Henan's wheat harvest season suffered "bad rain", what is the disaster situation? How to deal with it?

Text/Chen Shu

Recently, a series of rains in many places in Henan Province have caused the video of wheat to be harvested mold and germination flooded the Internet. Since the 25th, six consecutive days of heavy rain have had a great impact on the local wheat harvest and have also attracted great public attention.

Henan is China's main grain producing area, and Henan's food security is not only directly related to the "rice bowl" of local farmers, but also to national food security.

In view of the current wheat harvesting situation, the official has comprehensively carried out measures to stop the loss in time, hoping to achieve "the dead sheep make up for it, it is not too late".

The wheat harvest season encountered the worst "bad rain" in nearly 10 years

According to the latest information released by the Department of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of Henan Province, the widespread continuous rainy weather since May 5 has seriously affected the normal ripening harvest of wheat. This rainfall process highly coincided with the wheat ripening period in southern Henan, lasting up to 25 days, covering 6 provinces and municipalities and Jiyuan demonstration areas in the province, especially in Zhumadian, Nanyang and other places.

As of May 5, the average rainfall in the province reached 29 mm, and 35 provinces and municipalities received more than 11 mm of rainfall, including 30.81 mm in Shangqiu, 3 mm in Zhoukou and 55.48 mm in Zhumadian.

The Department of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of Henan Province said that this rainy weather process has led to water accumulation in wheat fields in some places, wheat spots lodging and mold, and grain germination and ear germination in some parts of the province, which is the most serious "rotten rain" weather in the past 10 years.

How affected is Henan wheat affected by the disaster?

Henan is China's major wheat-growing province, accounting for 25% of the country's wheat planting area, and one out of every four steamed buns eaten by Chinese people is made of Henan wheat flour.

For the current harvest progress of wheat in Henan, official statistics show that on May 5, it began to organize the ripe areas of southern Henan to rush to harvest wheat, a total of 23.178 million mu of ripe wheat was harvested before the rain, and the mature wheat harvest was basically completed, and the rain has organized a rush to harvest 208.3 million mu. As of May 5, a total of 29.386 million mu had been harvested, accounting for 3.8500% of Henan's 4 million mu of wheat.

Zhumadian City, which was greatly affected by this continuous rainfall, held a special press conference on the production of "Three Summers" on May 5, saying that the sown area of summer grain in Zhumadian City this year was 26.1173 million mu, an increase of 1,27 mu over the previous year, of which 1171.4 million mu of wheat, an increase of 3,1 mu over the previous year. Through the analysis of pre-yield, the number of wheat mu ears and ear grains this year increased slightly compared with the previous year, the weight of <>,<> grains decreased slightly, the yield and total output increased compared with last year, and a bumper summer grain harvest is in sight.

In addition, according to the Department of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of Henan Province, Henan Province has more than 400 million mu of wheat seed fields, with a seed output of 38.38 billion jin, accounting for more than 60% of the country, of which <>% are distributed in northern Yubei, which is less affected by this rainfall, but this year's wheat seeds in southern Henan may be affected somewhat.

Jiang Wenlai, a researcher at the Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, told China News Agency that Henan Province is one of the thirteen main grain producing areas in China, and the quality of wheat is also very good, which is an important part of the national grain harvest throughout the year.

"Although from the perspective of area, the current impact is not too big, but the current busy agricultural season, after the wheat harvest to continue to rush to plant the next crop, we need to hurry up the harvest, let the harvesting machinery in place in time, speed up the progress, dry in time, find ways to minimize losses, and safeguard farmers' interests in growing grain." Jiang Wen said.

Five days later, the peak of the harvest came

According to the forecast of the meteorological department, the rainfall will basically end on May 5, and it is expected that the conditions for agricultural machinery to operate in the field will be basically met on June 30. Henan's agricultural department said that wheat south of the Yellow River entered the concentrated harvest period on June 6, and the peak harvest could be formed from June 1 to 6, except for local sporadic rainfall before June 2, the main wheat areas in the province were mainly cloudy and cloudy, which was conducive to large-scale machine harvesting operations, and it is expected that the wheat harvest will basically end around June 6.

Regarding the current wheat harvesting situation, on May 5, Liu Shangjin, vice governor of Henan Province, presided over the province's "three summers" production video scheduling meeting, emphasizing that every effort should be made to organize emergency harvesting and drying and drying, and scientific organization of emergency harvesting and drying should be regarded as the top priority of the work, and the number of drying equipment should be comprehensively checked to ensure that it should be exhausted. Grain storage and other grain storage enterprises should increase the purchase of wet grain and dry it in time. Expand drying sites as much as possible to minimize mildew in wheat. And supporting ten emergency harvesting, drying and drying measures.

On the 29th, Henan Province further issued seven measures for key issues, requiring seizing the opportunity and organizing the rush to harvest.

The first is to rush to drain stagnant water in the field. For low-lying waterlogged plots, we should pay close attention to organizing manpower and machinery, dredge drainage ditches in time, and create conditions for agricultural machinery to enter the land as soon as possible to rush to harvest.

The second is to strengthen the dispatch of agricultural machinery. Make good use of the existing 17,3 wheeled harvesters and more than <>,<> crawler harvesters, strengthen the linkage of provinces, cities and counties, give full play to the market-oriented cooperation mechanism of agricultural machinery cooperatives, accurately dispatch and accurately dock, and maximize the effectiveness of agricultural machinery equipment. At the same time, coordinate with neighboring provinces to ensure that contracted crawler harvesters are in place to speed up the wheat harvest after rain.

Previously, multiple online platforms released "22 harvesters on the Henan Highway for five or six days, who will bear the losses of farmers?" " and other information. The relevant departments of Henan Communications Investment Group Nanyang Branch responded that on the 24nd, 5 harvester transport vehicles were concentrated at the station and there was a slow passage, because some harvester transport vehicles did not apply for the "Oversized Transport Vehicle Pass". After the problem appeared, Henan Communications Investment Group Nanyang Branch immediately increased the number of inspection personnel, improved the inspection efficiency, and adopted the release of defects, which solved the problem of slow vehicle traffic on the same day, and there was no congestion of hundreds of vehicles for <> days.

The third is to hurry up drying and drying. Mobilize the existing drying equipment and grasp the harvest of wet grain drying. Give full play to the advantages of large drying equipment and strong capacity in grain storage, food system, supply and marketing system, increase the purchase of wet grain, carry out drying and storage in a timely manner, and give financial subsidies to grain drying. Make full use of cultural squares, school playgrounds, vacant factory buildings, front and back of houses in various places, flat roofs, etc. to carry out drying, guide farmers to lay tarps in the fields for drying, and dig out drying space as much as possible.

The fourth is to strengthen service guarantees. Strictly implement the policy of free passage for cross-regional machine collection, implement on-site certification services in service areas and high-speed entrances, increase green channels, and increase service personnel to improve traffic efficiency. Strengthen the deployment of police forces, do a good job of information prompts and vehicle scheduling in accident-prone areas and road sections prone to congestion, promptly and quickly handle accidents, prevent traffic congestion, and ensure the smooth passage of agricultural machinery. More than 400 machine collection service stations and 212 hotlines in the province keep personnel on duty at any time and provide relevant services in a timely manner.

Fifth, do a good job in helping difficulties. The province has organized and set up more than 600 emergency collection service teams to do a good job in ensuring the rush to collect in the jurisdiction, and timely provide emergency collection services for people in difficulty and remote areas with inconvenient transportation.

Sixth, strengthen dispatch guidance. The three levels of provinces, cities and counties carry out daily dispatch to solve the outstanding problems in the production of the "three summers" in a timely manner until the end of the summer sowing. Eighteen provincial-level expert guidance groups went to the front line to carry out technical guidance services for harvesting and seeding. For the wheat seed fields in the province, priority will be given to organizing a rush to harvest, giving priority to drying and drying to ensure the quality and quantity of seeds sown in autumn.

Seventh, do a good job in wheat harvesting and storage. Guide all kinds of market entities to actively carry out acquisitions, give play to the role of state-owned grain collection and storage enterprises as the main force, and increase the intensity of acquisitions. Strengthen market monitoring and early warning, and guide farmers to sell grain in an orderly manner and enterprises to collect grain in a balanced manner. Standardize grain procurement and collect all that should be collected. For grain that does not meet the food standards, we organize the purchase of grain at points, on the one hand, to ensure that it does not flow into the grain market, and on the other hand, to protect the interests of grain farmers to the greatest extent.