve, and strictly implement the rectification and sales number system.
"Through off-site supervision, big data supervision, drone supervision and other application technologies, strengthen the mining, road construction, dam construction, reclamation, reclamation, etc. of wetlands, woodlands, grasslands, natural coastlines, and coastal waters. Supervise sand mining and reef blasting.” The person in charge said that according to the requirements of the "Opinions", the supervision of wetland ecological environmental protection, desertification control, shoreline protection and restoration, and aquaculture environmental protection will also be strengthened.
Resolutely put an end to formalism in the implementation of ecological restoration projects.
Regarding how to ensure that the "Opinions" can be implemented and effective, the person in charge said that the "Opinions" propose to strengthen the overall leadership of ecological protection supervision, strengthen the linkage and cooperation of ecological protection supervision departments, and promote the synergy of ecological protection and pollution prevention.
At the same time, it is necessary to improve supervision capabilities and accelerate the construction of a red line supervision platform for ecological protection.
The person in charge said that it will strengthen financial guarantees, promote a sound ecological compensation mechanism, and focus on ecological protection red lines, nature reserves, important ecological function areas, and ecological civilization construction demonstration areas and "green waters and green mountains are golden mountains and silver mountains" practice innovation base tilt.