Focus interview丨Resolving disputes and relieving people's hardships to write a new chapter in rural revitalization
The report of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China pointed out that we should speed up the construction of a strong agricultural country and solidly promote the revitalization of rural industries, talents, culture, ecology, and organizations.
Talent is one of the five key points of rural revitalization, especially rural governance talents, which is directly related to whether rural revitalization can be carried out smoothly and orderly.
The so-called "lifting the coat and collar, leading the ox and leading the nose", to do a good job in rural affairs, you must rely on a good leader and a good grassroots party organization.
In Baini Village in Baise, Guangxi, the first secretary in the village and the big guys are discussing this matter, which involves the vital interests of many villagers.
Baini Village, Leye County, Baise, Guangxi, is the place where Huang Wenxiu, the former first secretary in the village and winner of the "July 1st Medal", worked before his death.
The villagers are discussing the matter of land lease, and the meeting is presided over by Huang Xu, the first secretary in the village.
In April this year, the inter-provincial Lewang Expressway Xieli Tunnel project was repaired to Baini Village, and 20 mu of forest land was temporarily rented to build a road for transporting muck for a period of 3 years.
I thought that the construction of such a road for the benefit of the people would be readily agreed by the villagers, but I didn't expect that it was not the case.
Of the 20 mu of woodland requisitioned, 4 mu belonged to villager Huang Shishun, who was also the most affected, so he felt very conflicted.
Huang Shishun, a villager in Baini Village, Leye County, Baise City, Guangxi:
The investment in the previous nine years was quite large. After the trees become forests, there is no need to invest much. I can't come back.
Although the construction party will compensate the villagers for part of the land occupation, there are still two-thirds of the losses that cannot be made up, so more than 20 villagers do not agree to rent the land.
Huang Xu, as the first secretary in the village, knows very well that if it is not handled properly, not only will the project fail to advance, but it will also harm the vital interests of the villagers, and even lead to adverse consequences.
What should we do?
Huang Xu, the first village resident secretary of Baini Village, Leye County, Baise City, Guangxi:
We discussed job opportunities with him, and after the completion of the expressway, he will be responsible for greening facilities first.
The villagers who occupy a small area quickly agreed to this plan, but Huang Shishun had the most worries because he had the most to lose.
Huang Xu and his team members visited again and again to discuss solutions.
Huang Shishun, a villager in Baini Village, Leye County, Baise City, Guangxi:
I disagreed at the time. The first secretary stationed in the village and the team members in the village often came to my home to do ideological work, and brought the government’s compensation plan, and the compensation was in place. Yes, and helped me win the opportunity to work on the construction site.
The cadres in the village and the village cadres told us that the construction of expressways will provide convenience for our local economy in the future, so after their enlightenment, we agreed to rent out the land.
In the end, all 23 villagers involved in the project planning reached an agreement with the construction party, the interests of the villagers were protected, and the conflicts were successfully resolved.
Huang Xu was selected and transferred from the Propaganda Department of the Baise Municipal Party Committee to Baini Village as the first secretary in the village last year.
The state has strict standards for the selection of the first secretary in the village to ensure that "good steel is used wisely."
Gao Xiaojun, Director of the Rural Governance Guidance Division of the Rural Cooperative Economic Guidance Department of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs:
The first secretary and the team members are required to have good political quality, love rural work, have strong work ability, and dare to take responsibility.
Zhao Yifu, director of the Rural Development Research Office of the Institute of Agricultural Economics and Development, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences:
He has no ties or interests in the village, so he promotes rural governance and rural development entirely out of publicity and dedication. He can fully Give full play to and integrate resources from all parties to effectively promote rural governance.
Shouldering the mission of rural governance, Huang Xu, as the first secretary in the village, insisted on assisting the two committees of the village to manage Baini Village by combining self-government, rule of law, and rule of virtue.
They also innovatively proposed the concept of "smart governance" on the basis of "three governances", that is, using public accounts, WeChat groups, small programs and other means, coupled with grid-based management, to incorporate 495 households in the village into 20 grids , Through the sinking of services, it is realized that small things do not go out of the grid, and big things do not go out of the village.
The key to rural governance lies in people.
Today, Baise has a total of 1,081 village first secretaries and nearly 2,000 staff working on the front line of rural revitalization. The average age is 36, and more than 70% of them have a college degree or above. They have grown through hard work.
Since 2015, a total of 518,000 first secretaries in villages have been selected and dispatched across the country. They are fighting poverty and striving for a well-off front line, and have played a huge role in rural governance.
In May last year, the state issued a document requesting that “the first village secretaries and work teams be continuously selected and dispatched to key villages.”
Now, these cadres stationed in the village are bearing in mind their entrustment to lead the villagers to continue to struggle and write a new chapter in rural revitalization.
The report of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China also pointed out that in the process of rural revitalization, socialized services should be developed.
In addition to appointing "foreign aid" such as first secretaries and working team members to participate in rural governance, various localities will also introduce the purchase of public services and hire professional talents to participate in comprehensive governance, such as rural legal consultants.
In July 2021, when Lao Hu, a villager from Liangjing Town, Huiyang District, Huizhou City, Guangdong Province, was spraying herbicides in his field, the pesticide floated into the rice fields of Lao Yang's family next to him because of a sudden change in wind direction.
So, the two argued.
Yang Huitian, Director of Security of Qiaobei Village Committee, Liangjing Town, Huiyang District, Huizhou City, Guangdong Province:
Lao Hu thinks it was caused by the wind, not himself. Lao Hu refused to compensate villager Yang Yunhua for the loss of rice fields. I don't know whether the damage caused should be compensated or not.
Yang Yunhua, a villager in Qiaobei Village, Liangjing Town, Huiyang District, Huizhou City, Guangdong Province
:
At that time, the mediation in the village was unsuccessful, so I called the village legal counsel to help us uphold justice.
The legal adviser they mentioned was Zhong Junan, a village legal adviser contracted by Xiajiao Village according to the "one village, one legal adviser" system, and usually provides legal consulting services to the villagers.
After understanding the ins and outs of the matter, lawyer Zhong believes that the amount of loss is not large, and the dispute can be resolved through mediation.
Zhong Junan, legal advisor of Xiajiao Village, Liangjing Town, Huiyang District, Huizhou City, Guangdong Province, and lawyer Zhong Junan of Guangdong Risheng Law Firm:
Only mediation allows everyone to realize their own shortcomings. In this case, it is beneficial to save costs and both parties can live in harmony.
Finally, under my mediation, the two sides shook hands and made peace, and Lao Hu paid 300 yuan to Lao Yang, and the matter was satisfactorily resolved.
In this way, a dispute among the villagers was successfully resolved because of the intervention of the village legal counsel.
"One Village, One Legal Consultant" was launched by Guangdong Province in May 2014. Village legal consultants are a team formed according to the principles of legal professionalism and public welfare. The community provides legal services to mediate conflicts and disputes among villagers.
In principle, the number of villages (communities) where one lawyer acts as a legal advisor shall not exceed five.
Zhong Junan said that a legal adviser should play multiple roles. He is not only a legal propagandist, a legal consultant, but also a dispute mediator and a case attorney. He is an important force in promoting rural governance by law and realizing rural revitalization.
In order to make good use of professionals such as lawyers, Guangdong has issued relevant documents, making specific regulations on management, assessment, and guarantee.
According to regulations, legal consultants must spend at least 8 hours a month to provide legal services in resident villages (communities), no less than 12 working days a year, and usually provide consultation by telephone and WeChat.
To this end, the finance department gives each legal consultant a subsidy of 10,000 yuan per year.
As of 2020, legal consultants in Guangdong Province have provided 2.32 million legal consultations to villagers and directly participated in the mediation of more than 80,000 conflicts and disputes.
For a long time, my country's rural development has been relatively backward, and villagers' legal awareness is not strong, because disputes caused by trivial matters are very common, and if they are not handled properly, "small things will drag on and big things will drag on".
In the past, when there were conflicts in the village, the elders and sages of the village mainly relied on mediation, and sometimes the local judicial office and police station also intervened. However, these two methods have some disadvantages.
Either there is no legal expertise, or the service is lagging.
As an independent third party, the village legal counsel not only talks about the situation but also the law, which makes up for the original deficiency, so the "one village, one legal counsel" was welcomed as soon as it was launched.
At present, there are 1,528 social practicing lawyers in Huizhou City, of which 613 lawyers serve as legal advisors for 1,325 villages (communities), achieving full coverage of legal advisors.
In 2021, they provided various services more than 30,000 times, and basically realized that "small things don't go out of the village, big things don't go out of the town, and conflicts don't get handed over."
In 2019, in order to better serve the rural communities, the Huizhou Municipal Bureau of Justice upgraded the "one legal consultant for one village" to "one legal consultant team for one village", allowing village committees and law firms to choose from each other, so as to achieve the best matching effect.
Rural legal consultants have gradually developed from mediating conflicts and disputes to being embedded in social governance.
Due to the obvious effect, it has been implemented in many parts of the country.
In March 2020, the "Opinions on Strengthening the Construction of the Rule of Law in Rural Areas" issued by the Central Committee for Comprehensively Governing the Country by Law issued a request to "further strengthen the work of rural legal advisors and implement the system of one legal advisor per village".
At present, more than 640,000 villages and communities across the country are equipped with legal advisers, and nearly 200,000 lawyers and grassroots legal service workers participate, basically achieving full coverage.
Village legal consultants have become an important talent force in the construction of the rule of law in rural areas.
Rural governance talents are the "cells" of the grassroots and the "front-line force" of grassroots construction, which is related to the implementation effect of the rural revitalization strategy.
We need not only village cadres who are devoted to the village, but also professionals who are happy with rural affairs to resolve conflicts in the countryside and solve problems for farmers.
This requires continuous improvement of the incentive mechanism for talents to serve the countryside, so that rural opportunities can attract people and the rural environment can retain people.
Only by cultivating more rural governance talents can we inject more positive force into rural revitalization.
Producer丨Liu Xuesong Huang Jie
Editor 丨 Ning Ke Chen Li Zhang Hao
Camera丨Lv Shaobo Liang Qipeng Zhang Shijie
Planning丨Ning Ke
Editor in charge丨Wenna Chen Zhongyuan
Editing丨Xing Yongyue, Zhou Wei, Hao Yuanhan
(CCTV news client)