"During the Spring Festival holiday, the epidemic did not show a significant rebound. During the entire epidemic process, no new mutant strains were found. The current round of epidemics in my country is coming to an end." The latest issue of "China CDC weekly" ("China Center for Disease Control Weekly") The published "Overview of National Novel Coronavirus Infection Diagnosis, Treatment and Surveillance Data" (hereinafter referred to as "Overview") concludes this way.

  The "Overview" was published by the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention on January 25.

The "Overview" uses the monitoring data reported by each province to conduct a preliminary analysis of the national new coronavirus infection diagnosis, treatment and monitoring data from December 9, 2022 to January 23, 2023.

  The "Overview" shows that my country's current round of the epidemic reached its peak in late December 2022, and has continued to decline since then. It shows a downward trend. By the end of January 2023, the overall epidemic situation in the country has been reduced to a low level, and the pressure on medical treatment has further slowed down.

  Specifically, the positive rate of nucleic acid detection in my country reached its peak (29.2%) on December 25, 2022, and the positive rate of antigen detection reached its peak (21.3%) on December 22, 2023, and both fell to 6 in late January 2023. %the following.

At the same time, the number of fever clinic visits across the country will also reach its peak in late December 2022. From the perspective of cities alone, Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei and other provinces will reach their peak earlier; by late January 2023, the number of fever clinic visits in urban and rural areas will be higher The peak value dropped by more than 90%.

  The peak of patients in hospitals across the country was later than the peak of infection, reaching the peak on January 5, reaching 1.625 million; among them, positive severe patients also peaked on the same day, at 128,000, and then fell back to 128,000 on January 23. 36,000 people.

The number of deaths in hospital reached a daily peak of 4,273 on January 4 and fell back to 896 on January 23.

The national infection peaked in late December last year, and the peak time varies in different provinces, and the urban and rural areas are basically synchronized

  The "Overview" reports national infection surveillance data, including nucleic acid detection data, antigen detection data, and infection surveillance of sentinel community populations.

Among them, the positive rate of nucleic acid detection reached its peak (29.2%) on December 25, 2022, and the positive rate of antigen detection reached its peak (21.3%) on December 22, and both fell below 6% in late January 2023.

  After December 8, 2022, the whole country (excluding Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan, the same below) will no longer carry out nucleic acid screening for all employees, and will implement voluntary inspections. At the same time, some areas will carry out regular nucleic acid testing for key populations.

Affected by the willingness of residents to test, the number of nucleic acid tests in various provinces has continued to decrease. For example, the number of tests reached 150 million on December 9, dropped to 7.54 million on January 1, 2023, and dropped to a minimum of 280,000 on January 23.

  After December 9, 2022, the number of positive nucleic acid tests and the positive rate of the reported population in each province showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing. The number of positives reached a peak (6.94 million) on December 22 and then gradually decreased, reaching the lowest level on January 23, 2023. 15,000; the test positive rate reached its peak on December 25, 2022 (29.2%) and then gradually decreased, and then dropped to 5.5% on January 23, 2023.

  The positive rates of nucleic acid tests in different provinces peaked at different times, among which Beijing and Tianjin reached their peaks on December 14 and 19, 2022 respectively; Sichuan, Chongqing, Hubei and other 15 provinces reached their peaks during December 21-24; 15 provinces including Zhejiang and Guangxi reached their peak during December 26-28.

After reaching the peak, the rate of decline varies from province to province, and they have all dropped to a relatively low level, with more than 70% of the provinces falling below 10%.

The pictures in this article are all attached to the "Overview".



  In terms of antigen detection.

Since December 2022, some provinces have established an application program (APP) for collecting residents' antigen detection information, and residents can voluntarily upload antigen detection results.

The number of antigen tests reported by provinces is low and gradually reduced, from a high of 1.89 million on December 19, 2022 to a low of 105,000 on January 23, 2023.

  The positive number and positive rate of antigen tests in the reporting provinces have risen rapidly since December 9, 2022, peaked on December 22 (337,000, 21.3%), and then fluctuated downward, and fell to the lowest on January 23, 2023, respectively 4773 and 4.5%.

  In recent days, the positive rate of nucleic acid and antigen tests in a few provinces has increased slightly, which may be due to the higher willingness of symptomatic people and people at risk of exposure to be tested, and the continuous decline in the number of people tested in the community. At the same time, the increased mobility of people during the Spring Festival holiday may also cause some uninfected Increased risk of infection among the population.

  From December 16, 2022, community sentinels will be set up in all provinces to carry out infection monitoring.

A multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method was used to select a provincial capital city, a large city and a county in each province. At least 2,000 households (not less than 5,000 people) were sampled in each provincial capital city, and at least 1,500 households (not less than 5,000 people) were sampled in each large city. less than 3,000 people), and at least 1,000 households (not less than 2,500 people) were sampled in each county.

The smallest sampling unit is the family, and all family members of the selected family are monitored, with a total of about 420,000 people, mainly for nucleic acid and antigen testing.

  From December 16, 2022 to January 12, 2023, the sentinel community population will be surveyed twice a week (a total of 8 rounds), and from January 13, the survey will be conducted once a week.

The daily average new positive rate (referring to the average daily positive rate of new nucleic acid and antigen tests during the current round of investigation) dropped from 4.13% in the first round (December 16 to 19, 2022) to the ninth round ( 0.13% during January 13-20, 2023), and up to 6.30% in the second round (December 20-22, 2022).

Among them, the average daily new positive rate in urban areas dropped from 6.89%, the highest in the second round, to 0.13% in the ninth round.

The average daily new positive rate in rural areas dropped from 4.79%, the highest in the second round, to 0.12% in the ninth round.

The results show that the infection level of the population in the affected communities across the country has dropped to a relatively low level, and the trend of urban and rural epidemics is basically synchronized.

National fever clinics reached their peak in late December last year, and dropped sharply in the second half of the next month

  The "Overview" shows that the number of outpatients (clinics) in fever clinics (clinics) in township health centers in rural areas across the country and in outpatient clinics (consultations) in medical institutions above the second level and urban community health service centers in the country will all reach their peak in late December 2022, and then in 2022. It will fall sharply in late January 2023, falling by more than 90% from the peak.

  The number of visits to fever clinics (clinics) across the country reached a peak of 2.867 million on December 23, 2022, and has continued to decline since then.

On January 23, 2023, it fell back to 110,000 passengers, a 96.2% drop from the peak.

  The number of visits to fever clinics (clinics) in township health centers in rural areas across the country reached a peak of 922,000 on December 23, 2022, and then fluctuated and decreased.

It will fall back to 50,000 on January 23, 2023, a 94.6% drop from the peak.

  The number of outpatient (consultation) visits in medical institutions above the national secondary level and urban community health service centers reached a peak of 1.954 million on December 22, 2022, and has continued to decline since then.

On January 23, 2023, it fell back to 59,000 passengers, a drop of 97.0% from the peak.

The trends in the number of fever clinics in cities across provinces are basically similar. Except for provinces such as Beijing, Tianjin, and Hebei, which peak earlier, all other provinces will peak in late December 2022.

  The "Summary" also provides the detection data of weekly influenza-like cases in sentinel hospitals. Influenza-like cases peaked at 12.1% in the week of December 19-25, 2022, and then in January 16-22, 2023. It fell back to 2.0% this week.

  From December 12, 2022, the established influenza surveillance network sentinel hospitals in my country (a total of 824 sentinel hospitals, including 546 national-level sentinel hospitals and 278 non-national-level sentinel hospitals) and national-level network experiments Offices (402) carried out surveillance of new coronavirus infection.

  From September to early December 2022, the weekly number of influenza-like cases (ILI, Influenza-like Illness, body temperature ≥ 38°C, accompanied by cough or sore throat) in sentinel hospitals will be stable at about 100,000, and influenza-like cases account for The ratio of outpatient (emergency) department visits (ILI%) fluctuated between 2.7% and 3.6%.

ILI rose rapidly in the 50th week, and reached a maximum of 600,000 in the 51st week (December 19-25).

  ILI% rose rapidly (8.5%) from week 50, reached a maximum of 12.1% in week 51, declined rapidly from week 52, and fell back to 2.0% by the third week of 2023 (January 16-January 22) (Figure 2-5).

  From the perspective of different areas, the peak time of ILI% in each area is close, among which the southwest and central China will reach the peak in the 50th week of 2022 (11.8% and 9.2% respectively); Zhou reached its peak (respectively 11.3%, 15.3%, 13.7%, 5.6%, 11.2%), and then continued to decline (Figure 2-6).

At present, ILI% in various places has fallen back to the level before the current round of epidemic, or even lower.

  The network laboratory tests the samples of influenza-like cases for the new coronavirus and influenza virus at the same time. From the 49th week of 2022 (December 9), the positive rate of the new coronavirus began to increase gradually, and the whole country reached its peak during the 51st and 52nd weeks. It began to fluctuate and decline; the positive rate of influenza virus gradually decreased during the same period, and fell to an extremely low level in late December (Figure 2-7).

From the point of view of different regions, the peak time of the positive rate of new coronavirus in the samples of influenza-like cases in each region is close, among which the central China, southwest, northwest, north China and northeast regions reached the peak in 51 weeks (respectively: 73.2%, 72.5%, 58.3% , 44.4%, 38.4%); East China and South China peaked in 52 weeks (respectively: 73.0%, 68.4%), and then declined (Figure 2-8).

The number of patients in hospitals across the country reached its peak on January 5, and dropped significantly in the second half of the month

  The "Overview" shows that the number of COVID-19 patients in hospitals across the country peaked on January 5, 2023, reaching 1.625 million; among them, positive severe patients also peaked at 128,000 on the same day, and fell back to 36,000 on January 23.

The number of deaths in hospital reached a daily peak of 4,273 on January 4 and fell back to 896 on January 23.

  The number of people infected with COVID-19 in hospitals across the country reached a peak of 1.625 million on January 5, 2023, and continued to decline thereafter, falling back to 248,000 on January 23, a decrease of 84.8% from the peak.

  From December 27, 2022 to January 3, 2023, the number of positive critically ill patients nationwide increased by nearly 10,000 per day, and the increase decreased significantly on January 4, reaching a peak of 128,000 on January 5. It continued to decline, falling back to 36,000 on January 23, a drop of 72.0% from the peak.

  At present, the number of new crown infections and positive severe patients in hospitals in various provinces is still in a continuous decline.

The number of positive severe cases in the hospital, except Guangdong, Shandong, Guangxi, and Fujian, which slightly exceeded 2,000 cases, the remaining 28 provinces have all dropped below 2,000 cases.

  The number of deaths in hospital reached a daily peak of 4,273 on January 4, 2023, and then continued to decline, falling back to 896 on January 23, a drop of 79.0% from the peak.

The circulating strains are BF.7 and BA.5.2, no new mutant strains were found

  The "Overview" shows that my country continues to carry out new coronavirus mutation monitoring. From the perspective of virus mutation monitoring, after December 12, 2022, each province has selected a hospital in three different regions as a sentinel hospital for virus mutation monitoring. Nucleic acid detection and sequence determination were performed on the case specimens in the hospital.

At the same time, virus mutation monitoring of inbound personnel is carried out at land, water and airport ports across the country.

The monitoring results showed that the epidemic strains of this round were BF.7 and BA.5.2, and no new mutant strains were found.

  Surveillance shows that among the local cases in my country, BF.7.14 accounts for 96.7% of BF.7; BA.5.2.48 accounts for 60% of BA.5.2.

The "Summary" summarizes the prevalence of BF.7.14 and BA.5.2.48 variants.

  From September 26, 2022 to January 23, 2023, a total of 18,906 local cases of the new coronavirus genome effective sequences were reported nationwide, all of which were mutant strains of Omicron, with a total of 69 evolutionary branches, and the main epidemic strain was BA. 5.2 (70.8%), BF.7 (23.4%), BA.2.76 and other 13 evolutionary branches have a composition ratio between 0.1% and 1.3%, and 54 evolutionary branches have a composition ratio of less than 0.1% (1.1% in total).

  From December 1, 2022 to January 23, 2023, a total of 10,165 local cases of novel coronavirus genome valid sequences were submitted across the country, all of which were mutants of Omicron, with two evolutionary branches coexisting.

The main prevalent strains were BA.5.2 (70.2%) and BF.7 (28.3%).

A total of 11 cases of focused variant strains were found, including 1 case of XBB.1, 1 case of BQ.1.1.17, 4 cases of BQ.1.1, 3 cases of BQ.1.2, and 2 cases of BQ.1.8.

  As far as the situation of each province is concerned, in general, BF.7 is the dominant strain in Beijing and Tianjin; BF.7 and BA.5.2 are basically the same in Jiangsu and Inner Mongolia; BA.5.2 is the dominant strain in other provinces.

  The "Summary" also summarizes the prevalence of BF.7.14 and BA.5.2.48 mutant strains.

  According to the latest data of Pango nomenclature, BF.7 contains four characteristic amino acid mutation sites: ORF7a:H47Y, ORF1b:L238F, S:C1243F, ORF1a:V274L and a characteristic nucleotide mutation site C29632T named BF. 7.14.

The sequencing results showed that among the imported cases, BF.7.14 accounted for 37.4% of BF.7, mainly concentrated in December 2022, and the earliest reported time was September 25, 2022.

Among the local cases, BF.7.14 accounted for 96.7% of BF.7, and the earliest report time was September 27, 2022.

  According to the latest data of Pango nomenclature, BA.5.2 contains four characteristic nucleotide mutation sites: C2710T, C8626T, C16887T and T17208C variant strain was named BA.5.2.48.

The sequencing results showed that among the imported cases, BA.5.2.48 accounted for 6.2% of BA.5.2, and the earliest report time was August 15, 2022.

Among the local cases, BA.5.2.48 accounts for 60% of BA.5.2, and the earliest report time is July 13, 2022.

  (The Paper reporter Li Ji)