Draw a blueprint to the end to build an ecological civilization "the most important weapon of the country"
——A person in charge of relevant departments interprets the "National Park Spatial Layout Plan"
◎Our reporter Ma Aiping
The report of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China proposed to promote the construction of a system of nature reserves with national parks as the main body.
Recently, the National Forestry and Grassland Administration, the Ministry of Finance, the Ministry of Natural Resources, and the Ministry of Ecology and Environment jointly issued the "National Park Spatial Layout Plan", which clarified the timetable and roadmap for the construction of China's national park system.
"The introduction of the "National Park Spatial Layout Plan" is another landmark achievement in the construction of national parks in my country. It has important guiding significance for promoting the high-quality development of national parks and building the world's largest national park system." December 29 , Li Chunliang, deputy director of the National Forestry and Grassland Administration, told reporters at the press conference of the "National Park Spatial Layout Plan".
Determine the spatial layout of the national park system
The establishment of a national park system is a major institutional innovation in the construction of ecological civilization in my country.
"The "National Park Spatial Layout Plan", as a major achievement of my country's ecological civilization construction, has determined the development goals, spatial layout, creation and establishment, main tasks and implementation guarantees of national park construction." Li Chunliang said.
In terms of spatial layout, the "National Park Spatial Layout Plan" included the areas with the most important natural ecosystems, the most unique natural landscapes, the most essence of natural heritage, and the richest biodiversity in the national park system, and selected 49 candidates for national parks. Areas (including 5 officially established national parks), including 44 land areas, 2 land and sea areas, and 3 sea areas.
Fully connect major national strategies and major ecological projects. Among them, the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau has 13 candidate areas, forming the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau National Park Group, accounting for 70% of the total area of national park candidate areas; the Yangtze River Basin has 11 candidate areas, and the Yellow River Basin has 9 candidate area.
"National parks are the main body of my country's natural reserve system, and their spatial layout is directly related to my country's land space planning and the construction of the natural reserve system. The selection of national park candidate areas has gone through a process of scientific assessment, zoning screening, and benchmarking confirmation. "Ouyang Zhiyun, president of the National Park Research Institute and director of the Eco-Environmental Research Center of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, introduced that in the research, evaluation methods for the importance of ecosystems, the representativeness of rare and endangered species, and the uniqueness of natural relics and natural landscapes were established; The concentrated distribution areas of important ecosystems, representative rare and endangered species, and unique natural relics and natural landscapes define the natural ecological space that my country needs to strictly protect.
Build the world's largest national park system
The "National Park Spatial Layout Plan" clearly states that by 2025, a unified, standardized and efficient management system will be basically established; by 2035, the task of spatial layout and construction of national parks will be basically completed, and the world's largest national park system will be basically established.
Why is it said that my country's national park system is the largest national park system in the world?
Li Chunliang believes that it can be understood and grasped from four aspects: first, China's national parks are the "national important weapon" for the construction of ecological civilization; second, China's national parks have the largest protection scale; third, China's national parks protect ecological types and biodiversity The most abundant; Fourth, China's national parks benefit the most.
The "National Park Spatial Layout Plan" is closely linked to the major national ecological system protection and restoration projects centered on "three areas and four belts", covering the most critical areas of national ecological security barriers.
A group of national parks are deployed on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, with a total area of about 770,000 square kilometers, which will systematically and integrally protect the "third pole of the earth"; multiple national park candidate areas arranged in the Yangtze River Basin and the Yellow River Basin will protect the Yangtze River and the Yellow River. Watershed ecological protection and high-quality development play an important supporting role.
"The "National Park Spatial Layout Plan" planned and laid out 49 national park candidate areas, with a total area of about 1.1 million square kilometers, of which the land area is about 990,000 square kilometers and the sea area is about 110,000 square kilometers, accounting for 90% of the land area. 10.3%. After all are completed, the total scale of China's national park protection area will rank the largest in the world." Li Chunliang said.
(Science and Technology Daily, Beijing, December 29th)