Support policies are intertwined, and resumption of production and production is accelerated.
SMEs are motivated and confident (Policy interpretation, orderly restoration of production and living order)
Pan Xueqin, deputy general manager of Xiamen Taigu Hotel, has been relieved a lot. The state's package of assistance measures is in place, which can save 330,000 yuan in six months. "Right now, the pace of resumption of work and production is accelerating. I believe that the most difficult time will soon pass." Pan Xueqin said.
A recent survey report by the China Association of Small and Medium-sized Business Enterprises shows that 58.25% of companies expect revenues to fall by more than 50% in the first quarter. Promoting the resumption of work of SMEs is an important support for the return of the economy to normalcy, and it is also an important guarantee for employment stability and people's livelihood.
What support has the macro policy provided since the outbreak? How's the effect? How to make further efforts in the future? Our reporter interviewed relevant enterprises, department heads, experts and scholars.
● Policy Combination Boxing Helps Enterprises Go Through Tough Times
After the outbreak, China quickly introduced a series of macro policies to alleviate corporate difficulties and promote resumption of work and production.
Monetary policy is precisely launched, "transfusion support"-
In order to maintain a reasonable and sufficient market liquidity and guide the interest rate downward, the People's Bank of China has made successive moves: providing 300 billion yuan of low-cost special reloan funds to commercial banks for low-interest credit needs of important medical and living material production enterprises; additional reloans The rediscount amount is 500 billion yuan; the targeted reduction of inclusive finance is expected to release 550 billion yuan of long-term funds.
Chen Yulu, deputy governor of the People's Bank of China, said at a press conference held by the State Council on March 22 that more than 5,000 key enterprises with a special loan of 300 billion yuan to support epidemic prevention and control have received more than 200 billion yuan in preferential interest rate loans. The actual financing cost is only about 1.27%.
According to the latest data, since the introduction of the 500 billion yuan re-loan and rediscount policy, the People's Bank of China has adopted various measures to promote the implementation of the policy. As of March 21, financial institutions have cumulatively issued 130 billion yuan of loans with preferential interest rates.
Zhou Liang, deputy chairman of the China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission, said that at present, the credit support provided by banking institutions to fight the epidemic has exceeded 1.8 trillion yuan. From January to February, 250 billion yuan of new manufacturing loans were added, which was significantly higher than the same period last year.
Wholesale and retail, accommodation and catering, logistics and transportation, cultural tourism and other industries have been greatly affected by the epidemic. The CBRC requires that banks that have prospects for development in these industries but are temporarily trapped should not draw money blindly, withdraw loans, or press loans. Appropriately reduce loan interest rates, improve policy arrangements for renewal loans, increase credit loans and medium- and long-term loans, and other methods to support relevant enterprises to overcome the impact of the epidemic disaster.
"This series of operations has released long-term funding sources, enhanced the bank's ability to lend, and effectively alleviated the pressure on small and micro enterprises and individual industrial and commercial households to apply for loans and repay loans," said Zeng Gang, deputy director of the National Finance and Development Laboratory.
Unprecedented fiscal policy, "burden relief"-
Since February, the Ministry of Finance has successively issued documents with the State Administration of Taxation, the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security to provide taxpayers with public transportation and living services, as well as provide residents with necessary living materials and courier delivery services. Tax; the losses incurred by enterprises in difficult industries that have been affected by the epidemic in 2020 are clearly defined, and the longest carry-forward period is extended from 5 to 8 years; phased reductions, exemptions, deferred collection of three social insurance premiums and basic medical insurance premiums for employees The policy is expected to reduce the burden on enterprises by up to about 650 billion yuan this year.
"The current preferential tax policies can effectively reduce the tax burden of small, medium and micro enterprises, and individual industrial and commercial households, and effectively alleviate the pressure on their cash flow and labor costs, thereby stabilizing employment, helping enterprises to operate stably and overcome difficulties." Chinese Academy of Social Sciences Financial Strategy Research Vice President Yang Zhiyong said.
"Policy combinations are interlocking and can help market players solve practical difficulties." Li Xuhong, director of the Institute of Finance and Tax Policy and Application of the Beijing National Accounting Institute, believes that policies such as tax reductions, tax deferrals, and social security deferrals can gradually reduce business operations. Costs; low-interest loans, green channels for financial services and other measures can help companies increase cash inflows; industrial policies precisely match the characteristics of various industries, effectively mobilize enthusiasm.
● Policy implementation must be fast, accurate and lively
Xu Yuehua, head of Xianghua Printing and Dyeing Co., Ltd. of Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province, has been busy recently. After the Spring Festival, the company's "main business" apparel fabric orders dropped sharply, but "sideline" protective clothing fabric orders increased five or six times. "The opportunity is not waiting for people! When I was worried about the funds, the bank took the initiative and lent me a 3 million yuan low-interest credit loan." Xu Yuehua said that more than 200 employees are now returning to work.
As of March 12, the return rate of SMEs reached about 60%.
To make more business owners busy and motivated, good policies must be used.
be quick--
Mr. Li, a person in charge of an agricultural machinery manufacturing company, told reporters that the loan interest rate is currently 3 points lower than in the past and the financing cost has been greatly reduced, but the loan approval cycle is still relatively long. "Business costs are calculated on a daily basis and can't wait."
During the interview, some companies reported that since the outbreak, there have been many new policies from the central government to the local governments, but they have no clear channels to learn about and are worried about missing good policies. In this regard, the responsible person of the relevant ministries and commissions stated that the Chinese government website and several ministries and commissions' websites have recently launched a "one-click query of support policies for resumption of work and resumption of production". Users enter the nature of the enterprise, the province where it is located, as well as tax and fee reductions, financing loans, and return to work Resumption of work and other specific matters will make the relevant policies clear at a glance. "Relevant departments and institutions should perform their duties, use information databases to screen applicable enterprises, and take the initiative to serve." The person in charge said.
"In order to ensure that enterprises enjoy the benefits of the policy at the first time, the tax department will explain it through websites, WeChat, etc." said Wang Lujin, deputy director of the State Administration of Taxation.
Be accurate--
Yang Liping, chief inspector of the China Banking Regulatory Commission, said that in order to improve the availability of loans for small and micro enterprises to resume work and resume production, policy banks and commercial banks should strengthen cooperation with private banks and use the latter's big data system to find and accurately “drip irrigation” financing. Difficult small and micro enterprises and individual industrial and commercial households.
To live--
Localities tailored to local conditions and innovative services: Beijing suspends sewage treatment fees, road occupation fees, and special equipment inspection and testing fees for small and medium-sized enterprises in the accommodation, catering, sports, entertainment, and entertainment industries; Sichuan exempts property tax and urban land use tax for small and medium-sized enterprises with difficulties; Fujian extended the one-time employment stabilization compensation policy; Jiangxi's finance and financial departments joined hands to launch "comprehensive insurance against reinstatement of reinstatement and re-production of enterprises" to help enterprises cope with potential risks ... Some of these good measures need to be extended.
● Achieve high-quality development and tap the potential of macro policies
In order to get enterprises out of the development predicament caused by the epidemic as soon as possible, and enter the high-quality development track, how to continue to exert macroeconomic policies?
Tang Jianwei, a senior researcher at the Bank of Communications Financial Research Center, believes that some small and micro enterprises are not commercial bank customers. What is lacking is not loans but cash flows that maintain the survival of enterprises and individuals. "Considering measures such as direct fiscal subsidies, transfer payments or tax refunds should be considered in due course."
"Small and micro enterprises in the service industry are most affected by the epidemic, and domestic consumer demand, especially rigid consumer demand, will usher in a resumptive rise. We need to introduce a package of support policies for the service industries where small, medium and micro enterprises gather to help them better. To solve financing difficulties, resolve current difficulties, and seize the next round of growth opportunities. "Zeng Gang suggested that we should vigorously develop digital loans based on Internet platforms. "This move can avoid the constraints imposed by traditional immunity on traditional offline loans, and can also use new risk identification and assessment technologies to solve the problem of lack of collateral for small and micro enterprises in the service industry."
Li Xuhong believes that fiscal policy must vigorously improve quality and efficiency, and pay attention to synergistic efforts with monetary and employment policies. "On the one hand, measures to reduce taxes and fees must be put in place; on the other hand, we must focus on promoting high-quality development, encouraging scientific and technological innovation, and attracting high-end talents, continue to play a role in tax support, improve the anti-risk capabilities of SMEs, and stimulate their transformation and upgrading potential. In addition, with regard to problems such as financing difficulties for small and medium-sized enterprises and private enterprises, policy linkages can be considered, and tax credits can be used as collateral to increase financial support for individual business and small and micro enterprises. "
Qu Zhanhan Ouyang Jie Qu Xinming
Qu Zhanhan Ouyang Jie Qu Xinming