"Where to work out" will no longer be difficult
With the improvement of people's living standards, the enthusiasm for national fitness is increasing, and sports such as square dancing and walking are favored by more and more people.
However, the resulting noise disturbance, site disputes, traffic safety and other issues cannot be ignored, which brings new challenges to urban governance.
How to meet the needs of public fitness while taking into account social order?
As a city manager, on the one hand, the government must guide bodybuilders to abide by social order and establish a sense of rules; on the other hand, it must increase the supply of public fitness space, and strive to solve the problem of "where to go to exercise" for the masses.
Fitness should not affect others
"It is too painful to live in noise every day!" Liu Xiaoyun complained to reporters.
Throughout the year, it is not the alarm clock that wakes up "office worker" Liu Xiaoyun every day, but the aunt of the square dancer who wakes up early downstairs and the uncle of the choir who practices his voice.
Liu Xiaoyun told reporters that every morning and evening in his community, people dance and sing square dances. The voice is so loud that you can hear them clearly even if you close the window.
What made her even more troublesome was that her son who was in elementary school couldn't do his homework at ease every day and was overwhelmed.
Why are public events such as square dancing so popular?
Aunt Dong, who often dances square dance, told reporters: "Square dance is not difficult to learn. You can exercise and make friends. I come out and dance with everyone every day, and I feel refreshed."
Because of this, more and more middle-aged and elderly people have joined the square dance team, but it has also brought about problems such as noise and occupying the venue. Conflicts between square dance participants and surrounding residents have occurred frequently.
The square dance was also confronted by throwing water bags, high-pitched cannons upstairs, and even staged hands-on fights, which not only caused harm to both parties, but also affected social harmony and stability.
Not only square dances, but also fitness activities such as runaway, whiplashing, and spinning tops have always been controversial.
For example, the "runaway group" wantonly invaded the motorway and ignored the traffic lights, affecting traffic safety; the cyclists were crazy about "racing" and shuttled back and forth on the sidewalk, accidentally hitting pedestrians; the whiplashers danced like flying, letting the surrounding fitness The crowd was frightened...
In this regard, Pang Jiulin, director of the Beijing Chunlin Law Firm, said that rampant walking on the road and "racing" on the motorway are not only uncivilized behaviors, but also suspected of breaking the law.
According to Article 31 and Article 61 of the Road Traffic Safety Law of the People’s Republic of China, without permission, no unit or individual may occupy the road to engage in non-traffic activities; pedestrians should walk on the sidewalk, and there is no sidewalk by the road While walking.
According to Article 57 of the Road Traffic Safety Law of the People’s Republic of China, driving non-motorized vehicles on roads shall comply with relevant traffic safety regulations. Non-motorized vehicles shall drive in non-motorized vehicle lanes; on roads without non-motorized vehicle lanes To get on, you should drive on the right side of the carriageway.
"Exercise is understandable. Everyone should participate in it, but we should not base our personal interests on other people's distress and interfere with other people's normal lives." said Yang Hongshan, a professor at the School of Public Administration of Renmin University of China.
Rigid and flexible to solve the problem of harassing the people
"It's not that I haven't complained, but it hasn't been effective. The management staff came, and they could only persuade the dancers to lower the music, and when they left, the voice became louder again." Liu Xiaoyun said helplessly.
Yang Hongshan believes that the uncivilized phenomenon of public fitness frequently occurs. One of the important reasons is the lack of rules for uncivilized behaviors. The existing norms are not clear enough. Even if it disturbs the people, there should be clear regulations on who will coordinate and who will supervise."
In fact, in recent years, the governance of "disturbing people's fitness" such as square dancing has been strengthened.
In 2017, the "Notice on Guiding the Healthy Development of Square Dance Activities" issued by the State Sports General Administration stipulates that the noise generated by the square dance fitness activities shall not affect the surrounding students' classes and the normal life of residents.
On August 17 this year, the “Law of the People’s Republic of China on the Prevention and Control of Noise Pollution (Draft)” was submitted to the 30th meeting of the Standing Committee of the Thirteenth National People’s Congress for deliberation. The current law was revised and it was proposed to impose penalties on public entertainment and fitness noise disturbances. .
Wang Yi, an expert from the Committee of Experts of the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, said that the relevant laws are not yet complete. He suggested that an urban public space management law be formulated to restrict the behavior of urban public spaces.
After the regulations are clear, they need to be implemented more effectively.
"The current law enforcement needs to be strengthened. If a more professional urban management team can be established and the law enforcement of actions that affect the order of urban management will be strengthened, it will be of great help in reducing such actions." Wang Yi said.
"Civilized urban public space is not formed in a day. Punishment is not a goal, and regulations alone cannot be done once and for all." Yang Hongshan believes that it is necessary to strengthen publicity and education, guide people to establish a sense of civilization, and improve their own quality.
"Legal education should start from the baby." Wang Yi believes that starting from kindergartens and elementary schools, it is necessary to strengthen legal education, increase the proportion of legal courses and class hours, so as to improve the public morals of the whole people, and form a society that does not cross boundaries and does not affect others. Self-discipline atmosphere.
In addition to rigid law enforcement, there are also many attempts to use technical means to solve such problems.
Recently, the smart square dance system installed on a pilot basis in the Gumei Population Culture Park in Minhang, Shanghai has won praise from nearby residents.
The system uses directional sound technology to control the sound propagation range within a 30° angle in front. The sound in the directional area is clear, but the sound at the side and back weakens quickly. What is heard at 70 meters from the side or 50 meters from the back Vaguely similar to the mosquito "buzzing" sound.
In order to strictly control the upward sound volume and avoid disturbing the residents of nearby high-rise residential buildings, the grape rack where the system is located has been reinstalled with a roof.
One month after the installation, the neighborhood office has received almost zero complaints about square dances from residents.
A resident living nearby said: “After the ceiling is installed, the sound of square dancing is hardly heard at home.”
More and more cities such as Beijing, Nanning, Chengdu, etc. are emerging "silent square dance": Without high-decibel loudspeakers, the entire square is quiet, and the grandparents who wear wireless FM headphones uniformly move and dance.
Reasonable planning of urban space
In the view of Zhang Shangwu, a professor at the School of Architecture and Urban Planning of Tongji University, the conflict between public service supply and national fitness demand has been reflected from the disturbance of the square dance to the "travelers" and the "racing racers" occupying the road.
Cycling enthusiast Li Jia often struggles with finding a suitable venue for cycling and fitness.
"The bicycle lanes on many roads are very narrow. In many places, bicycle lanes and auxiliary roads are mixed. Electric vehicles and pedestrians often appear on the bicycle lanes, which is very unsafe." Li Jia told reporters.
According to data released by the State Sports General Administration, as of the end of 2020, there were 3,713,400 sports venues nationwide, covering an area of 3.099 billion square meters, with a per capita sports area of 2.20 square meters.
This is an improvement compared to previous years, but it is still far below the level of neighboring countries such as Japan and South Korea, and there is a large gap in outdoor sports infrastructure.
"This is not unrelated to my country's past urban construction standards and construction concepts." Zhang Shangwu pointed out that in the past urban planning and construction, the main concern was the traffic function of the street, and the slow traffic and the daily life function and Insufficient attention to activities and insufficient supply of residents’ daily fitness space.
In modern urban life, streets are increasingly given multiple roles. An ideal street is not only an infrastructure for vehicles and pedestrians, but also an important space carrier for urban life and public activities. The new street space design must adapt to the new society. need.
In this regard, many experts interviewed by the reporter said that efforts should be made to increase the supply of fitness venues, to open up some road sections and delimit special fitness venues for sports enthusiasts.
From the publication of "Healthy China Action (2019-2030)" to the "Opinions on Strengthening the Construction of National Fitness Facilities to Develop Mass Sports", "National Fitness Plan (2021-2025)" and other documents were issued. In recent years, the state has continued to introduce Relevant policy guidelines promote the creation of a “15-minute fitness circle” and make every effort to solve the problem of “where to go to exercise” for the masses.
Recently, the National Development and Reform Commission organized the implementation of the national fitness facilities to make up for the shortcomings, and arranged an investment of 2 billion yuan within the central budget to support sports parks, national fitness centers, public stadiums in standard track and field tracks, standard football venues, social football venues, and fitness trails. , There are 177 public service facilities for outdoor sports.
Zhang Shangwu said that it is necessary to make careful calculations in the redistribution of public activity space, strengthen guidance on the rational use of public space through urban planning and legal construction, and tap the potential and integration of space resources.
"For example, it is possible to integrate the internal space of some units with the urban space, and coordinate the internal playgrounds and small green spaces of some schools, enterprises and institutions to be open to the public at a specific time period to improve the efficiency of space utilization. Of course, this is inseparable. The improvement of the city's refined governance capabilities." Zhang Shangwu said.
Invigorate free land, corner land and other resources, and plan to build multifunctional sports fields, sports parks, fitness trails, courts, etc. that are close to the community and are accessible to the public. Actions are already being taken everywhere.
Beijing opened a special bicycle road, built 36 kilometers of community walking trails in 2020, and completed the comprehensive management of 378 kilometers of slow-motion system; Chengdu issued the country’s first "Guidelines for the Setting of Sports Spaces in Front of Homes" to promote the use of old factory buildings, roof spaces, and bridges. "Phnom Penh and Silver Corner" has been implanted in sports facilities such as Xiakong. This year, 50 "community sports corners" will be built in front of homes; Jiangsu has accelerated the construction of sports parks and has built more than 1,300 sports parks covering urban and rural areas, with public sports venues per capita. The area reaches 3.15 square meters...
I believe that with the joint efforts of all parties, people with different sports needs can have a place to go. "Where to go for fitness" will no longer be a problem.
Qiao Cai
Qiao Cai