During the epidemic, many chronic patients were reluctant to come to the hospital for follow-up visits. Stroke is one of these chronic diseases. Lu Ming, director of the Department of Neurology at Beijing United Family Hospital, reminded that whether the stroke patient's condition is stable, the control of the underlying disease, and the surrounding environment will have an important impact on the condition. So, for stroke patients, how to self-monitor and manage at home?
I. Managing blood pressure
There are many underlying diseases that cause stroke, including hypertension, diabetes, heart disease, and hyperlipidemia. The most important of these is hypertension. Fluctuations in blood pressure can directly lead to stroke or recurrence. Therefore, managing blood pressure is a necessary task for patients with stroke.
Blood pressure must not only be normal, but also stable. This requires patients to take regular long-acting antihypertensive drugs and maintain a low-salt diet. The daily salt intake per person should be less than 3-5 grams as much as possible. The blood pressure of stroke patients is measured at least twice a day, and measured before and after meals in the morning and afternoon, and recorded.
Second, diet management
Due to the reduced activity during the epidemic, for stroke patients with diabetes, it is necessary to appropriately reduce the intake of staple foods on the basis of ensuring comprehensive nutrition. Try to eat cereal and milk for breakfast. Use coarse grains instead of fine grains for lunch and dinner and eat enough vegetables and protein, as well as a small amount of fruit.
Fruits suitable for diabetics include papaya, kiwi, grapefruit, etc. At the same time, fasting and postprandial blood glucose should be monitored at home, and the dosage of drugs or insulin should be adjusted appropriately according to blood glucose.
Third, adhere to medication
Another important risk factor for stroke patients is hyperlipidemia. For patients with hyperlipidemia or atherosclerosis, it is necessary to stick to lipid-lowering drugs. Although the diet has little effect on blood lipids, especially low-density lipoproteins, try to maintain a low-fat diet, eat more white meat, less red meat, and animal viscera.
To sum up, the control of basic diseases lies in maintaining a good lifestyle and taking medicines regularly. In addition to drugs that control blood pressure, blood sugar, and blood lipids, there are antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs to prevent recurrence of stroke. Consult your doctor for more information.
Fourth, maintain emotional stability
Mood and environment are also important to maintain the stability of stroke patients and prevent recurrence. During the epidemic, a long-term stay at home can easily lead to anxiety, depression, and disturbance of work and rest time. At this time, life should be regular, go to bed early, get up early, and go to bed on time to ensure the stability of the biological clock.
During the day, you can find something you are interested in and do proper indoor exercise. You can also go outdoors in a sparsely populated area, but you must keep warm. In addition, banning smoking and drinking and avoiding mood swings are very important to prevent repeated illness.
V. Active online consultation
During the epidemic, Beijing United Family Hospital strictly implemented the epidemic prevention and control work in strict accordance with the requirements of the Health and Medical Commission. To date, no confirmed or suspected cases of new coronary pneumonia have been identified in the hospital. In consideration of the patient's fear of being unwilling to come to the hospital for treatment, and in order to avoid delay in the treatment of acute diseases, the hospital opened various professional telephone consultations. Patients with doubts can conduct online consultation in time.
6. Emphasis on emergencies
Even with all prevention efforts, a small number of stroke patients will relapse. Once an unexplained headache, dizziness, diplopia, slurred speech, walking instability, or even paraplegia or numbness, stroke is likely to have recurred. At this time, you should come to the emergency department as soon as possible. Time is the brain. The speed of first aid may determine the quality of life in the future. Beijing United Family Hospital has a 24-hour general practitioner on duty. It can timely carry out treatments such as intravenous thrombolysis. It arrives at the emergency department every minute and the chance of recovery It will be bigger.