Becker was convicted earlier this month of four counts.
Among other things, he was convicted of hiding assets worth millions of pounds - to avoid paying off his debts - and of having hidden debts.
However, Becker was acquitted of 20 of the charges.
The 54-year-old six-time Grand Slam champion was found guilty of transferring money to his ex-wife Barbara and his stranger wife Sharlely after his 2017 bankruptcy.
"It is remarkable that you have not shown remorse or acceptance of your guilt," Judge Deborah Taylor told him when she sentenced him to two years and six months in prison at Southwark Crown Court in London.
"There has been no humility."
She said Becker would serve half his sentence behind bars and then a suspended sentence could be imposed.
Becker, whose partner Lillian and son Noah were in court, looked straight ahead when the verdict was announced.
The text is updated.