China News Agency, Montreal, December 20th (Reporter Yu Ruidong) The second phase of the fifteenth Conference of the Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity (COP15), with China as the presidency, was held in Canada on the 20th after completing various agendas. Montreal ends.
The meeting passed the "Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework" (referred to as the "Framework") and a package of related documents in the early morning of the 19th.
According to the reporter's understanding, the "framework" sets four long-term goals for global biodiversity conservation, as well as 23 action-oriented global goals that are planned to be completed by 2030 at the latest.
The Framework states that biodiversity is fundamental to human well-being and a healthy planet and economic prosperity for all.
Yet biodiversity continues to deteriorate globally at a rate unprecedented in human history.
About 1 million species are threatened with extinction.
If no action is taken, the global rate of species extinction will accelerate further, and it is already dozens, if not hundreds of times, faster than the average rate of the past 10 million years.
The direct drivers of natural change with the greatest global impact are, in order: changes in land and ocean use, direct use of living organisms, climate change, pollution, and invasive alien species.
The Framework's vision is a world in harmony with nature, namely "By 2050, biodiversity is valued, conserved, restored and wisely used, ecosystem services are maintained, and a sustainable, healthy planet is achieved where all people important benefits to all.”
In order to achieve this vision, the "Framework" proposes that before 2030, urgent action must be taken to stop and reverse the loss of biodiversity and put nature on the road to recovery; to protect and sustainably use biodiversity and ensure fair and equitable sharing and utilization Benefits arising from genetic resources.
The main contents of the four long-term goals established by the "Framework" for 2050 are:
One, by 2050, maintain, enhance or restore substantially increased ecosystem integrity, connectivity and resilience;
Halt the human-caused extinction of known threatened species, reducing extinction rates and risks by a factor of 10 for all species.
Two, biodiversity is utilized and managed, nature's contributions to people are valued, maintained and enhanced, ecosystems currently in decline are restored, and sustainable development is supported.
Third, monetary and non-monetary benefits arising from the utilization of genetic resources, digital sequence information (DSI) on genetic resources and traditional knowledge associated with genetic resources are shared fairly and equitably, including with indigenous peoples and local communities, as appropriate.
Fourth, all Parties, especially developing countries, especially the least developed countries, have adequate means of implementation, including financial resources, capacity-building, technical and scientific cooperation, and access to and transfer of technology, to progressively scale down the US$700 billion annual biodiversity funding gap.
The "Framework" sets out 23 action-oriented global targets, and the actions specified in each target must be launched immediately and completed by 2030 at the latest.
Some of these goals include -
At least 30 per cent of degraded areas of terrestrial, inland water, coastal and marine ecosystems are effectively restored to enhance biodiversity and ecosystem functions and services, ecological integrity and connectivity;
Ensure and enable restoration of at least 30% of at least 30% of terrestrial, inland water, coastal and marine areas through effective conservation measures;
Take urgent management actions to stop the human-induced extinction of known threatened species, achieve species recovery and conservation, especially threatened species, and substantially reduce the risk of extinction;
Prevent the introduction of priority invasive alien species, reduce at least half the rate of introduction and establishment of other known or potential invasive alien species, and eliminate or control invasive alien species in priority sites, such as islands;
Reduce pollution risks and adverse impacts from all sources to levels that are not detrimental to biodiversity and ecosystem functions and services, including reducing by at least half the risks associated with the use of pesticides and highly toxic chemicals, and preventing, reducing and working towards the elimination of plastics Pollution, etc.; reduce global consumption footprint, halve global food waste, significantly reduce overconsumption, and significantly reduce waste generation;
Phase out or reform biodiversity-damaging subsidies of at least US$500 billion per year, while expanding positive incentives for biodiversity conservation and sustainable use;
Mobilize at least US$ 200 billion annually from all sources for the implementation of national biodiversity strategies and action plans.
Of these, biodiversity-related international financial flows from developed to developing countries, in particular least developed countries and small island developing States, and countries with economies in transition, will reach at least US$ 20 billion per year by 2025 and at least US$ 20 billion per year by 2030 to at least $30 billion per year.
In addition to the "Framework", the meeting adopted related monitoring frameworks, decisions on resource mobilization and technical and scientific cooperation and support for their implementation, decisions on planning monitoring reporting and review mechanisms, decisions on digital sequence information on genetic resources, etc. .
The meeting requested the Global Environment Facility to establish a special trust fund as soon as possible to support the implementation of the Framework.
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