A strong country must first be strong in agriculture and agriculture in order to be strong in the country (Policy Interpretation Central No. 1 Document)
Make full efforts to promote the construction of a strong agricultural country
Interpreter: Zhu Weidong, member of the drafting group of the No. 1 Central Document
Interviewer: Our reporter Zhu Jun and Changqin
General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized that comprehensively promoting rural revitalization and accelerating the construction of a strong agricultural country are the strategic deployments made by the Party Central Committee with a view to building a modern socialist country in an all-round way.
A strong country must first strengthen its agriculture, and only a strong agriculture can make the country strong.
Without a strong agricultural country, there would be no modernized country; without agricultural and rural modernization, socialist modernization would be incomplete.
This year's No. 1 Central Document not only bases itself on the present, but also deploys the key tasks of comprehensively promoting rural revitalization; it also focuses on the long-term, and puts forward the overall requirements for speeding up the construction of a strong agricultural country.
The members of the document drafting team stated that it is necessary to clarify the main direction and strategic focus, continuously strengthen the supply of policies and factors, focus on promoting technological and institutional innovation, and make full efforts to promote the construction of a strong agricultural country to start a good start.
How to deeply understand the significance of accelerating the construction of a strong agricultural country?
Members of the document drafting team believe that a strong agricultural country is the foundation of a strong modern socialist country.
From the overall perspective of the great rejuvenation strategy of the Chinese nation, a strong agricultural country is not only the proper meaning of a modern power, but also an important support for a modern power.
At the same time, the construction of a strong agricultural country can also effectively tap and activate the huge market demand in agriculture and rural areas, open up new space for macroeconomic development, and add new momentum to the comprehensive modernization drive.
Judging from the major changes in the world that have not been seen in a century, the only way to deal with the major test of high winds and even turbulent waves is to speed up the construction of a strong agricultural country, not to be controlled by others in terms of the supply of important agricultural products, key core technologies, and industrial chain supply chains, so as to secure the jobs of the Chinese people. Only by firmly in our own hands can we firmly grasp the initiative in development and ensure the smooth advancement of the country's modernization drive.
Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping as the core has insisted on solving the "three rural" issues as the top priority of the work of the whole party, and promoted the historical achievements and historical changes in my country's agriculture and rural areas, and the construction of agricultural modernization. It has made great progress and has the basic conditions to move from a large agricultural country to a strong agricultural country.
What are the characteristics of a strong agricultural country?
Members of the document drafting team stated that the agricultural power my country wants to build should not only have the common characteristics of modern agricultural powers in the world, but also be based on national conditions and agricultural conditions and reflect Chinese characteristics.
Internationally, strong agricultural countries generally have the common characteristics of strong supply guarantee, strong scientific and technological equipment, strong operating system, strong industrial resilience, and strong competitiveness.
To speed up the construction of a strong agricultural country, we must follow the general laws of agricultural modernization, focus on changing the mode of agricultural development, closely rely on technological innovation and improve the quality of labor, promote intensive and connotative development, and promote the transformation of agriculture from large to strong.
At the same time, we must proceed from our country's national conditions and agricultural conditions, based on the resource endowment of many people and little land, the historical heritage of farming civilization, and the requirements of the era of harmonious coexistence between man and nature, rely on our own strength to secure our jobs, and rely on a two-tier management system to develop ecological development. Low-carbon agriculture, continuous farming civilization, solid promotion of common prosperity, and a path of agricultural modernization with Chinese characteristics.
Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, all regions and departments have firmly held the red line of 1.8 billion mu of cultivated land, and promoted the construction of high-standard farmland with high quality.
By the end of 2022, a total of 1 billion mu of high-standard farmland will be built across the country, stably guaranteeing a grain production capacity of more than 1 trillion catties, and more than half of the 1.918 billion mu of cultivated land will be high-standard farmland.
This year, my country will continue to strengthen the construction of high-standard farmland, build 45 million mu of land, and upgrade 35 million mu of land.
On the basis of adhering to household contract management, cultivating new agricultural management entities engaged in agricultural production and services is a major strategy related to my country's agricultural modernization.
In recent years, new types of business entities such as family farms, farmers' cooperatives, and leading enterprises that are market-oriented and aim at quality, benefit, and competitiveness have grown rapidly.
At present, there are 4.004 million family farms and 2.229 million farmers' cooperatives nationwide.
Agricultural social services cover an area of 1.87 billion mu, driving more than 89 million small farmers.
When will the goal of building a strong agricultural country be realized?
Members of the document drafting team said that building a strong agricultural country is a long-term task, and we must pay attention to working methods.
It is necessary to strengthen the top-level design, study and formulate plans to speed up the construction of a strong agricultural country, do a good job in overall planning and system arrangements, make solid and steady progress in stages, and do a good job in the connection between plans.
It is necessary to proceed step by step, steadily and steadily, and do more things to lay the foundation and benefit the long-term.
It is necessary to adapt measures to local conditions, focus on actual results, base on resource endowment and development stage, solve the practical problems that are most urgent in agricultural and rural development and that are most strongly reflected by farmers, and do not engage in cosmetic projects that are divorced from reality.
At present, we must focus on comprehensively promoting rural revitalization, and solidly promote the "five revitalizations" of rural industries, talents, culture, ecology, and organizations.
The No. 1 Central Document proposes to improve the multi-investment mechanism for rural revitalization.
Adhere to agriculture and rural areas as the priority protection area of the general public budget, and compact the input responsibility of local governments.
Steadily increase the proportion of land transfer proceeds used for agriculture and rural areas.
Promote financial institutions to increase loans in areas related to rural revitalization, with a focus on ensuring food security credit funding needs.
Previously, the central government issued an agricultural-related transfer payment of 211.5 billion yuan in advance in 2023 to encourage farmers to prepare for spring plowing; the Agricultural Bank of China strives to issue more than 160 billion yuan of spring plowing preparation loans this year to fully guarantee the credit demand for spring plowing preparation in various places.
Stable production and supply of grain and important agricultural products
Interpreter: Jiang Wensheng and Wu Xiaojia, members of the drafting group of the No. 1 Central Document
Interviewer: Our reporter Yu Jingxian Li Xiaoqing
General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized that ensuring the stable and safe supply of food and important agricultural products is always the top priority of building a strong agricultural country.
The warehouse is solid, and the world is safe.
my country's grain output has remained stable at more than 1.3 trillion catties for eight consecutive years. In particular, last year overcame the impact of multiple unfavorable factors such as the epidemic situation, violent fluctuations in international food prices, and high agricultural material prices. The grain output reached 1,373.1 billion catties, an increase of 7.4 billion catties, which Stabilizing expectations, stabilizing prices, and stabilizing the economic market provided strong support.
It should also be noted that, at present and in the future, the situation of ensuring the supply security of food and important agricultural products is complex and severe, and the pressure and challenges are increasing, and we cannot relax at all.
This year's No. 1 Central Document made a comprehensive deployment to ensure the stable production and supply of grain and important agricultural products, laying a solid foundation for accelerating the construction of a strong agricultural country.
Food security is the "biggest country".
According to the deployment of the No. 1 document of the Central Committee, this year will closely focus on ensuring that the national grain output will remain above 1.3 trillion catties, and will do everything possible to stabilize the area, focus on per unit yield, and strive to increase production.
In terms of stabilizing the area, there are mainly measures to promote the development of multi-crop grain production in southern provinces and encourage the development of ratooned rice in places where conditions permit.
In terms of stabilizing production and increasing production, we will carry out the creation of grain fields per ton, implement corn yield improvement projects, support the development of wheat "one spray and three defenses", and strive to increase the yield level.
Last year, my country's soybean oil production capacity improvement project got off to a good start. Soybean production reached 20 million tons for the first time, and the self-sufficiency rate increased by 3 percentage points.
The production of oilseeds expanded steadily, and the self-sufficiency rate of edible vegetable oil increased by 1.6 percentage points.
On this basis, the No. 1 Central Document proposes to expand the planting of soybean oilseeds, and further promote the project of increasing the production capacity of soybeans and oilseeds.
The guarantee of "rice bags" is strong, and the supply of "vegetable baskets" and "fruit plates" is abundant, which is related to the overall stability of economic and social development.
The No. 1 Central Document proposes to coordinate the regulation of grain and important agricultural products.
Including tightening the "vegetable basket" mayor responsibility system, continuing to improve the pig production capacity control mechanism, increasing the production and quality safety supervision of agricultural products such as meat, eggs, milk, fruits, vegetables and fish, and striving to achieve sufficient quantity, stable price and high quality.
To ensure food security, the key is to ensure the production capacity of food, to ensure that it can be produced, supplied, and supplied when needed.
On the high platform of grain output of 1.3 trillion catties, the higher the grain production capacity, the more difficult it will be.
It is necessary to consolidate the material foundation of "storing grain in the ground and storing grain in technology", promptly launch and implement a new round of 100 billion jin grain production capacity increase action, and strive to promote grain production capacity to a new level as soon as possible, and consolidate the foundation of food security in all aspects.
The root of food production lies in arable land, and the lifeblood lies in water conservancy.
The No. 1 Central Document proposes to strengthen the construction of agricultural infrastructure.
On the one hand, it is necessary to strengthen the construction of agricultural infrastructure with a focus on cultivated land. On the basis of strengthening the protection and use control of cultivated land and strictly observing the red line of 1.8 billion mu of cultivated land, gradually build all permanent basic farmland into high-standard farmland, and strengthen the protection of black soil and sloping farmland. Comprehensive management.
On the other hand, strengthen water conservancy infrastructure and agricultural disaster prevention and mitigation capacity building.
Including solidly promoting the construction of major water conservancy projects, accelerating the construction and modernization of large and medium-sized irrigation areas, and researching and launching a new round of agricultural climate resource survey and agricultural climate regionalization.
To solve the problem of eating, the fundamental way out lies in technology.
The No. 1 Central Document proposes to strengthen agricultural technology and equipment support.
In terms of specific measures, it is necessary to promote new breakthroughs in key areas of agricultural key core technologies, implement in-depth actions to revitalize the seed industry, and speed up making up for shortcomings such as large-scale intelligent agricultural machinery equipment, small machinery suitable for hilly and mountainous areas, and gardening machinery.
Our country is a large agricultural country, and emphasizing agriculture and consolidating the foundation is the foundation of the people and the key to governing the country.
To ensure national food security and the stable production and supply of important agricultural products, it is necessary to improve the agricultural support and protection system, strengthen the shared responsibility of the party and the government for food security, and improve the mechanism guarantees that farmers grow grain to earn money and local governments take responsibility for their duties.
Last year, in the face of rising prices of agricultural materials, the central government allocated a total of 40 billion yuan in subsidy funds for grain and agricultural materials in three batches, which were directly subsidized to farmers.
Farmers can make money by growing grain, and the country's food is safe.
The No. 1 Central Document improves the income guarantee mechanism for grain farmers in terms of prices, subsidies, insurance, etc., so that grain farmers can settle accounts, earn money, and get benefits.
Continue to increase the minimum purchase price of wheat, rationally determine the minimum purchase price of rice, stabilize rice subsidies, improve subsidies for corn and soybean producers, improve the mechanism for ensuring the supply and price stability of agricultural materials, and gradually expand the scope of full-cost insurance and planting income insurance for rice, wheat, and corn. Implement the pilot projects of soybean full cost insurance and planting income insurance.
We must not let heavy farmers catch food at a disadvantage.
The No. 1 Central Document emphasizes that the compensation mechanism for the interests of major grain-producing areas should be improved, and the scale of incentive funds for major grain-producing counties should be increased.
Let the main producing areas not suffer losses, harvest more grain, and harvest better grain.
At the same time, the main responsibility of local party committees and governments to focus on agriculture and grain should be consolidated, and provincial party committees and governments should be strictly assessed on arable land protection and food security responsibility systems to ensure that the main production areas, main sales areas, and production and sales balance areas each fulfill their responsibilities, and rice bowls are served together. We shoulder the responsibility together.
Consolidate and expand the achievements of poverty alleviation
Interpreter: Luo Dan Jin Sanlin, member of the drafting group of the No. 1 Central Document
Interviewer: Our reporter Gu Zhongyang
General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out in the report of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China: "Consolidate and expand the achievements of poverty alleviation, and strengthen the endogenous development motivation of poverty-stricken areas and poverty-stricken people." At the Central Rural Work Conference, General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized again: "Consolidate and expand poverty alleviation The result is the bottom-line task of comprehensively promoting rural revitalization, and we must continue to tighten our responsibilities, link up the assistance policies and implement measures for the out-of-poverty population and the out-of-poverty areas, and resolutely prevent the phenomenon of entire villages and townships returning to poverty."
This year is the first year to fully implement the spirit of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China. It is also a key year to consolidate and expand the achievements of poverty alleviation and effectively connect with rural revitalization. Consolidating and expanding the achievements of poverty alleviation is of great significance.
This year's No. 1 central document will prevent large-scale poverty return as the bottom line task of comprehensively promoting rural revitalization for specific deployment.
The No. 1 document of the Central Committee proposes to consolidate and expand the responsibility of all levels to consolidate and expand the achievements of poverty alleviation.
Strengthen dynamic monitoring and targeted assistance to prevent returning to poverty.
It is necessary to carry out normalized monitoring through channels such as personal declaration, cadre visits, and departmental screening and early warning, so as not to miss one person from one household, play a good role in early warning and response, and effectively achieve early detection, early intervention, and early assistance.
Focus on important areas such as income, "two guarantees and three guarantees", safe drinking water, etc., and implement targeted assistance to monitored households to effectively improve the effectiveness of assistance.
For monitoring households who are capable and willing to work, implement developmental assistance measures; for monitoring households without working ability, improve the hierarchical and classified social assistance system to provide basic protection.
To consolidate and expand the achievements of poverty alleviation, it is necessary to stabilize and improve the assistance policy.
The No. 1 Central Document proposes to implement the policy of consolidating and expanding the achievements of poverty alleviation and the effective connection of rural revitalization.
It is necessary to promote the refinement of policy measures at all levels and departments, strengthen policy coordination, and form a joint force.
Increase support for key areas.
The No. 1 document of the Central Committee proposes to implement a number of key projects for strengthening weak links and promoting revitalization in key counties supported by the national rural revitalization, to implement in-depth "group-style" assistance for medical and educational cadres and talents; to carry out in-depth special actions to consolidate the achievements of poverty alleviation and relocation and the special action to help the relocated masses find employment.
Increase fiscal and financial support.
The central government will coordinate and promote the proportion of rural revitalization subsidy funds used for industrial development to increase to more than 60%, improve the efficiency and effectiveness of fund use, give priority to ensuring the funding needs of people-to-household projects, and support the development of the industry that links farmers with farmers and rich farmers.
Strengthen financial assistance, maintain credit extension in poverty-stricken areas, do a solid job in the work of microfinance for people who have been lifted out of poverty, and increase financial support for assistance projects in accordance with market-oriented principles.
Gather support.
Deepen the cooperation between the east and the west and the designated assistance of central units, guide social forces to participate in the assistance, introduce ideas, talents, capital, technology and other elements to the poverty-stricken areas, and help the poverty-stricken areas to cultivate new economic growth points.
Deepen village assistance, and give full play to the role of the first secretary in the village and the work team in building and strengthening the village party organization, promoting the strengthening of the village and enriching the people, improving the level of governance, and serving the people.
Strengthen assessment and supervision.
Carry out overall performance assessment of the rural revitalization strategy, consolidate and expand the results of poverty alleviation and effectively link assessment and assessment with rural revitalization, optimize the assessment and assessment methods, make good use of the assessment and assessment results, give full play to the role of the "baton", tighten and consolidate responsibilities, and bring the poverty-stricken population and The assistance policies in the poverty-stricken areas are well connected and the measures are in place.
The No. 1 Central Document emphasizes strengthening the endogenous development motivation of poverty-stricken areas and people who have been lifted out of poverty, and has carried out targeted and specific deployments.
The next step is to increase the income of people out of poverty as a fundamental task, and to promote the accelerated development of poverty-stricken counties as the main direction of attack. Focus on industrial employment, pay more attention to helping people's will and wisdom, and use development methods to make the results of poverty alleviation more stable and sustainable.
Cultivate and upgrade industries.
It is necessary to cultivate characteristic and advantageous leading industries according to local conditions, focus on making up for shortcomings in technology, facilities, and marketing, do a good job in the connection between production and sales, and improve the mechanism of linking interests, so as to drive the people who have been lifted out of poverty to the fast track to becoming rich.
Specific policy measures include encouraging qualified farmers in poverty-stricken areas to develop courtyard economy, deepening various forms of consumption assistance, continuing to promote the establishment of consumption assistance demonstration cities and production area demonstration areas, and supporting poverty-stricken areas to build regional public brands.
Actively expand employment.
The No. 1 Central Document proposes a series of policy measures to promote the employment of people who have been lifted out of poverty.
These include deepening labor service cooperation between the east and the west, implementing key campaigns to prevent returning to poverty and employment, ensuring that the employment scale of the out-of-poverty labor force is stable at more than 30 million, continuing to operate employment assistance workshops and other industrial assistance projects, and giving full play to the employment guarantee role of rural public welfare jobs , In-depth implementation of the "Rain Plan +" employment promotion action.
Adhere to the use of development methods to promote endogenous development momentum in poverty-stricken areas.
It is necessary to help poverty-stricken counties to develop and strengthen the county economy, deepen exchanges and cooperation with developed regions, actively undertake industrial transfers, develop labor-intensive industries, accelerate the transformation of resource advantages into development advantages, create an engine for increasing people's income, and enhance the "blood-making" function of the region.
Help and cooperation should gradually shift the focus, promote east-west cooperation, centrally designated assistance units and social forces, change from helping poverty alleviation to promoting economic and social development in poverty-stricken areas, and change from mainly giving money and goods to introducing enterprises and guiding industrial transfer Focus on promoting the implementation of more projects, and promote the cultivation of new economic growth points in poverty-stricken areas.
Solidly promote the construction of a livable, business-friendly and beautiful countryside
Interpreter: Zhou Yinghua and Zhou Yezheng, members of the drafting group of the No. 1 Central Document
Interviewer: Our reporter Wang Hao Li Xiaoqing
General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out in the report of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China: "Coordinate the layout of rural infrastructure and public services, and build a livable, business-friendly and beautiful village."
Rural modernization is the inherent requirement and necessary condition for building a strong agricultural country, and building a livable, business-friendly and beautiful countryside is the proper meaning of a strong agricultural country.
Villages with singing birds and fragrant flowers, gurgling water and prosperous industries are the vision and yearning of hundreds of millions of farmers for a better life.
How to solidly promote the construction of a livable, business-friendly and beautiful countryside?
This year's No. 1 Central Document made key deployments.
All regions and departments should aim at the goal of "basically having modern living conditions in the countryside", base on reality and scientifically plan, and solidly promote rural development, rural construction, and rural governance, so that farmers can live a modern and civilized life on the spot.
Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, rural construction has been carried out in an all-round way, and the living conditions of farmers have continued to improve.
At the same time, we should be soberly aware that there are many shortcomings in rural infrastructure and public services. To promote rural construction, we must persevere in efforts to ensure that various tasks are implemented in detail, and to continuously improve the sense of gain and happiness of the majority of farmers. ,sense of security.
To promote rural construction, planning goes first.
The vast rural areas have many points and wide areas, and the natural conditions and economic and social development levels are very different, so measures must be adapted to local conditions.
The No. 1 Central Document pointed out that the planning and construction of villages should be strengthened.
In actual operation, it is strictly forbidden to withdraw and merge villages and build large communities against the wishes of farmers, prevent large-scale demolition and construction, and blindly build archways, pavilions and corridors to "pile bonsai". Live in the nostalgia rhyme nostalgia.
To promote rural construction, efforts must be made to improve the living environment.
The No. 1 document of the Central Committee made specific arrangements to continue to carry out village cleaning operations, promote the treatment of rural domestic sewage by classification and step by step, and promote the classification and reduction of rural domestic waste at the source.
Promoting rural construction is inseparable from the improvement of public services.
All regions and departments should promote the sinking of basic public service resources, focus on strengthening weak links, accelerate the construction of public service facilities in epidemic prevention, elderly care, education, and medical care, further improve the rural social security system, and enhance basic public service capabilities.
In particular, it is necessary to strengthen the overall planning and construction of urban and rural areas at the county level, allocate county and rural public resources in a gradient manner, develop urban and rural school communities, compact medical and health communities, and elderly care service associations, and promote urban and rural coordination of universal service facilities such as power supply, gas supply, telecommunications, and postal services in county areas construction and management.
Comprehensively promoting rural revitalization is an important task of building a strong agricultural country in the new era, and industrial revitalization is the top priority of rural revitalization.
Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, my country's agricultural product processing and distribution industry has accelerated its development, and the ratio of the output value of the agricultural product processing industry to the total agricultural output value has reached 2.5:1.
There are more than 300,000 leisure farms, sightseeing farms, and farmhouses across the country, with an annual operating income of more than 700 billion yuan.
There are more than 30,000 agricultural e-commerce companies of all kinds, and the rural online retail sales exceed 2 trillion yuan.
Prosperous industry is the prerequisite for solving all problems in rural areas.
Practice has proved that the prosperity of rural industries can drive more capital, technology, talents, etc. to flow to the countryside, and the countryside will have vitality, popularity, and momentum.
The No. 1 Central Document clearly stated that the high-quality development of rural industries should be promoted.
To promote the high-quality development of rural industries, it is necessary to plan a layout in accordance with the requirements of the three words "local specialties".
All localities should rely on agricultural and rural characteristic resources, develop multiple functions of agriculture, tap the multiple values of the countryside, select the breakthrough point for industrial development, and give play to the multiplier effect of the three industrial integrations, focus on strengthening the leader, supplementing the chain, developing the business model, and building the brand to enhance the industrial market Competitiveness and anti-risk ability drive farmers to find jobs and start businesses nearby.
For the industry to prosper, the key is to drive farmers to become rich.
All localities should focus on improving the mechanism of linking the interests of farmers with farmers in industrial development, and accelerate the formation of a pattern in which enterprises and farmers complement each other in the industrial chain, and division of labor and cooperation, so as to leave more value-added benefits to farmers.
Harmonious Villages is a further enrichment and expansion of the connotation and goals of rural development, emphasizing both rural shaping and soul casting, and the coordination of material civilization and spiritual civilization. Stable and peaceful.
The key to improving the rural governance system lies in the party.
The No. 1 Central Document proposes to improve the rural governance system led by the party organization.
All localities should strengthen the political and organizational functions of rural grassroots party organizations, highlight the clear orientation of the grassroots, strengthen the responsibility of county-level party committees to grasp the township and promote villages, and further promote party building to promote rural revitalization. role model.
Strengthen the construction of spiritual civilization in rural areas.
The No. 1 Central Document proposes to carry out in-depth publicity and education on socialist core values.
It is necessary to innovate the starting point, platform and carrier of rural spiritual civilization construction, strengthen rural ideological and political education, guide the peasants to listen to the party, appreciate the party's gratitude, and follow the party, further promote the transformation of rural customs, strengthen the binding role of village rules and regulations, and shape rural areas. The new fashion of civilization.
Improve the effectiveness of rural governance.
It is necessary to improve the village self-government mechanism under the leadership of the party organization, strengthen the education and legal services of the rule of law in rural areas, and deepen the pilot construction of the rural governance system.
In addition, it is necessary to make good use of traditional governance resources and modern governance methods, severely crack down on illegal and criminal acts that violate the rights of rural women and children in accordance with the law, and improve and promote pragmatic and effective governance methods such as point system, list system, digitization, and action upon complaint.