The Beijing News (Reporter Zhang Lu) The reporter learned from the Beijing Municipal Bureau of Ecology and Environment yesterday that during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, Beijing will establish a three-dimensional monitoring network for greenhouse gases integrated with the sky and ground to scientifically characterize the greenhouse gases in Beijing's air. Concentration levels and trends.

  Technical means such as online monitoring help environmental law enforcement

  Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, Beijing has made milestone breakthroughs in the improvement of the ecological environment, and its green and low-carbon development has been at the forefront of the country.

In 2021, Beijing's air quality will fully meet the standards for the first time, and the United Nations Environment Program evaluated Beijing's atmospheric governance as a "Beijing miracle".

Environmental science and technology is a powerful weapon to improve the quality of the ecological environment.

  On the basis of traditional monitoring methods, Beijing has steadily adopted advanced technologies such as sampling, data transmission, analysis, and forecasting through scientific research, pilot application, and comprehensive promotion after the method is mature, supporting the construction of a world-class three-dimensional sky-ground The environment and pollution source monitoring system improves the level of dynamic and refined management and control.

  Hotspot grids, vehicle-mounted mobile monitoring, online monitoring and other technical means have become the secret "weapons" of environmental law enforcement. Beijing has also launched the application of drones, which has improved the level of technology and precision of law enforcement and supervision.

  Covering the high-density monitoring network of streets, towns and towns, carry out dynamic grid pollution research and evaluation, obtain high-value pollution areas and points, and provide accurate basis for supervision and law enforcement.

The remote online monitoring system for heavy-duty diesel vehicles has realized real-time monitoring of hundreds of thousands of heavy-duty diesel vehicles.

In addition to the traditional environmental elements, the construction of biodiversity, greenhouse gas monitoring and other systems have also been included in the work arrangement.

  Explore the monitoring of carbon sequestration in urban ecosystems

  Lu Haifeng, deputy director of the Beijing Ecological Environment Monitoring Center, said that greenhouse gas monitoring is an important technical means to support the synergy of pollution reduction and carbon reduction.

During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, Beijing will gradually establish an air-ground three-dimensional greenhouse gas monitoring network that focuses on automatic monitoring, supplemented by remote sensing monitoring, and supplemented by navigation and manual monitoring, to scientifically characterize the greenhouse gases in Beijing's air Concentration levels and trends.

  At the same time, carry out monitoring of greenhouse gas emissions in typical industries, further explore the monitoring of carbon sinks in urban ecosystems, and conduct collaborative analysis and evaluation of pollution reduction and carbon reduction, so as to provide Beijing with the goal of achieving carbon neutrality at the peak of carbon emissions and promoting the synergy of pollution reduction and carbon reduction. Strong technical support.

  On December 5, a press conference on "Technology Empowering Pollution Prevention and Control" was held in Beijing.

Last year, Beijing's six major air pollutants fully met the standards for the first time.

The reporter learned that the Beijing Ecological Environment Monitoring Center has continued to increase scientific research efforts in multiple directions such as air quality monitoring network construction, PM2.5 source analysis, air quality forecast and early warning, and off-site monitoring of pollution sources, and has produced a series of innovative scientific research results. Strong support for the improvement of air quality.

  focus 1

  Take the lead in building an urban PM2.5 real-time monitoring system

  According to Lu Haifeng, since 2012, Beijing has taken the lead in building an urban PM2.5 real-time monitoring system in the country according to the newly implemented "Ambient Air Quality Standards" and released it to the society hour by hour, comprehensively applying automatic monitoring technology and component monitoring technology , satellite remote sensing monitoring technology and ground-based radar monitoring technology, etc., has established a world-class three-dimensional monitoring system of sky and ground, which can monitor the changes of major pollutants in Beijing's air in real time; at the same time, organically integrate Internet of Things, big data, and artificial intelligence technologies , Established a high-density monitoring network for streets, villages and towns consisting of more than a thousand miniaturized sensors.

  Through intelligent identification and monitoring data, a dynamic grid pollution research and evaluation system is established to provide accurate basis for ecological and environmental law enforcement, and realize the transformation from the traditional on-site "point-to-point" supervision mode to the remote "point-to-face" mode.

In addition, through the establishment of a three-level management system of "city-district-street township", the level of refined, precise and intelligent management of atmospheric PM2.5 pollution has been comprehensively improved.

  focus 2

  Will create an "intelligent perception" base for ecological environment monitoring

  In terms of water ecological monitoring and evaluation, the Beijing Ecological Environment Monitoring Center has made full use of various innovative monitoring methods such as satellite remote sensing and environmental DNA technology to continue to carry out comprehensive monitoring of water ecology covering three aspects: physical and chemical indicators, aquatic organisms, and habitat conditions. Gradually improve the localized aquatic organisms DNA barcode database.

  At the same time, focusing on the integrity of the water ecosystem, a water ecological monitoring and evaluation technology system that conforms to the regional characteristics of Beijing has been preliminarily constructed to comprehensively, scientifically and objectively evaluate the current status of the city's water ecological environment quality, analyze the causes of water ecological problems, and contribute to the improvement of the water ecological environment. Management and evaluation of the effectiveness of water ecological restoration provide important technical support and help promote the transformation of water ecological environment quality from "clear bottom" to "fish flying in shallow bottom".

  In the next step, the Beijing Ecological Environment Monitoring Center will promote the in-depth application of new technologies such as big data, blockchain, and artificial intelligence in the field of monitoring, and build a world-leading innovation demonstration base for "intelligent perception" of ecological environment monitoring, fully supported by scientific and technological strength Fight the tough battle against pollution.

  focus 3

  Real-time tracking of connected vehicle emissions using IoT and more

  Lu Haifeng introduced that Beijing has also promoted off-site monitoring of pollution sources, using data to describe the characteristics of pollution sources in detail.

Since 2018, the Beijing Ecological Environment Monitoring Center has taken the lead in promoting the remote online monitoring technology of heavy-duty vehicle emissions in the country, and applied the Internet of Things and big data technology to break through the bottleneck of massive high-concurrency data reception and interpretation, and built the first heavy-duty vehicle emission monitoring system in the world. The demonstration platform for remote online monitoring of emissions can track the emission status of networked vehicles in real time. It can be seen at a glance where there are many vehicles, which vehicles are on the road in violation of regulations, and which vehicles are running "sick".

  Deepen the application of automatic monitoring data for key pollutant discharge units, and comprehensively analyze and perceive production changes, pollutant discharge conditions, and the operation of treatment facilities based on automatic monitoring data.

At the same time, these data are aggregated and analyzed to realize hour-by-hour dynamic characterization of the operation and emissions of various regions and industries, supporting fine-grained supervision of the industry.

  focus 4

  Released three rounds of PM2.5 source analysis to help management decision-making

  Pollution source analysis is an important technical means to identify the characteristics of PM2.5 components and the main contributing pollution sources.

Lu Haifeng said that Beijing has carried out three rounds of PM2.5 source analysis to help management decision-making.

  In 2014, Beijing took the lead in releasing the PM2.5 source apportionment results for the first time in the country. At that time, the relevant domestic technical field was still blank. The Municipal Ecological Environment Monitoring Center organized and developed monitoring methods for more than 200 compounds in PM2.5 within a year. , exploring PM2.5 source analysis technology, took a historic step, and clearly pointed out that the main sources of PM2.5 in Beijing's atmospheric environment at that time were "motor vehicles, industrial sources, coal, and dust".

  Based on the monitoring method system of constant components and trace tracers, Beijing released the second round of PM2.5 source apportionment report in 2018, and became the first city to update the results of PM2.5 source apportionment. As a result, mobile sources have become the main source of atmospheric PM2.5.

Subsequently, the Municipal Ecological Environment Monitoring Center independently innovated the analysis route, achieved two breakthroughs in the quantitative evaluation of regional transmission and the quantitative analysis of secondary organic matter, the analysis technology route reached the international advanced level, and the degree of refinement was internationally leading, and released the third round of PM2.5 Source analysis of the latest research results.

  The source apportionment results support the formulation of measures for Beijing's "Five-Year Action Plan for Clean Air" and "Three-Year Action Plan for Blue Sky Defense War".

(Source: Beijing News)